The three fairy-bluebirds are small passerine bird species found in forests and plantations in tropical southern Asia and the Philippines. They are the sole members of the genus Irena and family Irenidae, and are related to the ioras and leafbirds.
The leafbirds (Chloropseidae) are a family of small passerine bird species found in the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. They were formerly grouped with the ioras and fairy-bluebirds in the family Irenidae. As presently defined, the leafbird family is monogeneric, with all species placed in the genus Chloropsis. A large molecular phylogenetic study published in 2019 found that the family Chloropseidae is sister to the family Irenidae containing the fairy-bluebirds.
The blue-winged leafbird is a species of leafbird found in forest and second growth throughout Southeast Asia as far east as Borneo and as far south as southern Sumatra. It previously included Jerdon's leafbird from the Indian Subcontinent, and the Bornean leafbird from northern Borneo as subspecies, but differs from both in measurements and morphology, with Jerdon's lacking any blue to the flight feathers, and Bornean having a distinctive male-like female plumage. The Javan leafbird, which is endemic to Java, was also formerly grouped with the species, but more recent phylogenetic studies have split both. The distribution of the blue-winged and the Bornean leafbird are known to approach each other, but there is no evidence of intergradation.
The golden-fronted leafbird is a species of leafbird. It is found from the Indian subcontinent and south-western China, to south-east Asia and Sumatra.
The orange-bellied leafbird is a bird native to the central and eastern Himalayas, Yunnan and northern parts of Southeast Asia. The greyish-crowned leafbird, which is found in Hainan, is again considered conspecific. The scientific name commemorates the English naturalist Thomas Hardwicke.
Jerdon's leafbird is a species of leafbird found in forest and woodland in India and Sri Lanka. Its name honours Thomas C. Jerdon. It has traditionally been considered a subspecies of the blue-winged leafbird, but differ in measurements and morphology, it lacking the blue flight feathers for which the blue-winged leafbird was named.
The orange-billed lorikeet is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. It is found in New Guinea. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
The lesser green leafbird is a species of bird in the family Chloropseidae. It is found in Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, and Thailand. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The Philippine leafbird is a species of bird in the family Chloropseidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. It is found in the islands of Mindanao, Leyte, and Cebu.
The Bornean leafbird, also known as the Kinabalu leafbird, is a species of bird in the family Chloropseidae. It is found in humid forest in Borneo, to which it is endemic. It has traditionally been considered a subspecies of the blue-winged leafbird, but differ in measurements and morphology, the female Bornean leafbird having a distinctive male-like plumage. The distribution of the two are known to approach each other, but there is no evidence of intergradation.
The Sumatran leafbird is a species of bird in the family Chloropseidae. It is endemic to forest and plantations in Sumatra in Indonesia. It has often been included as a subspecies of the golden-fronted leafbird, but the two differ extensively in, among others, morphology, with the male of the Sumatran leafbird having a yellow forehead, and the female resembling a female blue-winged leafbird, but with a yellowish forecrown and no blue to the wings and tail.
The greater green leafbird is a species of bird in the family Chloropseidae. It is distinguished from the lesser green leafbird by its powerful beak, yellow throat and eye ring of the female; and lack of a yellow border along the black throat patch found in the male C. cyanopogan.
The blue-masked leafbird is a species of bird in the family Chloropseidae. It is endemic to humid montane forest in the western regions of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. Generally, it lives in areas from 600 to 1,500 m in elevation. It is the smallest species of leafbird.
The olive-capped flowerpecker is a species of bird in the family Dicaeidae. It is endemic to the island of Mindanao in the Philippines.Its natural habitat is tropical moist montane forest.
The Lord Howe gerygone or Lord Howe gerygone flyeater was a small bird in the family Acanthizidae, brown and greyish in color. Its head was brown apart from a pale grey eye-ring and a grey throat and chin, many parts of the animal varied to the colour of yellow, this being apparent in its bright yellow belly. It made its home in the canopies of the island's forest until the early 20th century. The bird has had a variety of monikers: locally, it was known as the "rain-bird" due to its activity after the rains, or the "pop-goes-the-weasel", due to the similarity of its song to the well-known tune. The bird was endemic to Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea. There have been no records of the species since 1928, and it is considered to be extinct. Its extinction is almost certainly due to predation by black rats which were accidentally introduced to the island in 1918 following the shipwreck of the SS Makambo there.
The Palawan striped babbler is a species of bird in the family Zosteropidae. It is endemic to the Philippines, where it is only found in Palawan.
The red-headed flameback is a species of bird in the family Picidae. It is endemic to the Philippines only being found in the region of Palawan in the islands of Balabac, mainland Palawan, Busuanga and Calamian. It is one of the most spectacular flamebacks with its bright red head and yellow-green back. It is sometimes considered a subspecies of the greater flameback. It is found in moist lowland forests including primary, secondary and even plantations and clearings provided there are still standing trees. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The Javan leafbird is a species of leafbird found in forest and second growth in Java. The Javan leafbird was formerly grouped with the blue-winged leafbird, but more recent phylogenetic studies have split both. The distribution of the blue-winged and the Bornean leafbird are known to approach each other, but there is no evidence of intergradation.
