United Technologies

Last updated

United Technologies Corporation
Company type Public
NYSE: UTX
Industry Conglomerate
Predecessor United Aircraft
FoundedSeptember 26, 1934 (1934-09-26) (as United Aircraft Corporation)
May 1, 1975 (1975-05-01) (as United Technologies Corporation)
Founder Frederick Rentschler (for the United Aircraft line)
DefunctApril 3, 2020 (2020-04-03)
FateMerged with Raytheon to form RTX; Otis and Carrier spun off.
Successors
Headquarters
Farmington, Connecticut
,
United States [1]
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
RevenueUS$71.31 Billion (2019)

United Technologies Corporation (UTC) was an American multinational conglomerate headquartered in Farmington, Connecticut. [1] It researched, developed, and manufactured products in numerous areas, including aircraft engines, aerospace systems, HVAC, elevators and escalators, fire and security, building automation, and industrial products, among others. UTC was also a large military contractor, getting about 10% of its revenue from the U.S. government. [4] [5] In April 2020, UTC merged with the Raytheon Company to form Raytheon Technologies, later renamed RTX Corporation. [6]

Contents

History

Pre-1970s

1970s and 1980s

In 1974, Harry Jack Gray left Litton Industries to become the CEO of United Aircraft. [7] He pursued a strategy of growth and diversification, changing the parent corporation's name to United Technologies Corporation (UTC) in 1975 to reflect the intent to diversify into numerous high tech fields beyond aerospace. [8] (The change became official on May 1, 1975.) The diversification was partially to balance civilian business against any overreliance on military business. [7] UTC became a mergers and acquisitions (M&A)–focused organization, with various forced takeovers of unwilling smaller corporations. [7] The next year (1976), UTC forcibly acquired Otis Elevator. [9] In 1979, Carrier Refrigeration and Mostek were acquired; [10] the Carrier deal was forcible, while the Mostek deal was a white knight move against hostile takeover designs by Gould.

At one point, the military portion of UTC's business, whose sensitivity to "excess profits" and boom/bust demand drove UTC to diversify away from it, actually carried the weight of losses incurred by the commercial M&A side of the business. [7] Although M&A activity was not new to United Aircraft, the M&A activity of the 1970s and 1980s was higher-stakes and arguably unfocused. Rather than aviation being the central theme of UTC businesses, high tech (of any type) was the new theme. Some Wall Street watchers questioned the true value of M&A at almost any price, seemingly for its own sake. [7]

Mostek was sold in 1985 to the French electronics company Thomson.[ citation needed ]

In 2007, UTC opened the Hawk Works, a Rapid Prototyping and Military Derivatives Completion Center (RPMDCC) located west of the Elmira-Corning Regional Airport in Big Flats, New York. [11]

In March 2008, UTC made a $2.63 billion bid to acquire Diebold, a Canton, Ohio based manufacturer of banking and voting machines. Diebold rejected the buyout bid as inadequate. [12]

In April 2010, UTC announced that it was investing €15 million ($20 million) to set up the United Technologies Research Centre Ireland at University College Cork’s Tyndall National Institute which will carry out research on energy and security systems. [13]

In June 2012, it was discovered that UTC sold military technology to the Chinese. [14] For pleading guilty to violating the Arms Export Control Act and making false statements, United Technologies and its subsidiaries were fined $75 million. [15]

In February 2013, UTC Power was sold to ClearEdge Power. [16]

In October 2014, Toshiba and United Technologies made a deal to expand their joint venture outside Japan. [17]

In February 2016, UTC subsidiary Carrier Air Conditioner announced to employees at its Indianapolis and Huntington plants, that Carrier is moving manufacturing to Mexico: "The best way to stay competitive and protect the business for long-term is to move production from our facility in Indianapolis to Monterrey, Mexico. " [18] In December, Carrier agreed to keep the Indianapolis plant open, keeping 700 jobs in Indianapolis. [19] The plant in Huntington, Indiana would still close their doors, leaving 700 employees jobless. [20]

