Xiushan Formation

Xiushan Formation
Xiushan Formation
Stratigraphic range: Llandovery PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Type	Geological formation
Location
Region	Southern China
Country	China
Type section
Named for	Xiushan County

Last updated May 28, 2025

The Xiushan Formation is a palaeontological formation located in China. It dates to the Lower Silurian period. Studies of conodonts found in the formation suggests the lower member and main part of the upper member correspond to the Pterospathodus eopennatus Superbiozone, whereas the top of the upper member likely correlates with the Pterospathodus celloni Superbiozone.^[1]

Fossil content

Cartilaginous fish

Cartilaginous fish reported from the Xiushan Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Chenolepis	C. asketa	Guizhou.^[2]	Scales.^[2]	Also known from the Ymogantau Formation.

Jawless fish

Jawless fish reported from the Xiushan Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Dayongaspis	D. colubra	Maoyanhe Town, Zhangjiajie, Hunan.^[3]		A galeaspid.

Invertebrates

Eurypterids

Eurypterids reported from the Xiushan Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Terropterus	T. xiushanensis	Xiushan.^[4]	Several specimens.^[4]	A mixopterid.

References

↑ Chen, Zhongyang; Wang, Chengyuan; Fan, Ru (2016-02-16). Jin, Jisuo (ed.). "Restudy of the Llandovery conodont biostratigraphy in the Xiushan area, Chongqing City, China" . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 53 (7): 651–659. Bibcode:2016CaJES..53..651C. doi:10.1139/cjes-2015-0189. ISSN 0008-4077.
1 2 Andreev, Plamen S.; Zhao, Wenjin; Wang, Nian-Zhong; Smith, Moya M.; Li, Qiang; Cui, Xindong; Zhu, Min; Sansom, Ivan J. (2020-02-13). Wong, William Oki (ed.). "Early Silurian chondrichthyans from the Tarim Basin (Xinjiang, China)". PLOS ONE. 15 (2): e0228589. Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1528589A. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228589 . ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 7018067 . PMID 32053606.
↑ Zhang, Yumeng; Li, Xutong; Shan, Xianren; Lin, Xianghong; Tan, Kai; Li, Qiang; Zhao, Wenjin; Tang, Lizhou; Zhu, Min; Gai, Zhikun (2023-06-19). "The first galeaspid fish (stem-gnathostomata) from the Silurian Xiushan formation of Hunan Province, China" . Historical Biology: 1–12. doi:10.1080/08912963.2023.2225083. ISSN 0891-2963. S2CID 259469524.
1 2 Wang, Han; Dunlop, Jason; Gai, Zhikun; Lei, Xiaojie; Jarzembowski, Edmund A.; Wang, Bo (November 2021). "First mixopterid eurypterids (Arthropoda: Chelicerata) from the Lower Silurian of South China" . Science Bulletin. 66 (22): 2277–2280. Bibcode:2021SciBu..66.2277W. doi:10.1016/j.scib.2021.07.019. PMID 36654455.

Vickers-Rich, Patricia & Rich, Thomas Hewett (1993); Wildlife of Gondwana. Reed. ISBN 0-7301-0315-3

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[1] Chen, Zhongyang; Wang, Chengyuan; Fan, Ru (2016-02-16). Jin, Jisuo (ed.). "Restudy of the Llandovery conodont biostratigraphy in the Xiushan area, Chongqing City, China" . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 53 (7): 651–659. Bibcode:2016CaJES..53..651C. doi:10.1139/cjes-2015-0189. ISSN 0008-4077.

[:0-2] 1 2 Andreev, Plamen S.; Zhao, Wenjin; Wang, Nian-Zhong; Smith, Moya M.; Li, Qiang; Cui, Xindong; Zhu, Min; Sansom, Ivan J. (2020-02-13). Wong, William Oki (ed.). "Early Silurian chondrichthyans from the Tarim Basin (Xinjiang, China)". PLOS ONE. 15 (2): e0228589. Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1528589A. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228589 . ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 7018067 . PMID 32053606.

[3] Zhang, Yumeng; Li, Xutong; Shan, Xianren; Lin, Xianghong; Tan, Kai; Li, Qiang; Zhao, Wenjin; Tang, Lizhou; Zhu, Min; Gai, Zhikun (2023-06-19). "The first galeaspid fish (stem-gnathostomata) from the Silurian Xiushan formation of Hunan Province, China" . Historical Biology: 1–12. doi:10.1080/08912963.2023.2225083. ISSN 0891-2963. S2CID 259469524.

[:1-4] 1 2 Wang, Han; Dunlop, Jason; Gai, Zhikun; Lei, Xiaojie; Jarzembowski, Edmund A.; Wang, Bo (November 2021). "First mixopterid eurypterids (Arthropoda: Chelicerata) from the Lower Silurian of South China" . Science Bulletin. 66 (22): 2277–2280. Bibcode:2021SciBu..66.2277W. doi:10.1016/j.scib.2021.07.019. PMID 36654455.

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