A259 road

Last updated

UK road A259.svg
A259
A259 road map.png
A259, Eastbourne Road - geograph.org.uk - 1383731.jpg
A259 Eastbourne Road
Route information
Length118.5 mi (190.7 km)
Major junctions
East end Folkestone
Major intersectionsUK-Motorway-M20.svg M20
UK road A20.svg A20
UK road A260.svg A260
UK road A2033.svg A2033
UK road A2034.svg A2034
UK road A2070.svg A2070
UK road A268.svg A268
UK road A2101.svg A2101
UK road A21.svg A21
UK road A2102.svg A2102
UK road A2036.svg A2036
UK road A269.svg A269
UK road A2690.svg A2690
UK road A27.svg A27
UK road A2290.svg A2290
UK road A2021.svg A2021
UK road A2040.svg A2040
UK road A2270.svg A2270
UK road A26.svg A26
UK road A29.svg A29
UK road A23.svg A23
UK road A2010.svg A2010
UK road A2023.svg A2023
UK road A283.svg A283
UK road A24.svg A24
UK road A2032.svg A2032
UK road A280.svg A280
UK road A284.svg A284
UK road A286.svg A286
West end Emsworth
Location
Country United Kingdom
Primary
destinations
Bexhill-on-Sea
Bognor Regis
Brighton
Chichester
Eastbourne
Folkestone
Hastings
Littlehampton
Rye
Shoreham-by-Sea
Worthing
Road network

The A259 is a road on the south coast of England passing through Hampshire, West Sussex, East Sussex, and Kent, and is the longest Zone 2 A road in Great Britain. The main part of the road connects Brighton, Peacehaven, Eastbourne, Hastings, Rye, and Folkestone.

Contents

The road is below the expected standard of a trunk road used by HGVs and a frequent cause of congestion and disruption and has been documented as one of the most dangerous roads in South England.

Description

A hairpin bend on the trunk road section of the A259 near Winchelsea Hairpin Bend, A259 - geograph.org.uk - 360710.jpg
A hairpin bend on the trunk road section of the A259 near Winchelsea

The A259 is a busy two-lane road running along the south coast of England; part is roughly parallel to the A27 road. The A259 runs east from Emsworth in Hampshire, into West Sussex via Chichester, Bognor Regis, Littlehampton, Ferring, Worthing, Lancing, Shoreham-by-Sea, into the Unitary Authority of Brighton and Hove which incorporates Portslade, Hove and Brighton, and on into the East Sussex towns of Peacehaven, Newhaven, Seaford, Eastbourne, Pevensey, Bexhill-on-Sea, Hastings and Rye. Over the border in Kent, it continues through New Romney and Hythe to terminate at Folkestone.

The road passes through Winchelsea, England's first new town. The road has two sections with Trunk Road status (between Bognor Regis and Chichester, and between Pevensey and the A2070 at Brenzett) and formed part of the formerly designated South Coast Trunk Road. [1] This section of A259 is almost entirely a single-carriageway, with only a short stretch of urban dual-carriageway in Bexhill. There is also a section of dual carriageway between Worthing titnore roundabout and the lyminster bypass roundabout.

Landmarks on the A259 include The Body Shop headquarters outside of Littlehampton, Shoreham Power Station, West Pier, and the Palace Pier in Brighton, Telscombe Cliffs near Peacehaven, and Saltdean, Cuckmere Haven between Seaford and Eastbourne and the Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway which shares the route for 8 miles (13 km) from New Romney to Hythe.