In June 2019, United Technologies announced the intention to merge with defense contractor Raytheon to form Raytheon Technologies Corporation. The combined company, valued at more than $100 billion after planned spinoffs, would be the world's second-largest aerospace-and-defense company by sales behind Boeing. [21] Although UTC was the nominal survivor, the merged company was headquartered at legacy Raytheon's former base in Waltham, Massachusetts. [22] The merger was completed in April 2020. [6]

In March 2020, United Technologies Corporation announced the separations of Carrier Global and Otis Worldwide. [23]

Executive history

In April 2008, Louis Chênevert succeeded George David as the company's chief executive officer (CEO). [24] [2] Chênevert served until 2014, when he was succeeded by Gregory Hayes. [2]

The chief financial officer's (CFO) position was held by Gregory Hayes until 2014, when he succeeded Louis Chênevert as CEO. [2] The chairman of the board of directors (chairperson) position went to Louis Chênevert, then the company's CEO, in January 2010, succeeding George David. [24]

Finances

For the fiscal year 2017, United Technologies reported earnings of US$4.552 billion, with an annual revenue of US$59.837 billion, an increase of 4.5% over the previous fiscal cycle. United Technologies shares traded at over $114 per share, and its market capitalization was valued at US$98.6 billion in October 2018. [25] UTC ranked No. 51 in the 2018 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue. [26]

YearRevenue
in mil. USD$		Net income
in mil. USD$		Total Assets
in mil. USD$		Price per Share
in USD$		Employees
200542,7253,06945,92538.42
200647,8293,73247,14146.56
200755,7164,22454,57554.94
200859,1194,68956,83749.91
200952,4253,82955,76244.36
201052,2754,37358,49358.86
201155,7544,97961,45267.41
201257,7085,13089,40967.87
201356,6005,72190,59487.83212,000
201457,9006,22091,206101.42211,000
201556,0987,60887,48499.09197,000
201657,2445,05589,70696.15205,000
201759,8374,55296,920114.01205,000

Business units

Hartford's Gold Building served as UTC's headquarters from 1975 to 2015 UTCHeadquartersViewFromTheAncientBuryingGround.JPG
Hartford's Gold Building served as UTC's headquarters from 1975 to 2015
Otis Elevator's former headquarters served as UTC's headquarters from 2015 to 2020 OtisElevatorCompanyHeadquarters.JPG
Otis Elevator's former headquarters served as UTC's headquarters from 2015 to 2020

Acquisitions

Former businesses

Political contributions

During the 2004 election cycle, UTC was the sixth largest defense industry donor to political campaigns, contributing a total of $789,561; 64% went to Republicans. In the 2006 election cycle, UTC was again the sixth largest donor to federal candidates and political parties; 53% of the funds were contributed to Republicans, 35% percent to Democrats; [53]

In 2005, the firm was among 53 entities that contributed the maximum of $250,000 to the second inauguration of President George W. Bush. [54] [55]

Philanthropy

In 1981, a contribution from UTC made possible the exhibition "Paris/Magnum: Photographs 1935–1981", featuring photographs of Paris taken by photographers of Magnum Photos, the agency founded in 1947 by Robert Capa, George Rodger, Henri Cartier-Bresson, William Vandivert, and David Seymour. A volume of the same title, with text by Irwin Shaw and an introduction by Inge Morath, was also published in 1981.

UTC is the sponsor of the exhibition "Aphrodite and the Gods of Love" at Boston's Museum of Fine Arts that opened in fall 2011. [56]

The firm and its subsidiaries are major contributors to museums such as the New England Air Museum. [57] [58]

In April 2015, UTC signed an education partnership agreement with the China Friendship Foundation for Peace and Development, [59] a united front organization under the control of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries. [60] [61]

Environmental record

Researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst have identified UTC. as the 38th-largest corporate producer of air pollution in the United States as of 2008. UTC released roughly 110,000 pounds (50,000 kg) of toxic chemicals annually into the atmosphere [62] including manganese, nickel, chromium and related compounds. [63] [64]

In the 2016 University of Massachusetts Amherst Toxic 100 Air Polluters Index, UTC was ranked 9th by a toxicity population exposure score. It was also reported they release 60,000 pounds (27,200 kg) of toxins into the air. [65]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pratt & Whitney</span> Aircraft engine manufacturer

