Urocystidales

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Urocystidales
Urocystis colchici var. cepulae on an onion seedling.jpg
Urocystis colchici on onions
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Ustilaginomycetes
Order: Urocystidales
R. Bauer & Oberw., 1997 [1]
Synonyms [2]
  • Urocystidiales R. Bauer & Oberw.
  • Urocystales R. Bauer & Oberw.

The Urocystidales are an order of fungi within the class Ustilaginomycetes. The order contains 6 families and about 400 genera. They are a sister order to Ustilaginales.

Contents

Urocystidales is also known and classified as the smut fungi. [3] They are serious plant pathogens, Urocystis , is one of the representative genera of the order, it is an example of a smut genus that has a wide host range. The type species Urocystis occulta (Wallr.) A.A. Fisch. Waldh (1867), was described as a pathogen on rye ( Secale cereale ). [4] They are found in marine and terrestrial environments. [1] The aquatic members of the Doassansiopsis genera are found in the tropics or subtropics. [5]

Morphology

They are distinguished from other fungi by the existence of haustoria (root-like structure) and pores in the septa of soral hyphae. [6] [7]

Families

It was formed in 1997, [7] and consisted (then) of 4 families, (Doassansiopsidaceae,Glomosporiaceae, Melanotaeniaceae and Urocystidaceae with 1 genus. [8]

Later, Melanotaeniaceae was moved to the Ustilaginales order by Begerow et al. in 2006, [6] [9] and others were added such as Fereydouniaceae and Floromycetaceae in 2014 S. Nasr, Soudi, H.D.T. Nguyen, M. Lutz & Piątek, and Mycosyringaceae in 2008. [6] [10]

As accepted by GBIF [11] and others; [12]

Figures in brackets are approx. how many species per family. [11]

Note the DNA of family Doassansiopsidaceae has been studied. [14]

Ecology

The leaves of the water-lily ( Nymphaea nouchali ) can be affected by the water-born fungi, Doassansiopsis nymphaea. [15]

The leaves of Caldesia parnassifolia (Alisma reniforme) can be affected by the water-born fungi, Doassansiopsis hydrophila(A.Dietr.) Lavrov (syn Doassansiopsis martianoffiana). [16]

References

  1. 1 2 "Urocystidales". www.marinespecies.org. WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  2. ↑ Urocystidales in MycoBank.
  3. ↑ Lutz, Matthias; Vánky, Kálmán; Bauer, Robert (2012). "Melanoxa, a new genus in the Urocystidales (Ustilaginomycotina)". Mycological Progress. 11 (1): 149–158. Bibcode:2012MycPr..11..149L. doi:10.1007/s11557-010-0737-7.
  4. ↑ "Urocystis occulta CBS 102.71 v1.0". mycocosm.jgi.doe.gov. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  5. ↑ E. B. Gareth Jones, Kevin D Hyde and Ka-Lai Pang (editors) Freshwater Fungi: and Fungal-like Organisms (2014) , p. 113, at Google Books
  6. 1 2 3 David J. McLaughlin and Joseph W. Spatafora (editors) Systematics and Evolution: Part A, Part 1 (2014) , p. 318, at Google Books
  7. 1 2 R., Bauer; F., Oberwinkler; K., Vánky (1997). "Ultrastructural markers and systematics in smut fungi and allied taxa". Can. J. Bot. 75 (8): 1273–1314. Bibcode:1997CaJB...75.1273B. doi:10.1139/b97-842.
  8. ↑ Geoffrey Clough Ainsworth Ainsworth & Bisby's Dictionary of the Fungi (2008) , p. 715, at Google Books
  9. ↑ Begerow D, Stoll M, Bauer R.2006. A phylogenetic hypothesis of Ustilaginomycotina based on multiple gene analyses and morphological data. Mycologia 98: 906–916
  10. ↑ Vánky K, Lutz M, Bauer R.2008. About the genus Thecaphora (Glomosporiaceae) and its new synonyms. Mycological Progress 7: 31–39
  11. 1 2 "Urocystidales". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 14 August 2022.
  12. ↑ Outline of Basidiomycota, Mao-Qiang He, Rui-Lin Zhao, in Encyclopedia of Mycology, 2021
  13. ↑ Vánky, Kálmán; Lutz, Matthias; Bauer, Robert (2008). "About the genus Thecaphora (Glomosporiaceae) and its new synonyms". Mycological Progress. 7: 31–39. Bibcode:2008MycPr...7...31V. doi:10.1007/s11557-007-0550-0.
  14. ↑ Begerow, D., Bauer, R. & Oberwinkler, F. 1998. Phylogenetic studies on nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences of smut fungi and related taxa. – Canadian Journal of Botany 75 [1997]: 2045-2056.
  15. ↑ Dr.V.R. Patil Research on Fresh water fungi (2015) , p. 113, at Google Books
  16. ↑ B D Borse, K N Borse, S Y Patil, C M Pawara, L C Nemade and V R Patil Freshwater Higher Fungi of India (2015) , p. 178, at Google Books

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