Major Junctions

CountyLocationmikmDestinationsNotes
Hampshire Emsworth 0.00.0UK road A27.svg A27 (Havant Bypass) Portsmouth, Chichester, Warblington ChurchWestern terminus
1.21.9B2148 north (North Street) Horndean, Rowlands Castle, Town Centre, Westbourne
1.42.3Queen Street - Town Centre
West Sussex Southbourne 2.54.0Sein Road - Woodmancote
Nutbourne 3.76.0Broad Road - Hambrook
Bosham 58.0B 2146
West Ashling, East Ashling, Funtington
Delling Lane
Bosham, Church, Quay
Fishbourne 7.311.7Appledram Lane - Apuldram, Dell Quay
Chichester 7.411.9UK road A27.svg A27 (Fishbourne Roundabout) Portsmouth, Havant, Brighton, Bognor Regis
8.313.4UK road A286.svg A286 (Chichester Ring Road) Midhurst The A286 and A259 run together as the Chichester Ring Road, though signs prioritise the A286
8.513.7UK road A259.svgUK road A286.svg A259 (Southgate Gyratory) to A286 WitteringsPart of the A286
8.914.3UK road A259.svgUK road A286.svgUK road A285.svg A259 (Eastgate) to A286  / A285 Witterings, WorthingEnd of the joint A286-A259
9.415.1B2145 (Whyke Road) Selsey
1016UK road A27.svg A27 (Bognor Road Roundabout) Brighton, Worthing, Portsmouth
Drayton1118B2144 (Drayton Lane) - Drayton, Oving, Shopwyke
Bognor Regis 13.121.1B2259 (Chichester Road) Bersted, Pagham
14.323.0Rowan Way - Bersted, Pagham
15.224.5UK road A29.svg A29 (Oldlands Way Roundabout) Billingshurst, Fontwell, Westergate, Shripney, Bognor Regis Briefly joins with the A29
15.424.8UK road A29.svg A29 (Shirpney Road) Billingshurst, Pulborough, Shripney
Yapton 17.928.8B2259 (Flansham Lane) Middleton-on-Sea, Felpham
Middleton-on-Sea 18.730.1B2132 (Yapton Road) Middleton-on-Sea, Yapton, Barnham
Climping 19.331.1B2223 (Yapton Road) Yapton, Barnham
Wick 20.733.3B2187 (Bridge Road Roundabout) Littlehampton
21.835.1UK road A284.svg A284 (Wick Roundabout) Arundel, Lyminster, Town Centre
Littlehampton 22.536.2B2187 (The Body Shop Roundabout) Rustington, Littlehampton
Rustington 24.138.8B2187 (Mill Lane Roundabout) Rustington
Angmering 24.639.6B2140 (Blue Star Roundabout) Angmering, East Preston
2540(Roundstone Road Roundabout) - East Preston
25.541.0UK road A280.svg A280 (Roundstone Roundabout) / B2140 Horsham, Brighton, Chichester, East Preston
Goring-by-Sea 26.843.1UK road A2032.svg A2032 (Goring Crossways Roundabout) Brighton, Arundel, West Durrington
27.444.1(Goring Way) - Ferring
Worthing 30.348.8UK road A24.svg A24 (Chapel Road) London, Portsmouth southern terminus of A24
30.448.9UK road A24.svg A24  London, Portsmouth
Lancing 32.852.8UK road A2025.svg A2025 (South Street) London, Brighton
Shoreham-by-Sea 34.555.5UK road A289.svg A289 (High Street) Horsham, Steyning
Brighton & Hove Fishersgate37.460.2UK road A293.svgUK road A23.svgUK road A27.svg A293 (Church Road) to A23  / A27  London, Lewes, Worthing
Portslade 37.760.7UK road A23.svgUK road A27.svg B2194 (Station Road) to A23  / A27  London, Lewes
Hove 3963UK road A2023.svgUK road A23.svgUK road A27.svg A2023 (Hove Street) to A23  / A27  London, Lewes, Central Hove
39.563.6UK road A23.svgUK road A27.svg B2185 (Grand Avenue) to A23  / A27  London, Lewes
