Victoria Barracks, Melbourne

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Victoria Barracks
Victoria Barracks, Melbourne.jpg
Victoria Barracks, Melbourne
General information
Architectural style Renaissance Revival
Town or city Melbourne
Country Australia
Coordinates 37°49′39″S144°58′14″E / 37.827391°S 144.970447°E / -37.827391; 144.970447
Construction started1856 [1]
Completed1872

Victoria Barracks Melbourne is an Australian Government building located on St Kilda Road in Melbourne, Australia. It was constructed in the mid-to-late 19th century as barracks for British colonial forces in Australia and was the headquarters of the Department of Defence from 1901 to 1953, also housing Australia's war cabinet during World War II. It is still used as a Department of Defence administrative centre in the present day.

Contents

History

US Army Pacific commanding general Charles A. Flynn and III MEF commander Roger B. Turner meets chief of the Australian Army Simon Stuart and Japanese Chief of JGSDF Morishita Yasunori at Victoria Barracks in Melbourne US Army Pacific Commander Meets with Allied Army and Marine Leaders for Summit on Strengthening Deterrence.webp
US Army Pacific commanding general Charles A. Flynn and III MEF commander Roger B. Turner meets chief of the Australian Army Simon Stuart and Japanese Chief of JGSDF Morishita Yasunori at Victoria Barracks in Melbourne

Victoria Barracks was originally built as accommodation for British troops, including the 12th and 40th Regiment of Foot who were involved in putting down the armed Eureka Stockade rebellion in Ballarat, Victoria, [2] and later the Colony of Victoria's colonial forces. [3] The earliest building (G Block) at Victoria Barracks was built by soldiers of the 40th Regiment, [4] under the supervision of a Royal Engineer officer, from 1856 to 1858, while the remaining buildings were built by civil contractors with the original bluestone buildings between 1856 and 1872.

The Barracks housed the Department of Defence following the Federation of Australia in 1901. A large extension, A Block New Wing, was added to accommodate the Department of Defence in 1917; while it looked like the original A Block building, the construction method and interior were completely modern for the time.

In 1936 the Repatriation Commission took control of a parcel of land on the corner of St Kilda Road and Coventry Street to establish the Repatriation Commission Outpatient Clinic, which opened on 15 November 1937. The day clinic was designed by Commonwealth architect George Hallendal in an Art Deco style for World War I veterans.

Another modern art deco building, M Block, was added in 1939 and the floor was the first continuous concrete pour in Australia. The Barracks were named in honour of Queen Victoria. There are also Victoria Barracks in Sydney and Brisbane.

During World War II, Victoria Barracks Melbourne housed the Australian War Cabinet, composed of senior MP's from the Government and Opposition parties. The Defence Secretariat occupied the second floor of A Block New Wing which also contained the office of senior military staff, the Secretary of the Department Defence (Sir Frederick Shedden), visiting Ministers of State and their secretaries and support staff, and the War Cabinet room. The wartime Prime Ministers (Robert Menzies and later John Curtin) also had offices near the War Cabinet Room throughout the war.

Eric Nave's Navy cryptographic unit was at Victoria Barracks until it moved to FRUMEL.

Myth has it that the United States Army General Douglas MacArthur had an office at the barracks; however this is not true as his HQ was at the Hotel Australia in the Melbourne CBD.[ citation needed ] It was in fact General Sir Thomas Blamey who had his HQ at the barracks while serving as Commander-in-Chief, Australian Military Forces, and simultaneously in international command as Commander-in-Chief Allied Land Forces in the South-West Pacific Area under MacArthur.

Present day

Victoria Barracks Melbourne currently accommodates:

Non-Defence organisations within Victoria Barracks include:

A number of facilities within Victoria Barracks are named after notable military events, people or places. These include:

On 15 August 1994 a parcel of land from Victoria Barracks was sold at a concessional rate to Defence and ABC Child Care Association Incorporated (ABN 42996351638) for $1. [6]

The former Repatriation Commission Outpatient Clinic built prior to World War II was handed back to Defence in 1980 and was used as the Maintenance Engineering Agency (MEA) until December 1995. The former Repatriation Clinic has been empty since 1995. The Department of Defence indicated in May 2015 the former Repatriation Clinic would be sold. After several attempts to sell the property commercially, and via off market sale to the State Government of Victoria and then City of Melbourne failed the property was withdrawn from the disposal list in February 2022.

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References

  1. ↑ "THE MILITARY BARRACKS". The Age . No. 2, 390. Victoria, Australia. 24 June 1862. p. 6. Retrieved 12 May 2017– via National Library of Australia., ...The military barracks on the St. Kilda road, the building of which was commenced some five years ago...
  2. ↑ Percival, Alan. "The "Battle" of the Eureka Stockade 1854: the 40th Foot in the Australian goldfields". Lancashire Infantry Museum.
  3. ↑ Marmion, Robert (March 2009). "Chapter 1: the need for a colonial defence scheme in Victoria". Gibraltar of the south: defending Victoria: an analysis of colonial defence in Victoria, 1851-1901 (PhD thesis). University of Melbourne. p. 43. OCLC   465044787 . Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  4. ↑ Hannan, Agnes (1995). Victoria Barracks Melbourne: a social history. Canberra, ACT: Australian Defence Force Journal. p. 9. ISBN   0646262513.
  5. ↑ "Heritage Homes of the Australian Defence Force - New South Wales" (PDF). Defence Housing Australia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2011. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
  6. ↑ "Land Acquisition Act" (pdf). APH. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
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