Pratt & Whitney is an American aerospace manufacturer with global service operations. It is a subsidiary of RTX Corporation. Pratt & Whitney's aircraft engines are widely used in both civil aviation and military aviation. Its headquarters are in East Hartford, Connecticut. The company is the world's second largest commercial aircraft engine manufacturer, with a 35% market share as of 2020. In addition to aircraft engines, Pratt & Whitney manufactures gas turbine engines for industrial use, marine propulsion, and power generation. In 2017, the company reported that it supported more than 11,000 customers in 180 countries around the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aerospace manufacturer</span> Company involved in manufacturing aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, and/or spacecraft

An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, or spacecraft. Aerospace is a high technology industry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Raytheon</span> U.S. defense contractor

The Raytheon Company was a major U.S. defense contractor and industrial corporation with manufacturing concentrations in weapons and military and commercial electronics. Founded in 1922, it merged in 2020 with United Technologies Corporation to form Raytheon Technologies, which changed its name to RTX Corporation in July 2023.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Goodrich Corporation</span> Defunct American manufacturer

The Goodrich Corporation, formerly the B.F. Goodrich Company, was an American manufacturing company based in Charlotte, North Carolina. Founded in Akron, Ohio in 1870 as Goodrich, Tew & Co. by Dr. Benjamin Franklin Goodrich, the company name was changed to the "B.F. Goodrich Company" in 1880, to BFGoodrich in the 1980s, and to "Goodrich Corporation" in 2001. Originally a rubber manufacturing company known for automobile tires, the company diversified its manufacturing businesses throughout the twentieth century and sold off its tire business in 1986 to focus on its other businesses, such as aerospace and chemical manufacturing. The BFGoodrich brand name continues to be used by Michelin, who acquired the tire manufacturing business in 1988. Following the acquisition by United Technologies in 2012, Goodrich became a part of UTC Aerospace Systems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rockwell Collins</span> Defunct US-based electronics company (2001-2018)

Rockwell Collins, Inc. was a multinational corporation headquartered in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, providing avionics and information technology systems and services to government agencies and aircraft manufacturers. It was formed when the Collins Radio Company, facing financial difficulties, was purchased by Rockwell International in 1973. In 2001, the avionics division of Rockwell International was spun off to form the current Rockwell Collins, Inc., retaining its name.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hamilton Standard</span> American aircraft propeller manufacturer

Hamilton Standard was an American aircraft propeller parts supplier. It was formed in 1929 when United Aircraft and Transport Corporation consolidated Hamilton Aero Manufacturing and Standard Steel Propeller into the Hamilton Standard Propeller Corporation. Other members of United Aircraft included Boeing, United Airlines, Sikorsky and Pratt & Whitney. At the time, Hamilton was the largest manufacturer of aircraft propellers in the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GE Security</span> Business enterprise within General Electric

GE Security was a division of General Electric's GE Enterprise Solutions. It was acquired by UTC on March 1, 2010, and became part of UTC Fire & Security. GE Security's division provides intrusion alarm systems, integrated security systems, fire systems, access control, video surveillance, explosives and illegal drug detection, key control/lockbox, fiber optic transmission, machine guarding, and more. GE Security was based in Bradenton, Florida.

The United Aircraft Corporation was an American aircraft manufacturer formed by the break-up of United Aircraft and Transport Corporation in 1934. In 1975, the company became United Technologies, which in 2020 merged with Raytheon, later renamed RTX Corporation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">UTC Climate, Controls & Security</span>

UTC Climate, Controls & Security was a global provider of building technologies offering fire safety, security, building automation, heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, and refrigeration systems and services. A wholly owned subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation, UTC Climate, Controls & Security was a $16.7 billion company with 55,000 employees serving customers in more than 180 countries.

Collins Aerospace is an American technology company that is one of the world's largest suppliers of aerospace and defense products. Headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina, it is a subsidiary of RTX Corporation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carrier Global</span> American air conditioning company

Carrier Global Corporation is an American multinational heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), refrigeration, and fire and security equipment corporation based in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida. Carrier was founded in 1915 as an independent company manufacturing and distributing HVAC systems, and has since expanded to include manufacturing commercial refrigeration and food service equipment, and fire and security technologies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rohr, Inc.</span>

Rohr, Inc. is an aerospace manufacturing company based in Chula Vista, California, south of San Diego. It is a wholly owned unit of the Collins Aerospace division of Raytheon Technologies; it was founded in 1940 by Frederick H. Rohr as Rohr Aircraft.