Brighton 40.965.8UK road A23.svg A23 (Old Steine) London
41.266.3(Lower Rock Gardens) - Brighton Racecourse
41.867.3(Eaton Place) - Royal Sussex County Hospital
42.868.9(Marina Drive) - Brighton Marina eastbound access as u-turn on Marina Drive; westbound access as slip road
43.169.4B2066 (Roedean Road) - East Brighton Golf Club
4471(Greenways) - Ovingdean
Rottingdean 44.771.9B2123 (High Street) Woodingdean
East Sussex Newhaven 49.780.0(Lewes Road) - Piddinghoe, Rodmell, Kingston
(North Lane) - Town Centre
- Denton Island
50.280.8UK road A26.svg A26 (New Road) London, Lewes, Eastbourne, Brighton
50.381.0UK road A26.svg B2109 (Drove Road) / A26  London, Lewes, Eastbourne, Brighton, Newhaven Harbour
50.581.3B2109 (Avis Road) - Denton, Paradise Park and Gardens
Bishopstone 51.983.5(Bishopstone Road) - Bishopstone
Seaford 53.385.8(Avondale Road) - East Blatchington
53.986.7(Alfriston Road) - Alfriston, Drusillas Park
54.387.4(Sutton Avenue) - Seaford Head Golf Course
Exceat 55.589.3(Litlington Road) - Westdean, Litlington
East Dean 57.893.0(Old Willingdon Road) - Jevington
58.393.8(Gilberts Drive) - Birling Gap, Beachy Head
South Downs Hills59.695.9B2103 (Warren Hill) Beachy Head
Eastbourne 60.998.0UK road A2270.svg To A2270 (Victoria Drive) Polegate, Willingdon
61.599.0UK road A2270.svgUK road A22.svgUK road A27.svg A2270 (Upperton Road) to A22  / A27  London, Brighton, Hastings
61.799.3UK road A259.svgUK traffic sign 827.2.svg To A259 (The Avenue) Eastbourne District General Hospital, Pevensey Bay
63.2101.7(Whitley Road) - Eastbourne District General Hospital
63.9102.8UK road A2290.svgUK road A22.svgUK road A27.svg A2290 (Seaside Roundabout) to A22  / A27  London, Brighton, Hastings, Sovereign Harbour (South)
64.5103.8B2104 (Langney Roundabout) to B2191 Hailsham, Pevensey, Sovereign Harbour (South)
Pevensey Bay 66.7107.3(Coast Road) - BeachlandsThe A259 loops around back towards Eastbourne here
Pevensey 67.5108.6B2191 (High Street) Westham, Stone Cross, Pevensey Castle
67.7109.0UK road A27.svgUK road A22.svg A27 (Pevensey Roundabout) to A22  London, Brighton, Normans Bay, Eastbourne, Polegate, Lewes, Wartling, Herstmonceux Castle, Pevensey Serviceseastern terminus of A27
Pevensey Marshlands70.1112.8B2095 Ninfield, Battle, HooeHooe signposted westbound only.
70.6113.6(Green Lane) - Hooe
Bexhill-on-Sea 72.7117.0Little Common Roundabout
Peartree Lane -
Ninfield, Catsfield
(Cooden Beach Sea Road) -
Cooden Beach station, Cooden Beach
Trucks over 7.5 tonnes prohibited from Peartree Lane and Chestnut Walk
73.8118.8B2098 (Sutherland Avenue) - Bexhill station, Town Centre
74.3119.6UK road A269.svgUK road A21.svgUK road A2100.svgUK traffic sign 827.2.svg A269 (Combe Valley Way / London Road) to A21  / A2100  London, Battle, Conquest Hospital, Town Centre
75121UK road A269.svg A269 (Dorset Road) - Town Centre
75.8122.0UK road A2036.svgUK road A269.svg A2036 (Dorset Road) to A269  Ninfield, Battle, Ravenside Retail Park
Bulverhythe 77124UK traffic sign 827.2.svg B2092 (Harley Shute Road) Crowhurst, Battle, Conquest Hospital
77.4124.6UK road A21.svgUK road A2100.svg To A21 (Filsham Road) / A2100  London, Battle
