United Nations Security Council Resolution 950

UN Security Council
Resolution 950
UN Security Council ; Resolution 950
	UNOMIL medal bar
Date	21 October 1994
Meeting no.	3,442
Code	S/RES/950 (Document)
Subject	The situation in Liberia
Voting summary	15 voted for; None voted against; None abstained;
Result	Adopted
Security Council composition
Permanent members	China ; France ; Russia ; United Kingdom ; United States ;
Non-permanent members	Argentina ; Brazil ; Czech Republic ; Djibouti ; New Zealand ; Nigeria ; Oman ; Pakistan ; Rwanda ; Spain ;

Last updated March 03, 2023

United Nations Security Council resolution 950, adopted unanimously on 21 October 1994, after reaffirming resolutions 813 (1993), 856 (1993), 866 (1993) and 911 (1994), the Council noted the deteriorating situation in Liberia and extended the mandate of the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) until 13 January 1995.^[1]

The council began by commending the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and its president, the President of Ghana Jerry Rawlings, for their role in Liberia. The importance of strengthening the authority of the Liberian National Transitional Government (LNTG) was stressed, and states that had contributed to the Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) were commended. ECOMOG itself was praised for preventing an attempted coup d'état against the LNTG in the capital Monrovia. Concern was expressed at the breakdown in the ceasefire and the impact of the deteriorating security situation due to the increasing level of warfare on the civilian population in Liberia.

The intention of the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali to send a high-level mission to consult ECOWAS member states on the role of the international community in Liberia. The Council recognised that, after extending the mandate of UNOMIL, its reduction was necessary due to the prevailing situation on the ground. An increase was dependent on conditions improving and a further report from the Secretary-General.

All factions in Liberia were called upon to cease hostilities and agree a timetable for the disengagement of forces, disarmament and demobilisation. Meanwhile, the LNTG and the population were called upon to seek national reconciliation and co-operate with the Chairman of ECOWAS and with the Special Representative of the Secretary-General.^[2] All states were instructed to strictly abide by the general and complete arms embargo on Liberia, in accordance with Resolution 788 (1992) under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter.

The resolution condemned the widespread killing of civilians, violations of international humanitarian law and the detention and mistreatment of UNOMIL observers, ECOMOG soldiers, humanitarian relief workers and other personnel.^[3] It demanded that all factions in Liberia respect the status of ECOMOG and UNOMIL personnel, refraining from intimidation or acts of violence towards them and return all equipment seized.

Member states were urged to contribute to the peace process in Liberia and commended those that had provided humanitarian aid to the country. Finally, the secretary-general was asked to report back to the council before the end of UNOMIL's current mandate on developments in Liberia and the situation on the ground.

Related Research Articles

The First Liberian Civil War was the first in a series of two civil wars within the West African nation of Liberia. It lasted from 1989 to 1997. President Samuel Doe had established a regime in 1980 but totalitarianism and corruption led to unpopularity and the withdrawal of support from the United States by the late 1980s. The National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) led by Charles Taylor invaded Liberia from the Ivory Coast to overthrow Doe in December 1989 and gained control over most of the country within a year. Doe was captured and executed by the Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia (INPFL), a splinter faction of the NPFL led by Prince Johnson, in September 1990. The NPFL and INPFL fought each other for control of the capital city, Monrovia and against the Armed Forces of Liberia and pro-Doe United Liberation Movement of Liberia for Democracy. Peace negotiations and foreign involvement led to a ceasefire in 1995 but fighting continued until a peace agreement between the main factions occurred in August 1996. Taylor was elected President of Liberia following the 1997 Liberian general election and entered office in August of the same year.

The Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) was a West African multilateral armed force established by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). ECOMOG was a formal arrangement for separate armies to work together. It was largely supported by personnel and resources of the Nigerian Armed Forces, with sub-battalion strength units contributed by other ECOWAS members — Ghana, Guinea, Sierra Leone, The Gambia, Liberia, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, and others.

The United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) was a peacekeeping operation established in September 2003 to monitor a ceasefire agreement in Liberia following the resignation of President Charles Taylor and the conclusion of the Second Liberian Civil War (1999–2003). At its peak it consisted of up to 15,000 U.N. military personnel and 1,115 police officers, along with civilian political advisors and aid workers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 788</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 1992

United Nations Security Council resolution 788, adopted unanimously on 19 November 1992, after determining that the deterioration of the situation in Liberia constituted a threat to international peace and security, the council imposed an arms embargo on the country for the purposes of establishing peace and stability.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 813, adopted unanimously on 26 March 1993, after reaffirming Resolution 788 (1992) and determining that the situation in Liberia constituted a threat to international peace and security, the Council condemned the failure of the parties in the country – the Armed Forces of Liberia, ULIMO, National Patriotic Front of Liberia and Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia among others, to implement the Yamoussoukro IV Accord.

