Grewia turbinata is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae sensu lato or Tiliaceae or Sparrmanniaceae. It is a shrub or tree endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. It grows in semi-deciduous woodland in the Hajhir Mountains and adjacent limestone plateau from 200 to 650 metres elevation.
Hibiscus dioscorides is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is a shrub endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. It grows on granite cliffs and among granite boulders in the eastern Hajhir Mountains at approximately 950 metres elevation. It is known only from the type specimen gathered on Jebal Jaaf.
Hibiscus diriffan is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. It grows on the southern limestone plateaus from Diksam to Wadi Irih and northwards to the granite of the Hajhir Mountains, from 20 to 1,300 metres elevation.
Hibiscus quattenensis is a species of flowering plant in the genus Hibiscus, in the family Malvaceae. It is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. It is common on the coastal plains and dry limestone foothills and plateaus of southwestern Socotra from sea level to 600 metres elevation, where it grows in Croton socotranus shrubland and succulent shrubland.
Hibiscus stenanthus is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. Its grows in rocky areas of the limestone plateau in the northeastern portion of the island, from 350 to 600 metres elevation.
Hypericum balfourii is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is endemic to Socotra, an island archipelago that is part of Yemen. It grows in mountain shrubland dominated by Cephalocroton. It is usually found on granite terrain above 600 meters in elevation.
Leucas kishenensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is a shrub endemic to the Hajhir Mountains of Socotra island in Yemen, where it grows in open semi-deciduous shrubland on granite from 650 to 1,000 metres elevation.
Paraerva microphylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae. It is a subshrub or shrub endemic to the islands of Socotra and Abd al Kuri in the Socotra archipelago off the coast of East Africa, which are politically part of Yemen.
Paraerva revoluta is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae. It is a shrub endemic to the archipelago of Socotra, which is biogeographically part of East Africa and politically part of Yemen.
Andrachne schweinfurthii is a species of plant in the family Phyllanthaceae. It is a subshrub native to Somalia and to the island of Socotra, which is part of Yemen. Its natural habitats are tropical dry forests and woodlands and rocky areas.
Graderia fruticosa is a species of plant in the family Orobanchaceae. It is a shrub endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. It grows in shrubland on rocky slopes and ridges in the high Hajhir Mountains of central Socotra from 700 to 1,300 metres elevation.
Holothrix socotrana is a species of plant in the family Orchidaceae. It is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen, where it grows in the dense shade of thickets in semi-deciduous montane woodland in the Hajhir Mountains from 800 to 1000 metres elevation.
Limonium paulayanum is a species of plant in the family Plumbaginaceae. It is a subshrub or shrub endemic to Yemen's Socotra Archipelago, where it is native to the islands of Socotra, Samhah, and Abd al Kuri. Its grows in coastal dwarf shrubland and on inland cliffs and rocky areas, from sea level to 550 metres elevation.
Limonium sokotranum is a species of plant in the family Plumbaginaceae. It is a subshrub or shrub endemic to Yemen's Socotra Archipelago, where it is native to the islands of Socotra, Samhah, and Abd al Kuri. Its grows in coastal dwarf shrubland and inland cliffs and rocky areas from sea-level to 550 metres elevation.
Nanorrhinum kuriense is a species of plant in the family Plantaginaceae. It is an annual native to the islands of Abd al Kuri and Samhah in Yemen's Socotra Archipelago. It grows on dry rocky slopes, and on open sandy plains often in the shade of boulders, from sea level to 500 metres elevation.
Turraea socotrana is a species of flowering plant in the family Meliaceae. It is a shrub or tree endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. It is a rare plant which grows on cliffs and in ravines in the island's central and western limestone plateaus, and less commonly on granite in the Hajhir Mountains, from 500 to 700 meters elevation.
Xylocalyx aculeolatus is a species of plant in the family Orobanchaceae. It is a subshrub endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. It grows in low shrubland on limestone plateaus from 200 to 600 metres elevation.
Dendrosicyos is a monotypic genus in the plant family Cucurbitaceae. The only species is Dendrosicyos socotranus, the cucumber tree. The species is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen, and is the only species in the Cucurbitaceae to grow in a tree form. The species name was originally spelled D. socotrana, but this is corrected to masculine grammatical gender according to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants.
Cissus subaphylla is a low shrub in the grape family Vitaceae. It is endemic to the Yemeni islands of Socotra and Samhah. The plant grows mainly in dry, low-lying areas on alluvial fans or on limestone slopes, and is rarely found above elevations of 300 metres (980 ft), where it is replaced by C. hamaderohensis. It does not have the climbing habit of other Cissus species, and its stems are flattened and gray-green in colour, with relatively small leaves and flowers. The tangled mats of C. subaphylla stems act as a protective covering for plants regularly eaten by goats and other browsing animals; the plant is thus important in the rehabilitation of species such as Dendrosicyos, Maerua and Commiphora.
The wildlife of Yemen is substantial and varied. Yemen is a large country in the southern half of the Arabian Peninsula with several geographic regions, each with a diversity of plants and animals adapted to their own particular habitats. As well as high mountains and deserts, there is a coastal plain and long coastline. The country has links with Europe and Asia, and the continent of Africa is close at hand. The flora and fauna have influences from all these regions and the country also serves as a staging post for migratory birds.