Sundstrand Corporation was founded in 1926 as a merger of two companies started by Swedish immigrants: the Rockford Tool Company and the Rockford Milling Machine Company in Rockford, Illinois. It was known as Sundstrand Machine Tool Company until 1959 when shareholders voted to change the name to Sundstrand Corporation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clipper Windpower</span>

Clipper Windpower is a wind turbine manufacturing company founded in 2001 by James G.P. Dehlsen. It designed one of the largest wind turbines in the United States, manufactured in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. It was working collaboratively with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

Louis R. Chênevert is a Canadian businessman. He served as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of United Technologies Corporation and was also President of Pratt & Whitney.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">B/E Aerospace</span> Manufacturer of aircraft passenger cabin interior products

B/E Aerospace, Inc. was a manufacturer of aircraft passenger cabin interior products for the commercial and business jet aircraft markets. B/E Aerospace had leading worldwide market shares in all of its major product lines and served virtually all of the world's airlines, aircraft manufacturers and leasing companies through its direct global sales and customer support organizations. Based in Wellington, Florida, the company was capitalized as a $4.2 billion corporation as of January 2016.

Hamilton Sundstrand was an American globally active corporation that manufactured and supported aerospace and industrial products for worldwide markets. A subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation, it was headquartered in Windsor Locks, Connecticut. The company was formed from the merger of Hamilton Standard and Sundstrand Corporation in 1999. In 2012, Hamilton Sundstrand was merged with Goodrich Corporation to form UTC Aerospace Systems. In 2018, UTC Aerospace Systems and Rockwell Collins combined to form Collins Aerospace.

Gregory J. Hayes is an American businessman. He was the chairman and CEO of United Technologies from September 2016 until April 2020, when United Technologies merged with Raytheon, at which point he became the CEO of the merged company, RTX Corporation. Hayes has announced his retirement from that position, to become effective on May 2, 2024.

UTC Aerospace Systems (UTAS) was one of the world’s largest suppliers of aerospace and defense products, headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina, United States. The company was formed in August 2012 when parent United Technologies Corporation merged their existing subsidiary Hamilton Sundstrand with the newly-acquired Goodrich Corporation. In 2018, UTC acquired Rockwell Collins which was merged to form Collins Aerospace.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RTX Corporation</span> American multinational aerospace and defense conglomerate

RTX Corporation, formerly Raytheon Technologies Corporation, is an American multinational aerospace and defense conglomerate headquartered in Arlington, Virginia. It is one of the largest aerospace and defense manufacturers in the world by revenue and market capitalization, as well as one of the largest providers of intelligence services. In 2023, the company's seat in Forbes Global 2000 was 79. RTX manufactures aircraft engines, avionics, aerostructures, cybersecurity solutions, guided missiles, air defense systems, satellites, and drones. The company is a large military contractor, getting much of its revenue from the U.S. government.