St Leonards-on-Sea 78.6126.5UK road A2102.svgUK road A21.svgUK road A2100.svg A2102 (London Road) to A21  / A2100  London, Battle, St. Leonards Centre, Station
Hastings 79.6128.1UK road A2101.svgUK road A21.svg A2101 (Albert Road) to A21  London
81130UK road A21.svgUK road A259.svg To A21 (Priory Road) / A259  London, Ring RoadVehicle height restriction of 3.6 metres.
Ore 81.6131.3UK road A21.svgUK road A2100.svg B2093 (Old London Road) to A21  / A2100  London, Battle
near Guestling Green82.8133.3(Friars Hill) - Pett, Fairlight
Guestling 83.4134.2(Chapel Lane) - Pett, Fairlight
Guestling Thorn84.4135.8(Butcher's Lane) - Three Oaks, Westfield
84.5136.0(North Lane) - Doleham
Northeast of Icklesham 88.1141.8(Monk's Walk) - Winchelsea
Winchelsea 88.6142.6(Station Road) - Winchelsea station
89143(Sea Road) - Winchelsea Beach
Rye 91146UK road A268.svg A268 (Kettle o'Fish Roundabout) to B2089 Battle, Rye town centre
91.7147.6UK road A268.svg A268 (Skinner Roundabout) to B2082 Tenterden, Peasmarsh
East Guldeford92.6149.0(Camber Road) Aircraft Airport ecomo.svg Camber, Lydd Airport
Between East Guldeford and Brookland96.5155.3(Hook Wall) - Midley
Kent Brookland 97.9157.6(Straight Lane) - Brookland village centre
Brenzett 99.2159.6UK-Motorway-M20.svgUK road A2070.svg To B2080 (Brenzett Roundabout) / M20  / A2070  Tenterden, Snargate, Hamstreet, Ashford, Appledore
Old Romney 101163(Five Vents Lane) - Ivychurch
Between Old Romney and New Romney102164Aircraft Airport ecomo.svg B2075 (Romney Road) Lydd Airport, Dungeness, Camber
New Romney 103166(Ashford Road) - Ivychurch
104167B2071 (Station Road) Littlestone
104167(St Mary's Road) - St. Mary in the Marsh, Newchurch
St Mary's Bay 106171(Jefferstone Lane) - St. Mary in the Marsh
Dymchurch 107172(Mill Road) - Newchurch, Bonnington, Aldington
108174(Burmarsh Road) - Burmarsh
Palmarsh 110180(Botolph's Bridge Road) - Port Lympne Zoo Park
Hythe 112180UK road A261.svgUK road A20.svgUK-Motorway-M20.svg A261 (London Road) to A20  / M20  Channel Tunnel, Dover, Lympne, Port Lympne Wild Animal Park The A259 loops back around onto Dymchurch Road
113182(High Street / Station Road) - Town Centre, Elham
114183B2063 (Hospital Hill) Shorncliffe Garrison
Folkestone 116187UK road A2033.svg A2033 (Sandgate Road) – Town Centre
117188UK road A20.svgUK-Motorway-M20.svgUK road A260.svg A20 (Cheriton Road) to M20  / A260  Ashford, Channel Tunnel, Dover, Canterbury
117188UK-Motorway-M20.svgUK road A260.svg To M20 (Black Bull Road) / A260  Ashford, Channel Tunnel, Dover, Canterbury
118190(Foord Road) - Folkestone Harbour, Town Centreloops back to Radnor Park Road
118190(Foord Road) - Folkestone Harbour, Town Centreloops back to Radnor Park Road
119192UK road A260.svgUK road A20.svg A260  / A20  / B2011 Canterbury, Dover, Capel-le-Ferne, Hawkinge
120190UK road A260.svgUK road A20.svgUK road A2034.svgUK-Motorway-M20.svg A260 (Castle Hill Interchange) / A20  / A2034  / M20  Folkestone, Cheriton, Sandgate, London, Channel Tunnel, Ashford, Dover, Canterbury eastern terminus
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Safety

