Triprion spatulatus | |
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A pair in amplexus | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Amphibia |
Order: | Anura |
Family: | Hylidae |
Genus: | Triprion |
Species: | T. spatulatus |
Binomial name | |
Triprion spatulatus Günther, 1882 | |
Synonyms [2] | |
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Triprion spatulatus is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to the Pacific lowlands of western Mexico between the Sinaloa and Oaxaca states. It is known by several common names: shovel-headed treefrog, Mexican shovel-headed treefrog, shovel-nosed tree frog, and shovelhead treefrog. [1] [2]
Two subspecies that primarily differ in coloration [3] are sometimes distinguished: [2] [3]
Duellman (1970) allocated specimens from Sinaloa to the nominotypical subspecies and those further south and east to T. s. reticulatus. [3] However, more recent research suggests that populations east of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec represent a distinct but yet undescribed species. [1]
Triprion spatulatus are large frogs, with males reaching 87 mm (3.4 in) and females 101 mm (4.0 in) in snout–vent length. The head has broad labial flanges, giving it a spoon-like shape, as attested in its specific (from Latin spatulus, "spoon") and vernacular names. The eyes are protuberant, moderately large, and anterolaterally oriented. The tympanum is visible but partially obscured by labial and/or postorbital ridges. The fingers bear large discs and some rudimentary webbing. The toes are about two-thirds webbed. The general coloration in the nominotypical subspecies is pale green or yellowish tan with green to yellow flecks. The head is somewhat darker than the back. The flanks have a yellowish cast. The venter is white apart from grayish brown flecks in the voval sac of breedings males. T. s. reticulatus has pale yellowish tan or olive-green coloration with dark brown or black reticulations and spots. [3]
Triprion spatulatus occurs in lowland xeric and thorn-scrub forest and tropical deciduous forest at elevations up to 350 m (1,150 ft) asl. Breeding takes place in the temporary streams and ponds formed by rainfall and is therefore constrained to the rainy season. It is a common species that is not facing significant threats. Fire and changes in rainfall patterns are potential threats. Its range includes the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve. [1]
Triprion is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae found in the Pacific lowlands of Mexico, the Yucatán Peninsula, and Guatemala. These frogs hide in tree-holes and plug the entrance with their strange-looking, bony heads.
Centrolene ballux is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is known from a few disjunct localities on the Pacific versant of the Cordillera Occidental in southern Colombia and northern Ecuador. Common names golden-flecked glassfrog and Burrowes' giant glass frog have been coined for it.
Triprion spinosus, also known as the spiny-headed tree frog, spiny-headed treefrog, spinyhead treefrog, coronated treefrog, and crowned hyla, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It has a spotty distribution in Panama, Costa Rica, Honduras, and southern Mexico. Previously in its own monotypic genus Anotheca Smith, 1939, it was transferred to the genus Triprion in 2018.
Dendropsophus aperomeus is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Peru and occurs on the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in northern and central Peru. Common name Balzapata treefrog has been coined for it.
Dendropsophus phlebodes, the San Carlos treefrog or San Carlos dwarf treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in western Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Panama. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests, but it may also occur in disturbed habitats. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Dendropsophus robertmertensi is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the Pacific lowlands of El Salvador, Guatemala, and southeastern Mexico. A separate population exists in the Cintalapa Valley in Chiapas.
Exerodonta sumichrasti is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Mexico and known from the Pacific slopes of southern Mexico in the Guerrero, Oaxaca, and Chiapas states as well as from the Chiapan highlands.
Isthmohyla xanthosticta is a species of frogs in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Costa Rica and only known from its type locality on the south slope of Volcan Barba in the Heredia Province. Common name south fork treefrog has been coined for it.
Sarcohyla bistincta, also known as the Mexican fringe-limbed treefrog or Cope's streamside treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Mexico; it is widespread and occurs from southern Sinaloa and Durango southeastward to Veracruz and Oaxaca. The nominal Sarcohyla bistincta consists of several lineages that may eventually be described as distinct species.
Plectrohyla hartwegi is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas and eastern Oaxaca in Mexico, Sierra de los Cuchumatanes in western Guatemala as well as Sierra de las Minas in eastern Guatemala, and Sierra de Omoa in southwestern Honduras. It might be a composite of two or more species.
Sarcohyla siopela, also known as the voiceless treefrog or mute treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Mexico and only known from the west slope of the Cofre de Perote Mountain, in Sierra Madre Oriental, central Veracruz. It is feared that the species might be extinct.
Scinax cruentomma is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the upper Amazon Basin of southern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, northeastern and east-central Peru, and western Brazil; its presence is French Guiana is dispted. The specific name cruentomma is derived from the Greek cruentos meaning "bloody" and omma meaning "eye", referring to the red streak in the eye of this frog. This species is also known as the Manaus snouted treefrog.
Scinax danae is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to southeastern Venezuela and occurs in the La Escalera region of the Sierra de Lema, Bolívar state. The specific name danae honors Dana Trueb Duellman, the daughter William E. Duellman, the scientist who described this species. Despite this, common name Bolivar snouted treefrog has been coined for this species.
Scinax elaeochroa, commonly known as the Sipurio snouted treefrog, or olive snouted treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the Caribbean lowlands of Nicaragua and Panama and in the Pacific lowlands of Costa Rica and Panama, with an isolated population in Colombia.
Scinax exiguus is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the Gran Sabana of Venezuela and in the Roraima state of the adjacent northern Brazil, as far south as Boa Vista, Roraima. Common name Gran Sabana snouted treefrog has been coined for it.
Niceforonia dolops is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the Andes of southern Colombia and northern Ecuador. Specifically, it is known from the Cordillera Oriental and Colombian Massif in Caquetá and Putumayo Departments, Colombia, and Napo Province, Ecuador. Common name Putumayo robber frog has been coined for it.
Eleutherodactylus pipilans is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is found in southern and southeastern Mexico and southwestern Guatemala.
Gastrotheca splendens is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to Bolivia. The only precisely known record is from the eastern slopes of the Andes in the Amboró National Park, in the Santa Cruz Department. Only two specimens are known. Common name Schmidt's marsupial frog has been coined for this species, in reference to Eduard Oscar Schmidt who described the species.
Chiasmocleis anatipes is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. As currently known, it is endemic to northeastern Ecuador, but it is likely to occur also in adjacent parts of Peru and perhaps Colombia too. The specific name anatipes refers to the "duck-like" feet of this frog, characterized by extensive webbing between the toes. Common name Santa Cecilia humming frog has been proposed for this species.
Rheohyla is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. As currently recognized, it is monotypic, containing only Rheohyla miotympanum, also known as the small-eared hyla or small-eared treefrog. However, the nominal species likely is a complex of more than one species. It is endemic to eastern and central Mexico. The generic name refers to streams, the breeding habitat of this frog. The specific name is derived from Greek meion, a diminutive prefix, together with Greek tympanon (='drum') and refers to the small tympanum.