| UN Security Council Resolution 932 | |
|---|---|
 UNAVEM medal ribbon | |
| Date | 30 June 1994 |
| Meeting no. | 3,395 |
| Code | S/RES/932 (Document) |
| Subject | Angola |
Voting summary | 15 voted for None voted against None abstained |
| Result | Adopted |
| Security Council composition | |
Permanent members | |
Non-permanent members | |
United Nations Security Council resolution 932, adopted unanimously on 30 June 1994, after reaffirming Resolution 696 (1991) and all subsequent resolutions on Angola, the Council discussed the situation during the civil war and extended the mandate of the United Nations Angola Verification Mission II (UNAVEM II) until 30 September 1994. [1]
United Nations Security Council resolution 696, adopted unanimously on 30 May 1991, after noting the recent desire to sign the Bicesse Accords between the MPLA and UNITA in Angola, the recent withdrawal of all Cuban troops and considering a report by the Secretary-General, the Council approved Javier Pérez de Cuéllar's recommendations and established the United Nations Angola Verification Mission II, noting that the mandate of the United Nations Angola Verification Mission I (1989–1991) was coming to an end.
Angola, officially the Republic of Angola, is a west-coast country of south-central Africa. It is the seventh-largest country in Africa, bordered by Namibia to the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Zambia to the east, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. Angola has an exclave province, the province of Cabinda that borders the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The capital and largest city of Angola is Luanda.
The Angolan Civil War was a civil war in Angola, beginning in 1975 and continuing, with interludes, until 2002. The war began immediately after Angola became independent from Portugal in November 1975. The war was a power struggle between two former liberation movements, the communist People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) and the anti-communist National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA). The war was used as a surrogate battleground for the Cold War by rival states such as the Soviet Union, Cuba, South Africa and the United States.
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UNITA was urged to accept the results of the legislative and presidential elections and respect peace agreements. Both parties, especially UNITA, had to be flexible and act in good faith towards the negotiations in Lusaka, Zambia. Recently, the military operations in Angola had again intensified, which had consequences for the population, hindered the talks in Lusaka and affected UNAVEM II's ability to carry out its mandate.
The National Union for the Total Independence of Angola is the second-largest political party in Angola. Founded in 1966, UNITA fought alongside the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) in the Angolan War for Independence (1961–1975) and then against the MPLA in the ensuing civil war (1975–2002). The war was one of the most prominent Cold War proxy wars, with UNITA receiving military aid from the United States and South Africa while the MPLA received support from the Soviet Union and its allies.
Lusaka is the capital and largest city of Zambia. One of the fastest developing cities in southern Africa, Lusaka is in the southern part of the central plateau at an elevation of about 1,279 metres (4,196 ft). As of 2010, the city's population was about 1.7 million, while the urban population is 2.4 million. Lusaka is the centre of both commerce and government in Zambia and connects to the country's four main highways heading north, south, east and west. English is the official language of the city administration, while Chewa and Bemba are the commonly spoken street languages.
After extending the mandate of UNAVEM II until 30 September 1994, the Security Council urged both parties to fulfill their commitments, working towards a ceasefire and a peaceful solution. The Government of Angola had accepted proposals for national reconciliation by Margaret Anstee, and UNITA was urged to do the same. In the event that, by 31 July 1994, the proposals were not accepted, additional measures would be imposed against UNITA, as indicated in Resolution 864 (1993). Furthermore, the role of the United Nations in Angola would be reconsidered at the end of UNAVEM II's newly extended mandate if no peace agreement was reached. All countries were reminded of their obligation to implement the sanctions against UNITA. Two neighbours of Angola who had so far failed to co-operate were asked to submit information regarding alleged violations of the sanctions.
Dame Margaret Joan Anstee, DCMG was a British diplomat who served at the United Nations for over four decades (1952–93), rising to the rank of an Under-Secretary-General in 1987. She was the first woman to hold this position.
United Nations Security Council resolution 864, adopted unanimously on 15 September 1993, after reaffirming resolutions 696 (1991), 747 (1992), 785 (1992), 793 (1992), 804 (1993), 811 (1993), 823 (1993), 834 (1993) and 851 (1993), the Council noted the continuing situation in Angola and went on to condemn and place international sanctions on UNITA.
The Council condemned the intensification of offensive military actions throughout the country, contrary to Resolution 922 (1994), and in this regard, both parties were urged to cease hostilities. The deteriorating humanitarian situation and actions against humanitarian aid workers were deplored and condemned. Both parties were urged to guarantee safe passage for humanitarian workers. Finally, the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali was requested to report back to the Council by 31 July 1994, on developments the situation.
United Nations Security Council resolution 922, adopted unanimously on 31 May 1994, after reaffirming Resolution 696 (1991) and all subsequent resolutions on Angola, the Council discussed the peace process during the civil war and extended the mandate of the United Nations Angola Verification Mission II until 30 June 1994.
Humanitarian aid is material and logistic assistance to people who need help. It is usually short-term help until the long-term help by government and other institutions replaces it. Among the people in need are the homeless, refugees, and victims of natural disasters, wars and famines. Humanitarian aid is material or logistical assistance provided for humanitarian purposes, typically in response to humanitarian relief efforts including natural disasters and man-made disaster. The primary objective of humanitarian aid is to save lives, alleviate suffering, and maintain human dignity. It may therefore be distinguished from development aid, which seeks to address the underlying socioeconomic factors which may have led to a crisis or emergency. There is a debate on linking humanitarian aid and development efforts, which was reinforced by the World Humanitarian Summit in 2016. However, the approach is viewed critically by practitioners.
Boutros Boutros-Ghali was an Egyptian politician and diplomat who was the sixth Secretary-General of the United Nations (UN) from January 1992 to December 1996. An academic and former Vice Foreign Minister of Egypt, Boutros-Ghali oversaw the UN over a period coinciding with several world crises, including the breakup of Yugoslavia and the Rwandan genocide. He was then the first Secretary-General of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie from 16 November 1997 to 31 December 2002.