In June 2008, a 12 miles (19 km) stretch of the A259 between Hastings and Eastbourne was named by EuroRAP as the most dangerous road in the South East of England. [2] [3] The report cited 47 fatal or serious collisions from 2004 to 2006 as a key issue. [4] In 2011, the BBC named the road as the "most crash prone A road" in the UK with 7,721 crashes and 120 deaths over 12 years from 1999 to 2010, an average of 65 crashes per mile. [5]

Traffic

The road crosses the Marshlink line between Ashford International and Rye at two level crossings in quick succession. In the summer, this can create significant congestion where goods vehicles between the towns mix with day traffic to popular holiday destinations such as Camber Sands. Portions of the road along Romney Marsh suffer from subsidence into the dikes that run alongside the main carriageway. [6]

History

What is now the A259 east of Rye was developed after the opening of the Monk Bretton Bridge in 1893, which provided a quicker route through Romney Marsh. [7] The original draft route of the A259 was from Dover to Eastbourne. It was extended westwards to Worthing after the local engineering division informed the Ministry of Transport they would like a single number to represent the coast road. [8]

In 1989 the government proposed to dual the road from Pevensey to Bexhill and make other corridor improvements as detailed in their Roads for Prosperity white paper and would have included the following elements: 'Guestling and Icklesham bypass', the 'Winchelsea bypass', 'Rye bypass', 'Hamstreet bypass', 'A259 New Romney bypass' and the 'A259 St. Mary's Bay and Dymchurch bypass'. [9] This scheme along with many others proposed at the time were shelved in 1996-7 after a number of major road protests in the UK. Of these only the Ham Street bypass (A2070) was eventually constructed. [6]

Plans for a 'Hastings Bexhill bypass' which would have provided a dual-carriageway from the Pevensey roundabout passing to the north of Bexhill and Hastings to join the current A259 near Icklesham at a cost of £120-£130 million were rejected in 2001. The scheme, which was supported by the South East England Regional Assembly and by the Deputy Prime Minister, John Prescott was opposed by English Nature who highlighted the damage to a number of Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs), including the High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. They were also concerned about the negative effect the scheme would have on several ancient woodlands and the habitats of the dormouse and great crested newt. [10] [11]

Following the upgrade of the A2070 road in the late 1990s, the section between Brenzett and Folkestone was de-trunked in 2003 (i.e. removed trunk road status) and control reverted to Kent County Council. [12]

Other development proposals for the road were considered in 2004. [13]

In 2021, Eccy de Jonge, a British author, published an account of policing practices in Great Britain and elsewhere. In a chapter on road deaths, the author reveals two pedestrian deaths on the A259 that occurred in 2013, one near Seaford, East Sussex, the other in Hastings. [14]

Proposed developments

Proposed route of the Bexhill Hastings Link Road Bexhill Hastings.png
Proposed route of the Bexhill Hastings Link Road

In 2008, East Sussex County Council proposed building a new link road between Bexhill and Hastings, to form a 3.5 miles (5.6 km) long road from its junction with the A259 in Bexhill, to a junction with the B2092 Queensway in Hastings. [15]

The South East Regional Assembly included the scheme within its Regional Funding Advice package. [16] This was provisionally signed off in July 2009 by the Department for Transport, with the caveat that individual schemes would still need to be assessed for value for money and compatibility with greenhouse gas emission targets. [17] Although originally estimated at £45 million, the scheme was now expected to cost over £100 million. £33 million was expected to come from developer contributions, but the County Council was unable to obtain them. "Although opportunities will be explored to seek developer contributions in the future, at the present it has been considered prudent to plan to fund all future local contributions from the County Council's capital programme". [18]

The county council said: "The driving force of the scheme is to enable essential economic regeneration for Bexhill and Hastings, which is currently compromised by the poor accessibility within and between the two towns... the Bexhill Hastings Link Road would make a major contribution to meeting the need to improve access between the towns and linking Trunk Roads which serve the area". They also identified that the scheme would provide "faster and more reliable access to the Conquest Hospital", "easier access to jobs", "create access to much-needed additional housing"; and that it would "re-route traffic from less suitable roads" and "reduce the number of accidents on local roads". [19]

A number of organisations objected to the scheme. The Hastings Alliance, [20] which is supported by 11 national bodies, including the Campaign for the Protection of Rural England, the Council for National Parks, and WWF-UK, and also 16 local groups [21] pointed to the Hastings Five Point Plan, commissioned by the South East Regional Assembly, which found that the key requirement for regeneration is to "improve the strategic accessibility of Hastings – that is Hastings' access to London, other major towns, and other parts of the South East" and says that improving rail links are fundamental to regenerating that area. [22] In addition they objected to the impact on the Combe Haven valley, a Site of Special Scientific Interest, which would be cut in two by the scheme. The Campaign for Better Transport say that, contrary to government guidance, the county council had "never really considered whether building a link road is the best way to improve transport on the Sussex coast". [23] The Woodland Trust also objected, as the road would seriously impact on the Marline Valley Woods Site of Special Scientific Interest, an ancient ghyll woodland. This sort of woodland is only found on steep sided valleys and are hugely important for wildlife but are highly sensitive to pollution. The road would also pass within metres of Church wood (ancient woodland), and other nationally and locally protected wildlife sites. [24] Friends of the Earth were concerned that building roads generates more traffic in the surrounding area, and would result in more vehicles using the roads to the north creating pressure in for communities on the approach roads [25] (such as the A21 and the A28). They also believed it would create pressure to build a 'Hastings Eastern Bypass' which would pass through the High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, which they claim is one of Britain's finest landscapes. The Sussex Wildlife Trust "strongly" objected to the road stating that "the environmental damage that will result from this scheme is unacceptable and will alter the ecology of the Combe Haven valley for ever." [26]

A public inquiry into the scheme started on 10 November 2009. [27]

When the Bexhill to Hastings Link Road was eventually approved, then changes also required to the A21 Baldslow / Queensway (which leads to the link road).

