Xanthochilus saturnius

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Xanthochilus saturnius
Rhyparochromidae - Xanthochilus saturnius.JPG
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Hemiptera
Suborder:
Heteroptera
Infraorder:
Pentatomomorpha
Superfamily:
Lygaeoidea
Family:
Rhyparochromidae
Genus:
Xanthochilus
Species:
X. saturnius
Binomial name
Xanthochilus saturnius
(Rossi, 1790)
Synonyms
  • Rhyparochromus saturnius (Rossi, 1790)
  • Cimex saturnius Rossi, 1790

Xanthochilus saturnius, the Mediterranean seed bug, is a species of true bugs belonging to the family Rhyparochromidae. [1]

Contents

Xanthochilus is sometimes considered a subgenus of Rhyparochromus, in which case this species is called Rhyparochromus saturnius or Rhyparochromus (Xanthochilus) saturnius. [2] [3]

Distribution

This species is present in southern Europe (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, European Turkey, France, Greece, Italy, North Macedonia, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Bulgaria, South European Russia) and in the Nearctic realm (Greenland, Canada, USA and northern Mexico). [4] [5]

Description

Xanthochilus saturnius can reach a length of 6–8 millimetres (0.24–0.31 in). [3] These small true bugs have distinctive markings of black-on-tan. The head and scutellum are black, while pronotum shows a large black band and a band of stippled brown. Elytra are brown, with two black spots. Membrane has a large black mark too. [6]

Biology

Adults of these bugs overwinter in gregarious clusters. They emerge in spring (April or May). Adults and larvae feed together on the same plant and on fallen seeds. New adults can be seen by July. Main host plants are Stachys species and other Lamiaceae , and Scrophulariaceae ( Verbascum lychnitis ). [6]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lygaeoidea</span> Superfamily of true bugs

The Lygaeoidea are a sizeable superfamily of true bugs, containing seed bugs and allies, in the order Hemiptera. There are about 16 families and more than 4,600 described species in Lygaeoidea, found worldwide. Most feed on seeds or sap, but a few are predators.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lygaeidae</span> Family of true bugs

The Lygaeidae are a family in the Hemiptera, with more than 110 genera in four subfamilies. The family is commonly referred to as seed bugs, and less commonly, milkweed bugs, or ground bugs. However, while many of the species feed on seeds, some feed on sap (mucivory) or seed pods, others are omnivores and a few, such as the wekiu bug, are carnivores that feed exclusively on insects. Insects in this family are distributed across the world. The family was vastly larger, but numerous former subfamilies have been removed and given independent family status, including the Artheneidae, Blissidae, Cryptorhamphidae, Cymidae, Geocoridae, Heterogastridae, Ninidae, Oxycarenidae and Rhyparochromidae, which together constituted well over half of the former family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rhyparochromidae</span> Family of true bugs

The Rhyparochromidae are a large family of true bugs, many of which are commonly referred to as seed bugs. The family includes two subfamilies, more than 420 genera, and over 2,100 described species.

<i>Drymus brunneus</i> Species of true bug

Drymus brunneus is a species of dirt-colored seed bug in the family Rhyparochromidae found in the Palearctic. In the West Palearctic it is lacking only in the far north of Northern and Eastern Europe. In the East, the species ranges to the Caucasus and Siberia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Xanthochilus</span> Genus of true bugs

Xanthochilus is a genus of true bugs belonging to the family Rhyparochromidae. Xanthochilus is often considered a subgenus of Rhyparochromus.

<i>Raglius confusus</i> Species of true bug

Raglius confusus is a species of true bugs belonging to the family Rhyparochromidae.

<i>Raglius</i> Genus of true bugs

Raglius is a genus of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae. There are about 11 described species in Raglius.

<i>Arocatus melanocephalus</i> Species of true bug

Arocatus melanocephalus, the elm seed bug, is a true bug in the family Lygaeidae. The species was initially described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1798, and Maximilian Spinola designated it to be the type species of the genus Arocatus in 1837. This bug is native to Europe but has been introduced to North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rhyparochrominae</span> Subfamily of true bugs

Rhyparochrominae is a subfamily of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae. There are more than 410 genera and 2,000 described species in Rhyparochrominae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rhyparochromini</span> Tribe of true bugs

Rhyparochromini is a tribe of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae. There are more than 40 genera and 360 described species in Rhyparochromini. Rhyparochromini originates from Italy.

Cnemodus is a genus of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae. There are at least two described species in Cnemodus.

Carpilis is a genus of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae. There are at least three described species in Carpilis.

Pseudocnemodus is a monotypic genus of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae. Its sole described species is P. canadensis.

<i>Plinthisus</i> Genus of true bugs

Plinthisus is a genus of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae. There are around 100 described species in Plinthisus.

<i>Rhyparochromus vulgaris</i> Species of true bug

Rhyparochromus vulgaris is a species of dirt-colored seed bug in the family Rhyparochromidae. It is found in Africa, Europe and Northern Asia, North America, and Southern Asia. This bug was first recorded in North America in 2001.

<i>Rhyparochromus</i> Genus of true bugs

Rhyparochromus is a genus of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae. There are more than 40 described species in Rhyparochromus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plinthisinae</span> Subfamily of true bugs

Plinthisinae is a subfamily of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae, containing only two genera. Bosbequius is monotypic genus with the single species Bosbequius latus. The other, Plinthisus, has more than 100 species.

Phasmosomus is a genus of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae, the sole genus in the tribe Phasmosomini. There are at least two described species in Phasmosomus.

<i>Rhyparochromus pini</i> Species of dirt-colored seed bug

Rhyparochromus pini is a species of dirt-colored seed bug in the family Rhyparochromidae, found in the Palearctic.

<i>Dieuches</i> (bug) Genus of insects

Dieuches is a genus of dirt-colored seed bugs in the family Rhyparochromidae. There are more than 130 described species in Dieuches.

References

  1. ↑ Biolib
  2. ↑ Dellapé, Pablo M.; Henry, Thomas J. (2019). "genus Rhyparochromus Hahn, 1826". Lygaeoidea Species File. Retrieved 2019-06-19.
  3. ↑ Fauna europaea
  4. ↑ Thomas J. Henry and David Adamski Rhyparochromus saturnius (Rossi) (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Rhyparochromidae), a Palearctic Seed Bug Newly Discovered in North America Journal of the New York Entomological Society - Vol. 106, No. 4 (Winter, 1998), pp. 132-140
  5. 1 2 Sharon J. Collman and Michael R. Bush Emerging Pests in Pacific Northwest Ornamentals Pacific Northwest Insect Management Handbook


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