Thrixspermum platystachys

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Starry hairseed
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Thrixspermum
Species:
T. platystachys
Binomial name
Thrixspermum platystachys
Synonyms [1]

Thrixspermum platystachys, commonly known as the starry hairseed, [2] is an epiphytic or lithophytic orchid that forms untidy clumps with many tangled, wiry roots, up to ten stiff, leathery leaves and many star-shaped, cream-coloured flowers with an orange and white labellum. This orchid occurs from Papuasia to northern Queensland.

Contents

Description

Thrixspermum platystachys is an epiphytic or lithophytic herb that forms untidy, pendulous clumps with many thin wiry roots and flattened stems 100–250 millimetres (3.9–9.8 in) long. It has between five and ten stiff, leathery leaves 80–150 millimetres (3.1–5.9 in) long and 30–40 millimetres (1.2–1.6 in) wide in two ranks. The flowers are fragrant, star-shaped, cream-coloured, 30–40 millimetres (1.2–1.6 in) long and 40–60 millimetres (1.6–2.4 in) wide arranged on a flattened, wiry flowering stem 100–250 millimetres (3.9–9.8 in) long. The sepals are 30–35 millimetres (1.2–1.4 in) long and about 3 millimetres (0.12 in) wide, the petals shorter and narrower. The labellum is orange and white, about 15 millimetres (0.59 in) long and 9 millimetres (0.35 in) wide with three lobes. The side lobes are about erect, about 3 millimetres (0.12 in) long and 6 millimetres (0.24 in) wide and the middle lobe is short and fleshy with a spur about 4 millimetres (0.16 in) long. Flowering occurs sporadically. [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy and naming

The starry hairseed was first formally described in 1886 by Frederick Bailey who gave it the name Sarcochilus platystachys and published the description in a supplement to A Synopsis of the Queensland Flora from a specimen collected by Thomas Bancroft near the Johnstone River. [5] [6] [7] In 1911, Rudolf Schlechter changed the name to Thrixspermum platystachys. [8] The specific epithet (platystachys) is derived from the ancient Greek words platys (πλατύς) meaning "broad" or "flat and stachys (στάχυς) meaning "ear of grain". [9]

Distribution and habitat

Thrixspermum platystachys grows on rainforest trees and on single trees near the coast in exposed situations. It occurs in New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, the Bismarck Archipelago and in Queensland on the Cape York Peninsula and as far south as Townsville. [1] [2] [4]

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<i>Plectorrhiza brevilabris</i>

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<i>Pomatocalpa macphersonii</i>

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<i>Pomatocalpa marsupiale</i>

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<i>Robiquetia gracilistipes</i>

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<i>Taeniophyllum lobatum</i> Species of orchid

Taeniophyllum lobatum, commonly known as the yellow ribbonroot, is a species of leafless epiphytic or lithophytic orchid that forms small clumps. It has short stems, flattened pale to greyish green roots pressed against the substrate on which it is growing and usually two pale to bright yellow flowers. It only occurs in tropical North Queensland.

<i>Taeniophyllum malianum</i> Species of orchid

Taeniophyllum malianum, commonly known as the tangled ribbonroot, is a species of leafless epiphytic or lithophytic orchid that forms tangled clumps. It has flattened green roots with irregular white spots and pressed against the substrate on which it is growing. There are up to fifteen fragrant yellow, short-lived flowers with up to three open at the same time. It only occurs in tropical North Queensland and in New Guinea.

Thrixspermum carinatifolium, commonly known as the Christmas Island hairseed, is an epiphytic orchid with flattened, straggly stems that form clumps with many branching aerial roots. It has flattened fleshy leaves arranged in two ranks along the stems and white or yellowish, widely opening flowers. This orchid occurs from Peninsular Malaysia to Christmas Island, an Australian territory.

<i>Thrixspermum congestum</i> Species of orchid

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<i>Trachoma stellatum</i> Species of orchid

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<i>Trichoglottis australiensis</i> Species of orchid

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<i>Vanda hindsii</i> Species of orchid

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Bryobium eriaeoides, commonly known as the brittle urchin orchid, is an epiphytic or lithophytic clump-forming orchid that has fleshy, green pseudobulbs, each with two leaves and between three and twelve cup-shaped white to purplish flowers but that sometimes remain closed. This orchid occurs in New Guinea and Queensland.

<i>Pholidota imbricata</i> Species of orchid

Pholidota imbricata, commonly known as the common rattlesnake orchid or necklace orchid, is a plant in the orchid family and is a clump-forming epiphyte or lithophyte with crowded pseudobulbs. Each pseudobulb has a single pleated, leathery leaf and up to sixty white, cream-coloured or greenish, cup-shaped flowers in two ranks along a wiry flowering stem. There is a large, papery bract at the base of each flower. This species is native to areas from tropical and subtropical Asia to the southwest Pacific.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Thrixspermum platystachys". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. 1 2 3 Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. pp. 456–457. ISBN   1877069124.
  3. "Thrixspermum platystachys". Trin keys: Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  4. 1 2 "Thrixspermum platystachys". Orchids of New Guinea. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  5. "Sarcochilus platystachys". APNI. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  6. Bailey, Frederick Manson (1886). A Synopsis of the Queensland Flora: First Supplement. Brisbane: Government Printer. pp. 56–57. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  7. "Bancroft, Thomas Lane (1860-1933 )". Australian National Herbarium. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  8. "Thrixspermum platystachys". APNI. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  9. Backer, C.A. (1936). Verklarend woordenboek der wetenschappelijke namen van de in Nederland en Nederlandsch-Indië in het wild groeiende en in tuinen en parken gekweekte varens en hoogere planten (Edition Nicoline van der Sijs).