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Ediacaria is a fossil genus dating to the Ediacaran Period of the Neoproterozoic Era. Unlike most Ediacaran biota which disappeared almost entirely from the fossil record at the end of the Period, Ediacaria fossils have been found dating from the Baikalian age of the Upper Riphean to 501 million years ago, well into the Cambrian Period. Ediacaria consists of concentric rough circles, radial lines between the circles and a central dome, with a diameter from 1 to 70 cm.
Isoxys is a genus of extinct, pelagic bivalved arthropod; the various species may have been roam-swimming predators. It had a pair of large spherical eyes, and two large appendages, which have led to speculation that it may be related to the great appendage arthropods.
Czatkobatrachus is an extinct genus of Early Triassic (Olenekian) salientian amphibians. It was first described in 1998 based on fossils found in the Czatkowice 1 quarry in Poland. It is, with Triadobatrachus, one of the two oldest known lissamphibians. More precisely, it is a member of Salientia; it is related to, but outside Anura, the taxon that includes all extant frogs. It is known only from the early Triassic of Poland. Its vertebral column may have been short as in other salientians, but the exact count is unknown. It had a short tail, and an elongated ilium.
Dollosuchus is an extinct tomistomine. It is a basal form possibly related to Kentisuchus, according to several phylogenetic analyses that have been conducted in recent years, and is the oldest known tomistomine to date. Fossils have been found from Belgium and the United Kingdom. It had large supratemporal fenestrae in relation to its orbits, similar to Kentisuchus and Thecachampsa.
Marrellomorphs are a group of arthropods known from the Cambrian to the Early Devonian. They lacked mineralised hard parts, so are only known from areas of exceptional preservation, limiting their fossil distribution.
Ferganosuchus is an extinct genus of gavialid crocodilian. The genus is thought to be a tomistomine, although it has been suggested that Ferganosuchus may be a more basal gavialoid. Fossils have been found in the region of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan that date back the middle Eocene. The genus is well known from fairly complete specimens, unlike most other Asian tomistomines, whose remains tend to be more fragmentary.
The palaeoscolecids are a group of extinct ecdysozoan worms resembling armoured priapulids. They are known from the Lower Cambrian to the late Silurian; they are mainly found as disarticulated sclerites, but are also preserved in many of the Cambrian lagerstätten. They take their name from the typifying genus Palaeoscolex.
Cricocosmia is a genus of palaeoscolecid worm from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang biota.
Kentisuchus is an extinct genus of tomistomine crocodylian. It is considered one of the most basal members of the subfamily. Fossils have been found from England and France that date back to the early Eocene. The genus has also been recorded from Ukraine, but it unclear whether specimens from Ukraine are referable to Kentisuchus.
Eldonia is an extinct soft-bodied cambroernid animal of unknown affinity, best known from the Fossil Ridge outcrops of the Burgess Shale, particularly in the 'Great Eldonia layer' in the Walcott Quarry. In addition to the 550 collected by Walcott, 224 specimens of Eldonia are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise 0.43% of the community. Species also occur in the Chengjiang biota, and in Upper Ordovician strata of Morocco.
Oesia disjuncta is a monospecific genus known from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale. 1147 specimens of Oesia are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise 2.18% of the community. Despite some similarities to the chaetognaths, its affinity is unknown, though recent data suggest it may be affiliated with hemichordates.
Ellipsocephalus is an extinct genus of blind trilobite that lived during the Cambrian. The genus comprises benthic species inhabiting deep, poorly lit or aphotic habitats. E. hoffi is a common trilobite mainly from central Europe.
Vologdinella is a genus of Middle Cambrian fossils that, while historically aligned to the cephalopods, has since been removed from this group. It contains a single species, Vologdinella antiqua, which was originally described by A. G. Vologdin from the Chinguiz Mountains in Kazakhstan and was made the type species of Vologdinella by Z. G. Balashov in 1962. The organism bears superficial resemblance to Agmata such as Volborthella and Salterella, but Yochelson & Kisselev (2003) considered it to be not related to them.
Mackinnonia is a genus of small shelly fossil comprising straight or slightly coiled shells of the helcionelloid type. The outer surface of their shell is smooth, whereas the inner surface has a net-like ridges. They are known from late Early Cambrian rocks across North America and Greenland.
Olenecoceras is a genus of Middle Cambrian fossil that, once believed to be a cephalopod, has since been excluded from that group. The genus was established by Z. G. Balashov in 1966, from the river Olenyok.
Cambroclaves are a group of enigmatic, phosphatized, hollow spine-shaped sclerites, known from their geographically widespread Early to Middle Cambrian fossils. They were probably originally aragonitic. They are lobate with long spines protruding centrally; these spines are in some cases pillar-like, constituted of a bundle rods with an Ionic-like appearance. It has been suggested that they represent the spicules of an ecdysozoan worm.
Multiplacophora is a stem-group of chitons with a number of plates arranged in 7 rows along the body. They date to at least the Upper Cambrian, but two lower Cambrian fossils- Ocruranus and Trachyplax - may extend the range downwards.
Jerzy Dzik is a Polish paleontologist.
Protoconodonts are an extinct taxonomic group of conodonts or, possibly, Chaetognaths.
References
- ↑ Dzik, J. (1991). "Is fossil evidence consistent with traditional views of the early metazoan phylogeny?". In Conway Morris, S.; Simonetta, A. The Early Evolution of Metazoa and Significance of Problematic Taxa (PDF). Cambridge University Press. pp. 47–56.
- ↑ Masiak, M.; Żylińska, A. (1994). "Burgess Shale-type fossils in Cambrian sandstones of the Holy Cross Mountains". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica . 39 (4): 329–340.
- ↑ Stasińska, A. (1960). "Velumbrella czarnockii n. gen., n. sp. - Meduse du Cambrien Inferieur des Monts de Sainte-Croix" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica . 5 (3): 337–346.
- ↑ Zhu, M. (2002). "Révision des animaux discoïdes cambriens Stellostomites eumorphus et Pararotadiscus guizhouensis de Chine du Sud". Geobios . 35 (2): 165. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(02)00025-6.
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