High tech

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Electrical automotive VinFast plant using industrial robotics technology in Haiphong, Vietnam Vinfast's Electric Car Manufacturing in Vietnam.jpg
Electrical automotive VinFast plant using industrial robotics technology in Haiphong, Vietnam

High technology (high tech or high-tech), also known as advanced technology (advanced tech) or exotechnology, [1] [ failed verification ] is technology that is at the cutting edge: the highest form of technology available. [2] It can be defined as either the most complex or the newest technology on the market. [3] The opposite of high tech is low technology , referring to simple, often traditional or mechanical technology; for example, a slide rule is a low-tech calculating device. [4] [5] [6] When high tech becomes old, it becomes low tech, for example vacuum tube electronics. Further, high tech is related to the concept of mid-tech, that is a balance between the two opposite extreme qualities of low-tech and high tech. Mid-tech could be understood as an inclusive middle that combines the efficiency and versatility of digital/automated technology with low-tech's potential for autonomy and resilience. [7]

Contents

Startups working on high technologies (or developing new high technologies) are sometimes referred to as deep tech; the term may also refer to disruptive innovations or those based on scientific discoveries. [8]

High tech, as opposed to high-touch, may refer to self-service experiences that do not require human interaction. [9]

History

Matam high tech park in Silicon Wadi, Haifa, Israel Matam hi-tech park (Haifa).jpg
Matam high tech park in Silicon Wadi, Haifa, Israel

The phrase was used in a 1958 The New York Times story advocating "atomic energy" for Europe: "... Western Europe, with its dense population and its high technology ...." [10] Robert Metz used the term in a financial column in 1969, saying Arthur H. Collins of Collins Radio "controls a score of high technology patents in a variety of fields" [11] and in a 1971 article used the abbreviated form, "high tech". [12]

A widely used classification of high-technological industries was provided by the OECD in 2006. [13] It is based on the intensity of research and development activities used in these industries within OECD countries, resulting in four distinct categories. [14]

In the 21st century, the high tech industry is a significant part of several advanced economies. [15] The Israeli economy has the highest ratio in the world, with the high tech sector accounting for 20% of the economy. High tech makes up 9.3% of the American economy according to Statista [16] and CTech. [17]

Ranking of startup ecosystems

Multiple cities and hubs have been described as global startup ecosystems. GSER publishes a yearly ranking of global startup ecosystems. [18] [19] The study does yearly reports ranking the top 40 global startup hubs. [20]

2024 RankChange

from 2023

Hub
1Steady2.svg Flag of the United States.svg Silicon Valley
2Steady2.svg Flag of the United Kingdom.svg London
2Steady2.svg Flag of the United States.svg New York City
4Increase2.svg (1) Flag of Israel.svg Tel Aviv
4 Flag of the United States.svg Los Angeles
6 Flag of the United States.svg Boston
7Increase2.svg (1) Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore
8Decrease2.svg (1) Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Beijing
9Increase2.svg (3) Flag of South Korea.svg Seoul
10Increase2.svg (5) Flag of Japan.svg Tokyo
11Decrease2.svg (2) Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Shanghai
12Decrease2.svg (1) Flag of the United States.svg Washington, D.C.
13Increase2.svg (1) Flag of the Netherlands.svg Amsterdam-Delta
14Increase2.svg (4) Flag of France.svg Paris
15Decrease2.svg (2) Flag of Germany.svg Berlin
16Increase2.svg (7) Flag of the United States.svg Miami
17Increase2.svg (2) Flag of the United States.svg Chicago
18Decrease2.svg (1) Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Toronto-Waterloo
19Decrease2.svg (3) Flag of the United States.svg San Diego
20Decrease2.svg (10) Flag of the United States.svg Seattle
21 Flag of India.svg Bengaluru-Karnataka
21 Flag of Australia (converted).svg Sydney
23 Flag of Sweden.svg Stockholm
24 Flag of India.svg Delhi
25Increase2.svg (2) Flag of the United States.svg Philadelphia
26 Flag of Brazil.svg São Paulo
27 Flag of the United States.svg Austin
28Increase2.svg (7) Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Shenzhen
29 Flag of the United States.svg Atlanta
30 Flag of the United States.svg Denver-Boulder
31Increase2.svg (5) Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Zurich
32Increase2.svg (1) Flag of Australia (converted).svg Melbourne
33Increase2.svg (4) Flag of Germany.svg Munich
34 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Vancouver
35 Flag of the United States.svg Salt Lake-Provo
36Increase2.svg (2) Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Hangzhou
37 Flag of India.svg Mumbai
38 Flag of the United States.svg Dallas
39Increase2.svg (1) Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Montreal
40Increase2.svg (1) Flag of Denmark.svg Copenhagen
40 Flag of Finland.svg Greater Helsinki

