Worthing Downland Estate

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Worthing Downland Estate
Signpost south of Cissbury Ring - geograph.org.uk - 868818.jpg
View across the top of Mount Carvey, with the sea beyond
England relief location map.jpg
Red pog.svg
Location West Sussex, England
Nearest city Worthing, West Sussex, England
Coordinates 50°51′37″N0°22′46″W / 50.860141°N 0.37932°W / 50.860141; -0.37932 Coordinates: 50°51′37″N0°22′46″W / 50.860141°N 0.37932°W / 50.860141; -0.37932
Area150 acres (61 ha)
Established1930s
Governing bodyWorthing Borough Council, Adur District Council, South Downs National Park Authority, Natural England

The Worthing Downland Estate, Worthing Downs or Worthing Downland, is an area of land in the South Downs National Park in West Sussex, England, close to the town of Worthing. It was bought by the public, following threats to the beauty spot of Cissbury Ring and the surrounding farmland, which led to a public campaign purchases in the 1930s. It is currently owned and managed, on behalf of the public, by Worthing Borough Council.

Contents

Location

The land lies in the north of the borough of Worthing in West Sussex. To the north lies Cissbury Ring, which is owned by the National Trust; to the west lies the Worthing suburb of Findon Valley and to the south lies Charmandean Lane in the Worthing suburb of Broadwater. Three golf courses lie to the south and were formerly part of the Worthing Downland Estate. Two golf courses are part of Worthing Golf Club and a further course forms part of Hill Barn Golf Club.

Ancient history

Plough disturbed sites at Mount Carvey and High Salvington remain a possible sites of neolithic flint mines. The downs north of Worthing held the greatest concentration of flint mines in neolithic Britain. [1]

The remains of a trackway that follows the ridge of Tenants Hill can be seen. It was in use from the early Iron Age to Roman periods (between around 800BC to 409AD). [2] The trackway extends south to Charmandean Lane, which in Broadwater turns into a footpath known as the Quashetts, which becomes Worthing High Street and finally the Steyne before reaching the sea. [3] It is likely that Worthing's Roman grid system of centuriation would have been based on this ancient track. [3] To the north the track extended to Cissbury Ring and from there continued northwards to Chanctonbury Ring and into the Weald. The track would have been used as a droveway for the seasonal movement of livestock or transhumance in the summer months into the forest of the Weald. One of the track's northern destinations would have been 'Little Broadwater', 17 miles (27 km) to the north of Broadwater and about 19 miles (31 km) north of Worthing seafront. This area, which includes the remains of Sedgwick Castle, remained an outlying part of the parish of Broadwater until its amalgamation with the parish of Nuthurst in 1877. [4]

Modern history

Purchase in 1930s

Throughout the 1920s and 1930s large the Brighton and Eastbourne Corporations bought up large tracts of downland to protect them from development. [5] It was at this period that concern about development also saw the formation of groups such as the Society of Sussex Downsmen (later the South Downs Society and now the Friends of the South Downs ). In the 1930s geographer Vaughan Cornish advocated a national park for the South Downs between the rivers Arun and Adur, believing that the eastern downs would be looked after by Brighton and Eastbourne Councils and the western downs were too wooded to be representative of the South Downs. [6] At Findon Valley, Thakeham Rural District Council has approved considerable building of bungalows and this was seen as threatening the integrity of the Iron Age hillfort of Cissbury Ring. With the help of Worthing residents, the National Trust bought land at Cissbury Ring in 1925 to protect it from development. [7]

Worthing Corporation (the forerunner to present-day Worthing Borough Council) continued this trend around Worthing in the 1930s. Between 1933 and 1939, the Worthing Corporation purchased 1,000 acres (405 ha) acres of open downland north of Worthing, mostly in the parish of Broadwater and at High Salvington. [8] In 1939 the Worthing Corporation purchased 72 acres (29 ha) acres of land at High Salvington. This land adjoined another 59 acres (24 ha) acres that were purchased around the same time. [9] When land at High Salvington had been threatened with development, Worthing resident, the actress Nancy Price, wrote to The Times newspaper which raised money by public subscription which allowed the Worthing Corporation to purchase the land. [10] Nancy Price raised almost £7,000, included donations from Caroline Kipling and Ada Galsworthy, the wives of Sussex-based novelists Rudyard Kipling and John Galsworthy. [11]

At the time of the transaction the Town Clerk of the Worthing Corporation stated, “Most of it is land over which the public is free to roam at will and which will remain undeveloped for ever. It is a tremendous and valuable lung in view of the continuous encroachment of bricks and mortar on all parts of the south coast.” [8]

Open access designation in 2000s

Following the death of a tenant farmer in 2009, Worthing Borough Council proposed to sell-off the public land. [12] On 14 November 2009 hundreds of people gathered on the downland to the north of Worthing to protest against the proposed sale of the land. [13] [14] Following the protests, the decision was taken on 3 December 2009 to be withdrawn from sale. [15]

On 29 November 2015 Worthing Borough Council dedicated the land at Mount Carvey and Tenants Hill as open access land under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 to be used in perpetuity for public access and enjoyment. The decision followed a six-year public campaign led a group called the Worthing Downlanders (formerly the Stop the Cissbury Sell Off group). [16] [13] [12] Worthing Council agreed to long-term leases rather than selling freeholds on farm buildings and land. [12]

Biodiversity

The site forms part of the North-east Worthing downs Biodiversity Opportunity Area. [17] Tenants Hill forms part of the Tenants Hill and Reservoirs Site of Nature Conservation Interest (SNCI). Further SNCIs are located adjacent to the Worthing Downland Estate at the Cissbury Ring SNCI and the Worthing and Hill Barn Golf Courses SNCI.