References

  1. 1 2 "Locations". utc.com. Archived from the original on February 5, 2016. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Nordqvist, Joseph (November 24, 2014). "Louis Chenevert stepping down as CEO of United Technologies, being replaced by Gregory J. Hays". Market Business News. Retrieved January 18, 2020.
  3. ↑ "UTC Names Gregory J. Hayes As President And Chief Executive Officer". CNN. November 24, 2014. Archived from the original on November 29, 2014. Retrieved November 24, 2014.
  4. ↑ Ehrenfreund, Max (December 5, 2016). "CEO: United Tech. considered federal contracts in decision to keep Indiana jobs in deal with Trump". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 2, 2016. I also know that about 10 percent of our revenue comes from the U.S. government," [United Technologies chief executive Greg Hayes] said.
  5. ↑ "CorpWatch : United Technologies". Archived from the original on July 4, 2015. Retrieved July 3, 2015.
  6. 1 2 "United Technologies and Raytheon Complete Merger of Equals Transaction". www.rtx.com (Press release). Raytheon Technologies. April 3, 2020. Retrieved April 3, 2020.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Fernandez 1983.
  8. ↑ Fernandez 1983 , p. 246.
  9. ↑ Fernandez 1983 , pp. 246–251.
  10. ↑ Fernandez 1983 , pp. 260–264.
  11. ↑ John Pike. "Sikorsky opens HAWK WORKS™ completion center for military helicopters". GlobalSecurity.org . Retrieved July 3, 2015.
  12. ↑ "Diebold rejects $2.63 billion buyout bid". NBC News. March 3, 2008. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
  13. ↑ Fiachra O Cionnaith (April 27, 2010). "US firm to create almost 100 jobs with 'clean energy research' centre". Irish Examiner . Retrieved July 2, 2019.
  14. ↑ "United Technologies sent military copter tech to China". Reuters. June 28, 2012.
  15. ↑ Winter, Michael (June 28, 2012). "United Technologies sold China software for attack copter". USA Today .
  16. ↑ Nirappil, Fenit (February 12, 2013). "ClearEdge Power finalizes acquisition of UTC Power". The Oregonian . Retrieved February 24, 2013.
  17. ↑ "Toshiba and United Technologies ink deal to expand outside Japan" (Press release). Reuters. October 16, 2014.
  18. ↑ Mann, Ted (February 13, 2016). "Viral Video Over Plant Closure Gets Attention in GOP Debate". The Wall Street Journal . Retrieved March 3, 2016.
  19. ↑ "UTC CEO says no 'quid pro quo' on keeping Indiana plant open". CNBC. December 5, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  20. ↑ "UTEC Leaving Huntington for Mexico at Cost of 700 Jobs".
  21. ↑ Lombardo, Cara; Cameron, Doug (June 10, 2019). "United Technologies Strikes Deal to Merge With Raytheon". Wall Street Journal. ISSN   0099-9660 . Retrieved June 10, 2019.
  22. ↑ Singer, Stephen (June 9, 2019). "United Technologies says it's merging with defense contractor Raytheon and moving headquarters to Boston area from Connecticut". Hartford Courant . Retrieved June 10, 2019.
  23. ↑ "United Technologies Board Of Directors Approves Separation Of Carrier And Otis And Declares Spin Off Distribution Of Carrier And Otis Shares". StreetInsider.com. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 Gershon, Eric (January 1, 2010). "UTC Boss Looks To Make His Mark". Hartford Courant. Vol. CLXXIV, no. 1. Hartford, Connecticut: The Hartford Courant Company. pp. A1, A8 – via Newspapers.com. The main citation is for Page A1; Page A8 appears in this clipping.
  25. ↑ "United Technologies Financial Statements 2005-2018 | UTX". www.macrotrends.net. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  26. ↑ "Fortune 500 Companies 2018: Who Made the List". Fortune . Archived from the original on January 15, 2019. Retrieved November 10, 2018.
  27. ↑ "Without Fanfare, UTC Relocates World Headquarters to a Farmington Office Park". Hartford Courant . Hartford, Connecticut. September 4, 2015. Retrieved August 15, 2017.
  28. ↑ "United Technologies Announces Organization and Leadership Changes To Commercial Businesses". www.utc.com. Archived from the original on July 10, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2016.
  29. ↑ "NORESCO" . Retrieved June 10, 2019.
  30. ↑ Carrier Corporation (November 21, 2008). "Carrier Acquires Noresco to Expand Energy Solutions Capabilities" . Retrieved July 3, 2015.
  31. ↑ "GFI Energy Ventures LLC Completes Sale of NORESCO to Carrier". Bloomberg.
  32. ↑ "United Technologies decides to halt sale of Chubb fire unit". The Gazette. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
  33. ↑ "Home - United Technologies Research Center" . Retrieved July 3, 2015.
