Xingezhuang Formation

Xingezhuang Formation
Stratigraphic range: Late Cretaceous, 77.3–73.5  Ma [1] PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Type	Geological Formation
Unit of	Wangshi Group
Location
Region	Asia
Country	China

The Xingezhuang Formation is an Upper Cretaceous fossil bearing rock formation in China. It is located near Zhucheng, in the province of Shandong. ^[2]

Dinosaur finds

Ceratopsians

Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon		Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Genus	Species	Location	Member	Material	Notes	Images
Sinoceratops	S. zhuchengensis	N/A	N/A	Partial skull, including the braincase.	First ceratopsid dinosaur discovered outside of North America.	Sinoceratops
Zhuchengceratops	Z. inexpectus	N/A	N/A	Partial articulated skeleton including vertebrae, ribs, teeth, and parts of the skull and mandibles.		Zhuchengceratops
Ischioceratops	I. zhuchengensis	N/A	N/A	Partially articulated specimen comprising the entire sacrum, a few ossified tendons, both halves of the pelvis, the anteriormost 15 caudal vertebrae in an articulated series, and the right femur, tibia and fibula.		Ischioceratops

Ornithopods

Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon		Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Genus	Species	Location	Member	Material	Notes	Images
Shantungosaurus	S. giganteus	N/A	N/A	A fairly complete skeleton.	An edmontosaurin saurolophine hadrosaur that is among the largest ornithischians ever to exist, measuring 14.7 meters (48 ft) to 16.6 meters (54 ft) in length. A large hole near its nostrils may have been covered by a loose flap, which could be inflated to make sounds.

Sauropods

Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon		Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Genus	Species	Location	Member	Material	Notes	Images
Zhuchengtitan	Z. zangjiazhuangensis	Shandong, China	Wangshi Series	A single humurus	A saltasaurid sauropod

Theropods

Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon		Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Genus	Species	Location	Member	Material	Notes	Images
Zhuchengtyrannus [3]	Z. magnus	Shandong, China	Wangshi Series	A partial skull	A tyrannosaurine tyrannosaurid about the size of Tarbosaurus . Zhuchengtyrannus can be distinguished from all other tyrannosaurines by a single autapomorphy, the presence of a horizontal shelf on the lateral surface of the base of the ascending process of the maxilla, and a rounded notch in the anterior margin of the maxillary fenestra. Zhuchengtyrannus also possesses a ventral margin of the antorbital fenestra that lies well above that of the ventral rim of the antorbital fossa. Additionally, the total length of the maxillary fenestra is more than half the distance between the anterior margins of the antorbital fossa and fenestra. Unlike the contemporaneous Tarbosaurus , Zhuchengtyrannus lacks a subcutaneous flange on the posterodorsal part of the jugal ramus of the maxilla, and a ventrally convex palatal shelf that covers the bulges of the roots of the rear teeth in medial view.	Zhuchengtyrannus
Tyrannosaurus zhuchengensis	T. zhuchengensis	N/A	N/A		Synonym of Zhuchengtyrannus.
Anomalipes	A. zhaoi		Wangshi Series	An incomplete left hind-limb, including a partial left thigh, shin and shank, a complete metatarsal III and two toe bones	A Caenagnathid oviraptorosaurian.

Thyreophorans

Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon		Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Genus	Species	Location	Member	Material	Notes	Images
Sinankylosaurus	S. zhuchengensis		Wangshi Series	An ilium
Ankylosauria ident.

Reptilia

Genus	Species	Location	Member	Material	Notes	Images
Crocodylia ident.
Testudinata ident.

See also

• List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations

References

1. An, W.; Kuang, H.-W.; Liu, Y.-Q.; Peng, N.; Xu, K.-M.; Xu, H.; Zhang, P.; Wang, K.-B.; Chen, S.-Q.; Zhang, Y.-X. (2016). "Detrital zircon dating and tracing the provenance of dinosaur bone beds from the Late Cretaceous Wangshi Group in Zhucheng, Shandong, East China". Journal of Palaeogeography. 5 (1): 72–99. doi: 10.1016/j.jop.2015.11.002 .
2. Zhao Xijin, Wang Kebai, & Li Dunjing. (2011). "Huaxiaosaurus aigahtens." Geological Bulletin of China30 (11):1671-1688
3. Mortimer, M. "Tyrannosauridae". Theropod Database. Archived from the original on September 29, 2013.