Uralmash

Last updated
Uralmash
Type Joint-stock company
IndustryMachinery
Founded1933
Headquarters,
Russia
Revenue13,900,000,000 Russian ruble (2020)  OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
−3,425,000,000 (2019)  OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Number of employees
2,057 (2020)  OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Parent OMZ
Website uralmash.ru
T-34 tanks produced at Uralmash (1942) RIAN archive 1274 Tanks going to the front.jpg
T-34 tanks produced at Uralmash (1942)
A bucket of one of the first Uralmash dragline excavators with a Pobeda car parked on it, 1952 Ural Bucket.jpg
A bucket of one of the first Uralmash dragline excavators with a Pobeda car parked on it, 1952

Uralmash is a heavy machine production business of the Russian engineering corporation OMZ. [1] Its facility is located in Yekaterinburg, Russia, and it is reported to employ around 16,500 people. [2] The surrounding residential area where workers live is also called Uralmash.

Contents

Uralmash (Russian : Уралмаш) is an abbreviation of Уральский Машиностроительный Завод, Ural’s’kiy Mashinostroitelnyy Zavod, literally ‘Urals Machine-Building Plant.' Historically, the plant was also called Уральский Завод Тяжелого Машиностроения, Ural’s’kiy Zavod Tyazhelogo Mashinostroyeniya, ‘Ural Heavy Machinery Plant’ or УЗТМ, UZTM, and for a time carried the honorary name of Ordzhonikidze Ural Heavy Machinery Plant, after Grigoriy Ordzhonikidze.

History

The construction of the Ural Heavy Machinery Plant began in 1926, and in 1928 a special "socialist city  [ ru ]" for its workers was also elected. [3] The plant began operations in 1933 in compliance with the plans of the Government of the USSR for the industrialization of the country. [4] [5] During the pre-World War II period, Uralmash was dependent on foreign specialists and equipment. It was reported, for instance, that the majority of the plant's machinery was provided by foreign companies "Hydraulik, Schlemann and Wagner", "Krigar", "Sheppard", "AEG", "Mars-Werke", and others. [6] The plant manufactured its products (blast furnace equipment, sintering machines, rolling mills, presses, cranes, etc.) for the mining and metallurgical industries located in the Urals and Siberia. The majority of these products were produced from individual designs. At the same time the plant began to develop military equipment, with the production of the F.F. Petrov designed Howitzer M-30. [7]

During World War II large-scale production of armoured materiel was organized at the plant. At first the plant manufactured armoured tank hulls, but in 1942, Uralmash started producing T-34 tanks and the SU-122 assault gun. [8] [9] A year later, the plant expanded its production of assault guns and began to manufacture SU-85, SU-100, and tank destroyers based on the basic T-34 design. [10] The self-propelled gun mounts built at Uralmash demonstrated their effectiveness on the battlefield as a successful combination of maneuverability of T-34 tanks and huge firepower of ordnance pieces. The plant also produced more than 100 SU-76i assault guns, a variant of the original Soviet SU-76 based upon the chassis and hulls of captured German Panzer III tanks and StuG III assault guns/tank destroyers, most of which fell into Soviet hands following the German defeat at the Battle of Stalingrad in early 1943. [11]

After World War II, the state made large investments in the reconstruction and expansion of the Uralmash plant. This modernisation favoured both increased output and the production of new machines and equipment—shovels, drilling rigs, crushers and mills. [6] [12]

In the 1950s, the state began efforts to equip the aviation and rocket industries with heavy hydraulic presses. Uralmash, in response to this new demand, created a range of this type of equipment. [13]

Uralmash-manufactured dragline excavator in the Narva oil shale open pit mine in Estonia. Dragline excavator in the Baltic Oil Shale Basin.jpg
Uralmash-manufactured dragline excavator in the Narva oil shale open pit mine in Estonia.

In 1949 the plant produced the first dragline excavator. [13] In 1960s the plant designed and manufactured draglines with booms 90–100 m long. Now[ when? ] more than 200 walking draglines are in operation at mines in Siberia and the Far East. One third of the total coal amount produced by the open casting is[ when? ] mined with the help of draglines.[ citation needed ]

The drilling rigs manufactured by Uralmash were of prime importance in the development of oil and gas regions of the USSR, including West Siberia, with its severe climate. The extra deep drilling rigs designed and manufactured at the plant made it possible to reach the depth of 13 km, like at the Kola Superdeep Borehole, and to obtain for the first time rock samples approximately 3 billion years old. [14] In addition to land-based rigs, Uralmash also designs off-shore drilling equipment. [15]

In 1971, Uralmash became the head enterprise of an industrial association. The association also embraced Heavy Machine Research Institute, Upper Pyshminsk Plant of Metal Constructions and Drilling Structures, Nevyansk Casting and Forging Plant, Bulanash Assembly Plant, Sverdlovsk Plant of Drilling and Metallurgical Equipment, and Sverdlovsk Mine Equipment Factory. [6]

For at least part of the late 1980s and early 1990s, the plant was controlled, at least in part, by the Uralmash gang, a racketeering organization. [16]

