High technology (high tech or high-tech), also known as advanced technology (advanced tech) or exotechnology, [1] [ failed verification ] is technology that is at the cutting edge: the highest form of technology available. [2] It can be defined as either the most complex or the newest technology on the market. [3] The opposite of high tech is low technology , referring to simple, often traditional or mechanical technology; for example, a slide rule is a low-tech calculating device. [4] [5] [6] When high tech becomes old, it becomes low tech, for example vacuum tube electronics. Further, high tech is related to the concept of mid-tech, that is a balance between the two opposite extreme qualities of low-tech and high tech. Mid-tech could be understood as an inclusive middle that combines the efficiency and versatility of digital/automated technology with low-tech's potential for autonomy and resilience. [7]
Startups working on high technologies (or developing new high technologies) are sometimes referred to as deep tech; the term may also refer to disruptive innovations or those based on scientific discoveries. [8]
High tech, as opposed to high-touch, may refer to self-service experiences that do not require human interaction. [9]
The phrase was used in a 1958 The New York Times story advocating "atomic energy" for Europe: "... Western Europe, with its dense population and its high technology ...." [10] Robert Metz used the term in a financial column in 1969, saying Arthur H. Collins of Collins Radio "controls a score of high technology patents in a variety of fields" [11] and in a 1971 article used the abbreviated form, "high tech". [12]
A widely used classification of high-technological industries was provided by the OECD in 2006. [13] It is based on the intensity of research and development activities used in these industries within OECD countries, resulting in four distinct categories. [14]
In the 21st century, the high tech industry is a significant part of several advanced economies. [15] The Israeli economy has the highest ratio in the world, with the high tech sector accounting for 20% of the economy. High tech makes up 9.3% of the American economy according to Statista [16] and CTech. [17]
Multiple cities and hubs have been described as global startup ecosystems. GSER publishes a yearly ranking of global startup ecosystems. [18] [19] The study does yearly reports ranking the top 40 global startup hubs. [20]
2024 Rank | Change from 2023 | Hub |
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The following is a list of the 15 largest exporting countries of high tech products by value in billions of United States dollars, according to the United Nations. [21]
# | Country | Value (billions) | Year |
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1 | ![]() | 825 | 2023 |
2 | ![]() | 369 | 2023 |
3 | ![]() | 255 | 2023 |
4 | ![]() | 232 | 2024 |
5 | ![]() | 197 | 2023 |
6 | ![]() | 163 | 2023 |
7 | ![]() | 135 | 2022 |
8 | ![]() | 127 | 2023 |
9 | ![]() | 115 | 2023 |
10 | ![]() | 110 | 2023 |
11 | ![]() | 102 | 2024 |
12 | ![]() | 91 | 2023 |
13 | ![]() | 89 | 2024 |
14 | ![]() | 82 | 2023 |
15 | ![]() | 81 | 2023 |