The entire project was completed in December 2015 at a cost of around £120 million. [28] The link road was later named Combe Valley Way(A2690). East Sussex Highways confirmed on 4 July 2025 that work on the Queensway Gateway Road linking Combe Valley Way/A2690 via the Queensway St Leonard's on sea with the A21 at Sedlescombe Road North will be complete by the autumn of 2025.

'£5m improvements near Shoreham'

In 2009, Brighton and Hove City Council, Adur District Council and West Sussex County Council, and the Shoreham Port Authority proposed to spend a £5million grant from the Department for Transport to 'improve the A259 in relation to a new project to build 10,000 homes scheme. [29]

References

  1. "Highways Agency Network Map". Highways Agency. November 2011. Archived from the original on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  2. "Great Britain Results 2008". EuroRAP. Archived from the original on 10 February 2012.
  3. "Britain's most dangerous roads revealed". Autotrader.
  4. "A259 the worst road in Sussex". Eastbourne Herald. 1 July 2008. Retrieved 3 October 2019.
  5. "Every death on every road". BBC News. 2 December 2011.
  6. 1 2 "No by-pass? How about a link road". Rye News. 25 November 2016. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
  7. Cooksey, Laurie. "The Monkbretton Road Bridge". Rye's Own. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  8. "Search results for MT 39/241". The National Archives.
  9. "House of Commons Hansard Debates". 13 July 1989.
  10. "Hastings/Bexhill bypass 'flawed'". BBC News. London. 15 February 2001. Retrieved 24 March 2010.
  11. "Ruling Splits Opinion". BBC News. London. 12 July 2001. Retrieved 24 March 2010.
  12. "The A259 Trunk Road, (Brenzett to M20 Junction 13, Folkestone) (Detrunking) Order 2003". UK Government. Retrieved 6 June 2012.
  13. "Highways Agency A259-A2070 Route Management Strategy" (PDF). East Sussex Council. 18 August 2019.
  14. Eccy de Jonge - Policing and Public Trust" Exposing the Inner Uniform. Rowman & Littlefield. 2021.
  15. "Bexhill to Hastings link road". East Sussex County Council. Retrieved 21 January 2008.
  16. "South East England Regional Funding Advice" (PDF). South East Regional Assembly. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 July 2010. Retrieved 10 November 2009.
  17. "Response letter to South East England Regional Funding Advice" (PDF). Department for Transport. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 August 2009. Retrieved 10 November 2009.
  18. "Hastings Bexhill Major Scheme Business Case" (PDF). East Sussex County Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 February 2012. Retrieved 10 November 2009.
  19. "Design and Access statement (section 2.1.1 - 174mb)" (PDF). East Sussex County Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 10 November 2009.
  20. "Hastings Alliance". Hastings Alliance.
  21. "Supporters". Hastings Alliance. December 2010.
  22. "Prosperity for Hastings" (PDF). South East Regional Assembly. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 February 2012.
  23. "Reject Bexhill-Hastings link road". Campaign for Better Transport. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011.
  24. "Bexhill to Hastings Link Road". Woodland Trust. Archived from the original on 7 May 2009.
  25. "Like a bad penny. why Friends of the Earth opposes the Bexhill" (PDF). Friends of the Earth. Retrieved 9 November 2009.
  26. "Bexhill Hastings Link Road". Sussex Wildlife Trust. Archived from the original on 19 August 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
  27. "Bexhill-Hastings link road cash sign-off slated by campaigners". planningresource.co.uk.
  28. "Hastings Bexhill £120m link road opens amid protests". BBC News. 17 December 2015.
  29. "Councils vow to revive Shoreham Harbour plans".
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