Uralmash entrance gate in 2019 Yekaterinburg Uralmash 005 4268.jpg
Uralmash entrance gate in 2019

In accordance with Russian Federation law, Uralmash was transformed in December 1992 into an open-end joint stock company under the name "The Ural Heavy Machine Building Plant". [17] In 1996 Uralmash became a part of OMZ, one of Russia's largest engineering corporations, founded and initially led by Kakha Bendukidze. [18] [19]

In 2005, Gazprom purchased a controlling stake in OMZ and Uralmash. [20]

In February 2007, OMZ and Metalloinvest agreed to create a common manufacturing complex. OMZ contributed its holdings in Uralmash to the joint venture while Metalloinvest contributed its holdings in ORMETO-YuUMZ. [21] The consolidation resulted in the creation of a large machine-building conglomerate with a leading position in the CIS metallurgical equipment market with a joint market share in the metallurgical equipment segment in Russia exceeding 40%.

The first director of Uralmash was A. P. Bannikov. Oleg Danchenk served as General Director starting in 2009. [22] Danchenko and First Deputy and Director-General of Uralmash-Engineering Boris Belman resigned their positions at the company in March 2016. [23] The current General Director of Uralmash is Sokolov Sergey Olegovich. [24]

In 2016, Uralmash and Indian steel manufacturer SRB International announced that they were embarking on a joint venture to produce heavy equipment for the Indian steel and mining sector. [25]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kola Superdeep Borehole</span> Soviet scientific deep drilling project

The Kola Superdeep BoreholeSG-3 is the result of a scientific drilling project of the Soviet Union in the Pechengsky District, near the Russian border with Norway, on the Kola Peninsula. The project attempted to drill as deep as possible into the Earth's crust.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Uralvagonzavod</span> Russian machine-building and military manufacturer

UralVagonZavod is a Russian machine-building company located in Nizhny Tagil, Russia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Machine Sazi Arak</span>

Machine Sazi Arak (MSA) is an Iranian industrial machinery and equipment manufacturing corporation that was established in 1967 in an area of 134 hectares in the city of Arak in order to support underlying industries and meet the industrial needs of the country.

JSC Votkinsk Machine Building Plant is a machine and ballistic missile production enterprise based in Votkinsk, Republic of Udmurtia, Russia. Its production includes the RS-24 Yars intercontinental ballistic missile, Russia's most recent ICBM development, as well as the submarine-launched Bulava SLBM.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">VSMPO-AVISMA</span> Metallurgy company

VSMPO-AVISMA Corporation is the world's largest titanium producer. Located in Verkhnyaya Salda, Russia, VSMPO-AVISMA also operates facilities in Ukraine, England, Switzerland, Germany, United States. The company produces titanium, aluminum, magnesium and steel alloys. VSMPO-AVISMA does a great deal of business with aerospace companies around the world, such as Boeing and Airbus.

Metalloinvest Management Company LLC is a Russian mining and metallurgy company specializing in the manufacture of steel. It was founded in 1999 and is composed of a mining division and a steel division. USM Holdings Business Development owns 100% of Metalloinvest JSC. Alisher Usmanov is the major beneficiary of USM Holdings (60%), with other major beneficiaries — the companies of Andrei Skoch and Farhad Moshiri — owning 30% and 10%, respectively.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Krasny Oktyabr (steel plant)</span> Russian company

Volgogradskiy Metallurgicheskiy Zavod Krasny Oktyabr is a Russian closed joint-stock company which maintains the Krasny Oktyabr factory, one of the largest Russian metallurgy facilities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Izhorskiye Zavody</span>

Izhorskiye Zavody or Izhora Plants is a Russian machine building joint stock company (OAO) belonging to the OMZ Group. It operates a major manufacturing plant in Kolpino, Saint Petersburg.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volgotanker</span>

Volgotanker is a Russian company engaged in the business of tank storage,transporting oil and oil products by tanker ship along the inland waterways and coastal seas of European Russia. It is headquartered in Samara.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Heavy Machinery</span>

United Heavy Machinery or Uralmash-Izhora Group, is a large Russia-based international heavy industry and manufacturing conglomerate. OMZ manufactures a wide range of steel, custom and industrial components for nuclear power plants, petrochemical and mining operations and utilities. In particular OMZ is a manufacturer of reactor pressure vessels for the VVER type of nuclear reactors and the manufacturer of EKG open-cut mining power shovels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joy Global</span>

Joy Global Inc. was a company that manufactured and serviced heavy equipment used in the extraction and haulage of coal and minerals in both underground and surface mining. The company had manufacturing facilities in Alabama, Pennsylvania, Texas, Wisconsin, Australia, Canada, China, France, South Africa, Poland and the United Kingdom. In 2017, Joy Global was acquired by Komatsu Limited and was renamed Komatsu Mining Corp.