The land is lowland calcareous grassland. Species present include slow-worm (anguis fragilis), tree pipit (anthus trivialis), dusky brocade (apamea remissa), common toad (bufo bufo) and adder (vipera berus).

See also

Bibliography

Related Research Articles

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Worthing Town and borough in England

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Cissbury Ring

Cissbury Ring is an 84.2-hectare (208-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Worthing in West Sussex. It is owned by the National Trust and is designated a Scheduled monument for its Neolithic flint mine and Iron Age hillfort.

Findon, West Sussex A village and civil parish in West Sussex, England

Findon is a semi-rural clustered village and civil parish in the Arun District of West Sussex, England, 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Worthing.

Durrington, West Sussex Human settlement in England

Durrington is a neighbourhood and former civil parish in the Borough of Worthing in West Sussex, England. Historically in Sussex, in the rape of Bramber, it is situated near the A27 road, 2.3 miles (3.7 km) northwest of the town centre. Since 1992 it has been home to the community-led Durrington Festival.

High Salvington Human settlement in England

High Salvington is a neighbourhood of the borough of Worthing in West Sussex, England. It is centred 2.5 miles (4.0 km) northwest of the town centre and is north of the A27.

Findon Valley Human settlement in England

Findon Valley is a neighbourhood of the Borough of Worthing in West Sussex, England. It lies on the A24 road 2.9 miles (4.7 km) north of the town centre.

Worthing Borough Council

Worthing Borough Council is a district council in the county of West Sussex, based in the borough of Worthing. The borough council was created in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 out of the existing Worthing Municipal Council, which also had borough status. It forms the lower tier of local government in Worthing, responsible for local services such as housing, planning, leisure and tourism. Since 2014 it has been a constituent council of the Greater Brighton City Region.

Cissbury (electoral division)

Cissbury is an electoral division of West Sussex in the United Kingdom, and returns one member to sit on West Sussex County Council.

History of Worthing

Worthing is a large seaside town in Sussex, England in the United Kingdom. The history of the area begins in Prehistoric times and the present importance of the town dates from the 19th century.

St Andrews Church, West Tarring Church in West Sussex , England

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Public services in Worthing

Worthing, a seaside town in the English county of West Sussex which has had borough status since 1890, has a wide range of public services funded by national government, West Sussex County Council, Worthing Borough Council and other public-sector bodies. Revenue to fund these services comes principally from Council Tax.

Worthing Golf Club Golf club in West Sussex, England

Worthing Golf Club is a golf club on the South Downs at Worthing, England. Located close to the Iron Age hill fort of Cissbury Ring in the new South Downs National Park, the club comprises two links golf courses, a driving range and a clubhouse. The club enjoys panoramic views both of the South Downs and the English Channel.

A wide variety of sport in Worthing has been played, which has a long and interesting history.

Eastbourne Downland Estate

The Eastbourne Downland Estate is an area of downland at the easternmost end of the South Downs National Park in East Sussex, England. It was bought by the public, following threats to the beauty spots of Beachy Head and the surrounding farmland, which led to a public campaign and Act of Parliament in 1926. It is currently owned and managed, on behalf of the public, by Eastbourne Borough Council.

Timeline of Worthing Timeline of the history of Worthing, West Sussex, England

The following is a timeline of the history of the borough of Worthing, West Sussex, England.

References

  1. ↑ "The Neolithic Flint Mines of Sussex: Britain's Earliest Monuments". Bournemouth University. 2011. Archived from the original on 20 July 2012. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  2. ↑ "West Sussex HER". Heritage Gateway. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
  3. 1 2 Kerridge & Standing 2005
  4. ↑ "British History Online - Broadwater". British History Online. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
  5. ↑ Brandon 2010 , p. 228
  6. ↑ Brandon 2010 , p. 230
  7. ↑ Brandon 2010 , p. 180
  8. 1 2 Feest, Freddie (2012). "Rapid expansion between World Wars". HA Design. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  9. ↑ Municipal Journal, Volume 48, Part 2. 1939.
  10. ↑ Brandon 2010 , p. 180
  11. ↑ "The countryside legacy of the actress and writer who mixed with the stars". The Argus. 12 December 2002.
  12. 1 2 3 Vowles, Neil (3 February 2016). "150 acres of rural land opened up to nature lovers after sell-off plans ditched". The Argus. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  13. 1 2 "Campaigns". Worthing Downlanders. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  14. ↑ "Hundreds protest to stop Cissbury Ring land sale". Worthing Herald. 14 November 2009. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  15. ↑ "Worthing Borough Council Record of Decisions Taken by the Cabinet at its meeting held on 3 December 2009" (PDF) (PDF). Worthing Borough Council. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  16. ↑ "New Freedom To Roam On Cissbury's Downland". Open Spaces Society. 26 January 2016. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  17. ↑ "North east Worthing downs Biodiversity Opportunity Area" (PDF). Sussex Biodiversity Partnership. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
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