  34. ↑ Schweizer acquisition press release Archived April 10, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  35. ↑ "Carrier Acquires Noresco to Expand Energy Solutions Capabilities". Carrier Corporation. November 21, 2008. Archived from the original on December 30, 2013. Retrieved April 25, 2013.
  36. ↑ Clipper Windpower Gets GBP126.5 Million Investment From United Tech [ permanent dead link ]
  37. ↑ "Clipper says UTC to buy 49.5 percent stake". Reuters. December 10, 2009. Retrieved July 3, 2015.
  38. ↑ Terry Macalister (December 10, 2009). "United Technologies Corporation flies to the rescue of Clipper Windpower". The Guardian . Retrieved July 3, 2015.
  39. ↑ UTC aims to take 49.5% of Clipper Windpower Archived March 5, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  40. ↑ UTC to acquire remaining interest in Clipper Windpower North American Windpower, October 18, 2010. Retrieved: October 23, 2010.
  41. ↑ "United Technologies to acquire Goodrich in USD 18.4 bn deal". September 23, 2011. Archived from the original on June 5, 2012. Retrieved September 25, 2011.
  42. ↑ "UTC Building & Industrial Systems Completes CIAT Acquisition". Archived from the original on February 20, 2015. Retrieved June 10, 2019.
  43. ↑ "Lockheed Martin Completes Acquisition of Sikorsky Aircraft · Lockheed Martin". lockheedmartin.com. Retrieved February 18, 2016.
  44. ↑ "United Technologies To Acquire Rockwell Collins For $30 Billion" (Press release). United Technologies. September 4, 2017.
  45. ↑ Craver, Richard (November 27, 2018). "UTC completes $30B deal for Rockwell Collins, announces three-way split of company". Winston-Salem Journal .
  46. ↑ Mattioli, Dana; Gryta, Thomas (November 26, 2018). "United Tech to Break Itself Into Three Companies". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved June 10, 2019– via www.wsj.com.
  47. ↑ "Kidde Fire Safety Products: Shop Smoke Alarms, Carbon Monoxide Detectors, Fire Extinguishers". Kidde Home Safety. Retrieved June 10, 2019.
  48. ↑ "Company History". Norden Retirees Club. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  49. ↑ "Media - Lockheed Martin - Releases". Media - Lockheed Martin. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
  50. ↑ "PZL MIELEC". www.pzlmielec.pl. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
  51. ↑ Kinsman, Susan E. (December 17, 2000). "A THIRST FOR JUICE". courant.com. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
  52. ↑ Dowling, Brian (2013-05-17) "Tokyo Manufacturer Closes On Purchase Of Pratt Land-Turbine Business". The Hartford Courant. Retrieved 2013-08-20.
  53. ↑ "Agribusiness". OpenSecrets. Archived from the original on April 25, 2008.
  54. ↑ Drinkard, Jim (January 17, 2005). "Donors get good seats, great access this week". USA Today. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
  55. ↑ "Financing the inauguration". USA Today. January 16, 2005. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
  56. ↑ "Press Release: Aphrodite and the Gods of Love at Museum of Fine Arts, Boston" (PDF). Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. August 9, 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 19, 2011. Retrieved August 27, 2011.
  57. ↑ Schmidt, Christine (September 14, 2017). "With $2 Million Renovation, the New England Air Museum Entices New Visitors". Hartford Courant. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
  58. ↑ "Corporate Partnership Program". New England Air Museum. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
  59. ↑ "United Technologies and China Friendship Foundation for Peace and Development Announce Education Partnership". www.3blmedia.com. April 2, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
  60. ↑ Cole, J. Michael; Hsu, Szu-Chien (July 30, 2020). Insidious Power: How China Undermines Global Democracy. Eastbridge Books. p. 54. ISBN   978-1-78869-213-7. Archived from the original on September 24, 2020. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
  61. ↑ "Partners". Asia Society . Archived from the original on September 29, 2017. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
  62. ↑ "Toxic 100 Index". Political Economy Research Institute. Archived from the original on July 27, 2010. Retrieved November 26, 2008.
  63. ↑ "United Technologies". The Right-to-Know Network. OMB Watch / Political Economy Research Institute. Archived from the original on December 21, 2008. Retrieved November 26, 2008.
  64. ↑ "United Technologies and the Environment". MNN - Mother Nature Network . Retrieved April 17, 2017.
  65. ↑ Baylor, Matthew (October 26, 2016). "Toxic 100 Air Polluters Index: 2016 Report, Based on 2014 Data)". PERI . Retrieved April 17, 2017.

Bibliography

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.