The Australia Institute undertakes economic analysis with special emphasis on the role of the public sector as well as issues such as taxation and inequality, including gender inequality, poverty, privatisation, foreign investment, and corporate power. Some of The Australia Institute's contributions involve analysis of modelling exercises on the part of other groups such as assessing some of the pandemic modelling[5] as well as the modelling behind the government's intergenerational report.[6] The fiscal response has prompted attention to the tax base and so The Australia Institute described the principles of a good tax[7] and a report on how to make the budget less sexist.[8] These are some of the topics among the hundreds of reports on economic issues generally.
The Australia Institute has produced research in the climate and energy space since 1994.[9] In 2017, The Australia Institute took over the work of the Climate Institute, including continuing the Climate of the Nation report, the longest continuous survey of community attitudes to climate change in Australia.[10] The Australia Institute also publishes the National Energy Emissions Audit.[11]
The Australia Institute's Democracy & Accountability Program was established to "research the solutions to our democratic deficit and develop the political strategies to put them into practice".[12] Issues pursued by the program include truth in political advertising laws,[13] how state and federal governments have handled the COVID-19 pandemic,[14] and freedom of information laws.[15]
In October 2019, The Australia Institute established the International and Security Affairs Program to examine "the global connectivity that both underpins and impacts on Australia’s place in the world and the well-being of our citizens".[16] The program addresses a broad range of contemporary global issues, including new thinking on what security means,[17] a contemporary Middle East policy,[18] the proper use of the defence force,[19] the ANZUS Treaty,[20] Australia's relations with China,[21] and how Australia might improve its performance in the Pacific.[22]
The Australia Institute's researchers are prominent commentators on public policy issues, including work on climate change and energy, emissions trading, taxation policy, and inequality.
History
Clive Hamilton helped establish The Australia Institute in 1994 to generate public debate on building a better society, particularly the environment.[23] It was formally established on 4 May 1994.[24] The first directors of the institute were Professor Max Neutze (inaugural chair);[25]Hugh Saddler, a consultant in energy policy; and John Langmore; then a Labor Party MP; John Neville; Russell Rollason, then executive director of the Australian Council for Overseas Aid; Elizabeth Reid, the former first women's adviser to the prime minister Gough Whitlam in 1973; Barbara Spalding, an expert in social welfare and education; and Professor Marion Simms, an expert in the fields of gender studies and political science.[citation needed]
Hamilton was the executive director until his resignation in 2008. He was succeeded in the role by Richard Denniss, who stepped down in 2015 to take up the role of chief economist.[26]
Ben Oquist was executive director from 2015 to 2022. He was succeeded by Richard Denniss, who returned to the role in 2022.[citation needed]
The Australia Institute is active in promoting global warming mitigation measures and has been critical of the Australian federal government's perceived lack of action on climate change. The Australia Institute was critical of the Howard government's decision to refuse to ratify the Kyoto Protocol and claims that the former Prime Minister and some senior ministers deny the scientific evidence for global warming and that the resources sector drives government energy policy. Leaked minutes of a meeting between the Energy Minister, the Prime Minister and fossil fuel lobbyists provide evidence for those claims.[29][30]
The Australia Institute viewed positively the design of the carbon price mechanism implemented by the Gillard government and agrgued that beginning with a fixed price and transitioning to an emissions trading scheme made sense since there was no consensus about what the emissions reduction target should be.[33]
In 2014, Ben Oquist, who was the Australia Institute's strategy director, was involved in the Palmer United Party's decision to vote against the abolition of the Renewable Energy Target, the Clean Energy Finance Corporation, and the Climate Change Authority.[34] Oquist wrote, "The Australia Institute is disappointed that the carbon price is likely to be repealed". However, "The Palmer-Gore announcement has re-set climate policy and politics. Keeping the CCA, the RET and the CEFC is much more than most expected from the PUP. We have avoided a big step backwards".[35]
In 2017, The Australia Institute reported that Australia's greenhouse gas emissions had been "rising rapidly" since the abolition of the carbon price, with the economist Matt Grudnoff criticising the National Energy Guarantee proposed by the Turnbull government by saying that it would be "likely to cause our emissions to rise even faster".[36]
In 2017, The Australia Institute took over The Climate Institute's intellectual property after that institute's closure, and it subsequently launched a Climate and Energy Program to continue tat work.[37][38] The first Climate of the Nation report produced by The Australia Institute was released in 2018.[39]
The Australia Institute criticised the final two stages of the Turnbull government's three-stage income tax cut plan and released research into how the benefits from the tax cut are distributed more heavily by those with incomes.[43] and electorate.[44]
Funding and resourcing
The Australia Institute is a registered not-for-profit organisation under the Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission. It had a total gross income of A$10.6 million in 2024[45] (A$9.05M in 2023, and A$7.7M in 2022) and is funded by donations from philanthropic trusts and individuals, as well as grants and commissioned research from business, unions, and non-government organisations. The Australia Institute reported 45 full-time equivalent staff in 2024.[45]
In its first decade to 2003, The Australia Institute was largely funded by the Poola Foundation and the Treepot Foundation, philanthropic organisations run by the Kantors.[46] Other significant funders include the McKinnon Family Foundation; David Morawetz's Social Justice Fund, a sub-fund of the Australian Communities Foundation; Diana and Brian Snape, and the Susan McKinnon Foundation.[47]
In recent years, The Australia Institute has reported the number of donations that it has received from individuals, with 2,000 individual donors in financial year 2015[48] and 2,700 in the financial year 2017.[49]
The Australia Institute does not disclose its sources of funding but claims that it does not accept donations or commissioned work from political parties.[50]
Directors
John McKinnon (chair), NGO director and philanthropist
1 2 30 Years of Big Ideas Annual Report 2023–24(PDF) (Report). The Australia Institute. 8 November 2024. Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income. Archived(PDF) from the original on 11 February 2025. Retrieved 15 February 2025.
↑ Denniss, Richard (November 2008). "Fixing the Floor in the ETS". The Australia Institute Policy Brief. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2008.
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