V.N. Shimanovsky Ukrainian Institute of Steel Construction is a Ukrainian scientific research and design organization that specializes in the design and construction of bridges, towers, plants, stadiums and other structures in Ukraine, the former Soviet republics and other countries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Boris Poliakov</span> Russian scientist

Boris Nikolaevich Poliakov is a Russian scientist, professor of Mechanical Engineering, and member of the Academy of Engineering Sciences of the Russian Federation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Titan-Barrikady</span> Russian defense manufacturer

Titan-Barrikady is a military-industrial company based in Volgograd, Russia. It was formed in 1914, after the merger between the Barrikady Production Association and the Titan Design Bureau. It is a subsidiary of the Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Uraltransmash</span> Company in Russia

Uraltransmash is a company based in Yekaterinburg, Russia. Currently it is a subsidiary of Uralvagonzavod.

UCP Investment Group is an independent asset management company investing in publicly traded securities and private companies with a primary focus on the Russian market.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kopeysk Machine-Building plant</span> Manufacturing facility in Russia

The Kopeysk Machine-Building plant is Russia's largest manufacturer of Mineral processing equipment and mining equipment, situated in Kopeysk, Chelyabinsk, Russia. Its products have been sold in over 30 countries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ural Turbine Works</span> Energy equipment manufacturer in Yekaterinburg, Russia

The Ural Turbine Works is a power machine building plant that designs, manufactures, and maintains steam turbines of varying capacity. The plant is located in Yekaterinburg. Mikhail Lifshitz is Chairman of the Board of Directors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tomskneft</span> Russian oil company

JSC Tomskneft VNK — is a Russian oil and gas company, headquartered in Strezhevoy, Russia. Founded in 1966, Tomskneft is one of the largest companies of the Tomsk region and Siberia. As of 2022, the Independent Oil Company and Gazpromneft own 50% of the company respectively.

«Sibur-RT JSC», formerly known as «TAIF JSC», is a Russian investment holding and oil company, headquartered in Kazan. As of 2008, it processed up to 98% gas and chemical and petrochemical products in the Tatarstan region. By 2015, it incorporated a number of subsidiary companies, including TAIF-Invest, TAIF-ST, TAIF Service, Avers bank, Avers insurance company, TVT and Novy Vek television companies, Karsar and TAIF-Telecom. In 2019, the company was listed among the largest private-owned corporations in Russia. In April 2021, it merged with the Sibur petrochemicals holding. In April 2022, the company changed its name to «Sibur-RT JSC».

References

  1. "Uralmash NGO Holding, LLC - General information about the company". www.oil-gas.ru. Retrieved 2016-04-13.
  2. o., it2b s. r. "PILSEN STEEL s.r.o. | OMZ Group". www.pilsensteel.cz. Retrieved 2016-04-13.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. Luchenko 2016.
  4. Russian Studies, Political Science, and the Philosophy of Technology 2022, p. 33.
  5. "History". www.uralmash.ru. Archived from the original on 2016-04-24. Retrieved 2016-04-13.
  6. 1 2 3 Benua 2015.
  7. Shunkov 2005, p. 90.
  8. Kolomiets 2017, p. 307.
  9. Pulham, Kerrs 2021.
  10. Bakurskyi, Solomonov 2020, p. 66-67.
  11. Zaloga 2019.
  12. Bakunin 1967, p. 260.
  13. 1 2 "Вехи Уралмашзавода" (in Russian). RIA.ru. 2018. Retrieved April 26, 2022.
  14. Team, Pechenga.Ru. "| Kola Superdeep | Кольская Сверхглубокая | Сайт легендарной СГ-3|". superdeep.pechenga.ru. Retrieved 2016-04-13.
  15. "New rig setting the standard | Our stories | Barentsnova". barentsnova.com. Retrieved 2016-04-13.
  16. "«Уралмаш». Часть 1. Сообщество авторитетных ребят" (in Russian). Kommersant. May 3, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2022.
  17. Виктор Смирнов (December 5, 1992). "Промышленный гигант преобразован в акционерное общество" (in Russian). Kommersant. Retrieved April 26, 2022.
  18. "Бендукидзе Каха Автандилович. Личное дело" (in Russian). Kommersant. November 14, 2014. Retrieved April 26, 2022.
  19. "«Все просили денег, а он свободы»: жизнь и дела Кахи Бендукидзе" (in Russian). Rbc.ru. November 17, 2014. Retrieved April 26, 2022.
  20. "Gazprom Admits to OMZ Buy | News". The Moscow Times. Retrieved 2016-04-13.
  21. Сергей Антонов, Дмитрий Беликов, Алексей Охлопков (April 9, 2010). "Корпорация «Уралмаш» разъехалась" (in Russian). Kommersant. Retrieved April 26, 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  22. "Uralmash Machine-Building Corporation: Private Company Information - Businessweek". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 2016-04-13.
  23. "Ural Heavy Engineering Plant's DG Oleg Danchenko Resigns » .:: Information analytical agency "UralBusinessConsulting" ::". en.urbc.ru. Retrieved 2016-04-13.
  24. "Uralmash Machine-Building Corporation: Private Company Information - Businessweek". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 2016-04-13.
  25. Upadhyay, Dadan; RIR, specially for (2016-03-03). "'Make in India': Uralmash & SRB tie up to make heavy equipment". www.rbth.com. Retrieved 2020-02-10.

Literature