List of countries by high tech exports

The following is a list of the 15 largest exporting countries of high tech products by value in billions of United States dollars, according to the United Nations. [21]

#CountryValue (billions)Year
1Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 8252023
2Flag of Hong Kong.svg  Hong Kong 3692023
3Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 2552023
4Flag of the United States.svg  United States 2322024
5Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore 1972023
6Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea 1632023
7Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam 1352022
8Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia 1272023
9Flag of France.svg  France 1152023
10Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 1102023
11Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 1022024
12Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland 912023
13Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland 892024
14Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 822023
15Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 812023

See also

References

  1. Advanced technology definition
  2. Cortright, Joseph; Mayer, Heike (January 2001). High Tech Specialization: A Comparison of High Technology Centers (PDF). Brookings Institution, Center on Urban & Metropolitan Policy.
  3. Steenhuis, H.; Bruijn, E. J. De (July 2006). "High technology revisited: Definition and position" (PDF). 2006 IEEE International Conference on Management of Innovation and Technology (PDF). Vol. 2. pp. 1080–1084. doi:10.1109/ICMIT.2006.262389. ISBN   1-4244-0147-X. S2CID   32767300. Archived from the original on 2023-10-28. Retrieved 2023-07-22.
  4. "Know How To Use a Slide Rule? - Slashdot". science.slashdot.org. 28 September 2007. Retrieved 2019-11-04.
  5. "Slide Rules Were the Original Personal Computers". 5 November 2015.
  6. Slide Rules & Calculators https://www.tnmoc.org/slide-rules-calculators
  7. Kostakis, Vasilis; Pazaitis, Alex; Liarokapis, Minas (2023-06-20). "Beyond high-tech versus low-tech: A tentative framework for sustainable urban data governance". BigData&Society. 10 (1) 20539517231180583. doi: 10.1177/20539517231180583 . ISSN   2053-9517.
  8. "What is Deep Tech and which startups are marking the road (not Uber)". Startup Business (in Italian). 2018-04-20. Retrieved 2020-10-13.
  9. Williams, Howard (6 June 2019). "Do Customers Want High Tech or High Touch?". Home Business Magazine. Retrieved 2020-03-22.
  10. "Atomic Power for Europe", The New York Times, February 4, 1958, p. 17.
  11. Metz, Robert (1969). "Market Place: Collins Versus The Middle Man", The New York Times, April 24, 1969, p. 64.
  12. Metz, Robert (1971). "Market Place: So What Made E.D.S. Plunge?", The New York Times, November 11, 1971, p. 72.
  13. Hatzichronoglou, Thomas: "Revision of the High-Technology Sector and Product Classification", OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers, No. 1997/02, OECD Publishing, Paris.
  14. High Tech Trademarks by John Mendenhall, Art Direction Book Co; First Edition (January 1, 1985) ISBN   0881080241
  15. Yu, Zhou (2024). "High-Tech Industry". International Encyclopedia of Geography. pp. 1–5. doi:10.1002/9781118786352.wbieg2200. ISBN   9781118786352.
  16. "Tech GDP as a percent of total U.S. GDP 2022". Statista. Retrieved 2024-06-25.
  17. "For Israeli economy, no substitute for high-tech dominance". ctech. 2024-06-04. Retrieved 2024-06-25.
  18. Genome, Startup. "Startup Genome". Startup Genome. Retrieved 2024-06-13.
  19. Wrobel, Sharon (10 June 2024). "Tel Aviv moves up to 4th place in annual ranking of global tech ecosystems".
  20. "Global Startup Ecosystem Ranking 2024 (Top 40)". Startup Genome. Retrieved 2024-08-15.
  21. High-technology exports (current US$). "United Nations, Comtrade database through the WITS platform".