United Nations Security Council resolution 851, adopted unanimously on 15 July 1993, after reaffirming resolutions 696 (1991), 747 (1992), 785 (1992), 793 (1992), 804 (1993), 811 (1993), 823 (1993) and 834 (1993), the Council noted the continuing deterioration of the situation in Angola and extended the mandate of the United Nations Angola Verification Mission II until 15 September 1993, discussing further the peace process in the country.

United Nations Security Council resolution 866, adopted unanimously on 22 September 1993, after reaffirming resolutions 813 (1993) and 856 (1993), the council noted that United Nations involvement would contribute significantly to the effective implementation of the peace agreement in Liberia and went on to establish the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL).

United Nations Security Council resolution 911, adopted unanimously on 21 April 1994, after reaffirming resolutions 813 (1993), 856 (1993) and 866 (1993), the Council welcomed progress made towards establishing the Liberian National Transitional Government but was concerned about subsequent delays in implementing the Cotonou Peace Agreement, and extended the mandate of the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) until 22 October 1994.

United Nations Security Council resolution 972, adopted unanimously on 13 January 1995, after reaffirming resolutions 813 (1993), 856 (1993), 866 (1993), 911 (1994) and 950 (1994), the council discussed the peace process in Liberia and extended the mandate of the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) until 13 April 1995.

United Nations Security Council resolution 985, adopted unanimously on 13 April 1995, after reaffirming resolutions 813 (1993), 856 (1993), 866 (1993), 911 (1994), 950 (1994) and 972 (1995), and 788 (1992) which imposed an arms embargo on Liberia, the council established a committee to monitor the implementation of the embargo and extended the mandate of the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) until 30 June 1995.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1001, adopted unanimously on 30 June 1995, after reaffirming resolutions 813 (1993), 856 (1993), 866 (1993), 911 (1994), 950 (1994) and 972 (1995), and 985 (1995) on Liberia, the Council discussed the implementation of peace agreements in the country and extended the mandate of the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) until 15 September 1995.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1014, adopted unanimously on 15 September 1995, after recalling all resolutions on the situation in Liberia, particularly 1001 (1995), the council discussed various aspects of the civil war and extended the mandate of the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) until 31 January 1996.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1020</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 1995

United Nations Security Council resolution 1020, adopted unanimously on 10 November 1995, after recalling all resolutions on the situation in Liberia, particularly 1001 (1995), the Council discussed the implementation of the peace process during the First Liberian Civil War and adjusted the mandate of the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) to include other functions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1041</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 1996

United Nations Security Council resolution 1041, adopted unanimously on 29 January 1996, after recalling all resolutions on the situation in Liberia, particularly 1020 (1995), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) until 31 May 1996 and discussed efforts to restore stability in the country.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1059, adopted unanimously on 31 May 1996, after recalling all resolutions on the situation in Liberia, particularly Resolution 1041 (1996), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) until 31 August 1996 and discussed the security situation in the country.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1083, adopted unanimously on 27 November 1996, after recalling all resolutions on the situation in Liberia, particularly Resolution 1071 (1996), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) until 31 March 1997 and discussed matters relating to UNOMIL.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1100, adopted unanimously on 27 March 1997, after recalling all resolutions on the situation in Liberia, particularly Resolution 1083 (1996), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) until 30 June 1997.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1116, adopted unanimously on 27 June 1997, after recalling all resolutions on the situation in Liberia, particularly Resolution 1100 (1997), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) until 30 September 1997 with the expectation that it will terminate on that date.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1497, adopted on 1 August 2003, after expressing concern at the situation in Liberia, the Council authorised a multinational force to intervene in the civil war to support the implementation of a ceasefire agreement using "all necessary measures".

The United Nations Observer Mission in Sierra Leone (UNOMSIL) was a United Nations peacekeeping operation in Sierra Leone from 1998 to 1999 that was established with the passage of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1181. Its mission was to monitor the military and security situation in Sierra Leone. The mission was terminated in October 1999, when the Security Council authorized deployment of a new, and significantly larger peacekeeping operation, the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL).

References

↑ United Nations Dept. of Public Information (1997). The United Nations and the situation in Liberia. United Nations Dept. of Public Information. p. 11.
↑ Yusuf, Abdulqawi A. (1997). African Yearbook of International Law / Annuaire Africain de Droit International, Volume 4 (1996). Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 15. ISBN 978-90-411-0471-7.
↑ Mgbeoji, Ikechi (2004). Collective Insecurity: The Liberian Crisis, Unilateralism, and Global Order. UBC Press. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-7748-1037-1.

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Text of the Resolution at undocs.org

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[1] United Nations Dept. of Public Information (1997). The United Nations and the situation in Liberia. United Nations Dept. of Public Information. p. 11.

[2] Yusuf, Abdulqawi A. (1997). African Yearbook of International Law / Annuaire Africain de Droit International, Volume 4 (1996). Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 15. ISBN 978-90-411-0471-7.

[3] Mgbeoji, Ikechi (2004). Collective Insecurity: The Liberian Crisis, Unilateralism, and Global Order. UBC Press. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-7748-1037-1.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 950

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