Zhangixalus arvalis | |
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Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Amphibia |
Order: | Anura |
Family: | Rhacophoridae |
Genus: | Zhangixalus |
Species: | Z. arvalis |
Binomial name | |
Zhangixalus arvalis (Lue, Lai, and Chen, 1995) [2] | |
Synonyms [3] | |
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Zhangixalus arvalis is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. [1] [3] [4] [5] It is endemic to western and southwestern Taiwan and is present in agricultural areas of Chiayi, Yunlin, and Tainan Counties. [1] [3] [4] Common name farmland green treefrog has been coined for it. [3]
Zhangixalus arvalis is a medium-sized treefrog; adult males measure 39–46 mm (1.5–1.8 in) and adult females 60–64 mm (2.4–2.5 in) in snout–vent length. The tympanum is visible, but it is dorsally and posteriorly concealed by the thin supratympanic fold. The fingers and the toes have well-developed discs and are webbed; webbing is weakly developed between the fingers but more prominent between the toes. Skin is granulated. The dorsum varies from dark green, green, yellowish-green, to nearly yellow. The upper lip is white, and the white color continues as a white stripe on the flanks; flank below the white stripe is dark purple. The lower lip and edge of gular region are silver gray to white. [2]
Zhangixalus arvalis occurs in disturbed lowland (elevations below 1,000 m (3,300 ft)) agricultural areas where traditional farming practices prevails; it inhabits bamboo forests, orchards, sugar-cane fields, scrubland, and cultivated fields. [1] Reproduction involves a lek-type mating system where males form a chorus group on twigs or leaves near canopy. Female selects a male and carries him down to the damp forest floor (usually a temporary pool [2] ), digs a hole, lays foamy eggs in the nest, and then covers the nest with decomposed bamboo leaves or other plant material. [4] The development to metamorphosis takes about 40 days. [2]
The population of Zhangixalus arvalis is fragmented. [4] It is threatened by habitat loss caused by infrastructure development for industry and human settlement, and by agricultural pollution. Conservation measures include maintaining traditional agricultural practices. [1] Taiwan Wildlife Conservation Act classifies its as "endangered", [5] as do the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. [1]
Odorrana swinhoana is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is endemic to Taiwan and widely distributed in hilly areas below 2,000 m (6,600 ft). It is named for Robert Swinhoe, a British naturalist and diplomat. Its common names include Swinhoe's brown frog, Bangkimtsing frog, brown-backed odorous frog, Taiwan odorous frog, and Taiwan sucker frog.
The Ryukyu Kajika frog, Japanese Buerger's frog, or Japanese stream treefrog is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is found in the Ryukyu Islands (Japan) and in Taiwan.
Buergeria robusta is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is sympatric with Buergeria japonica but is much larger in size.
Kurixalus eiffingeri is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is found in Taiwan and on the Yaeyama Islands of Japan. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Zhangixalus dorsoviridis, also known as the green-back treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae that is found in northern Vietnam and southern China (Yunnan). It may be confused with Rhacophorus nigropunctatus. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Zhangixalus schlegelii is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Japan and found in Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu as well as the Ryukyu Islands. It is named after Hermann Schlegel, a 19th-century German zoologist.
Zhangixalus omeimontis is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae endemic to China. Its common name is Omei whipping frog or Omei treefrog, in reference to its type locality, Mount Emei (Chinese: 峨嵋山; pinyin: Éméi Shān; Wade–Giles: O2-mei2 Shan1) in Sichuan. It is found in southern and central China in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, and Hubei provinces. It is a relatively common frog that inhabits forests, and sometimes farmland. It breeds in still water (pools and ponds). Agriculture and logging are threats to this species.
Zhangixalus aurantiventris is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Taiwan. It is known from scattered localities across Taiwan at low to mid altitudes.
The Chinese flying frog or Chinese gliding frog is a species of tree frog in the family Rhacophoridae found in China, Laos, Burma, and Vietnam. It is also known as Blanford's whipping frog, large treefrog, and Denny's whipping frog.
Rhacophorus exechopygus is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is found in the Central Highlands of Vietnam and in the adjacent Annamite Range in Laos. Its range may extend into northeastern Cambodia where suitable habitat should be present. The specific name exechopygus is derived from the Greek words exechos and pygos (=buttocks), referring to the infra-anal projection characteristic of this frog. Its common names are spinybottom tree frog and Tramlap flying tree frog.
Zhangixalus smaragdinus is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae found in southwestern China, north-eastern India, Nepal, western Thailand, and northern Vietnam, and possibly in Bangladesh.
Zhangixalus moltrechti is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Taiwan, where it has a wide distribution in hilly areas. Common names Moltrecht's green treefrog, Moltrecht's treefrog, Taiwan treefrog, and Nantou flying frog have been coined for it.
Zhangixalus prasinatus is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae endemic to northern Taiwan. It is the largest tree frog in Taiwan; females can reach 7 cm (2.8 in) in snout-vent length. It is known from Taipei, Yilan, and Taoyuan.
The Taipei tree frog is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to central and northern Taiwan. It is a medium-sized tree frog; females are 4.5–5.5 cm (1.8–2.2 in) in snout-vent length, and males are slightly smaller 3.5–4.5 cm (1.4–1.8 in).
Zhangixalus yinggelingensis is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae endemic to Yinggeling National Nature Reserve, Hainan, China. Its specific name refers to the type locality, Yinggeling, a mountain range in central Hainan.
Zhangixalus jarujini is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to north-eastern Thailand and known from the Kalasin, Roi Et, and Ubon Ratchathani Provinces. The specific name jarujini honours Jarujin Nabhitabhata from the National Science Museum of Thailand. Common name Jarujin's treefrog has been coined for it.
Zhangixalus is a genus of frogs in the subfamily Rhacophorinae, family Rhacophoridae. They are collectively known as Zhang's treefrogs. They occur in the Eastern Himalayas, southern China, Taiwan, Japan, and southeast Asia.
Zhangixalus jodiae, also known as Jodi's treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is named in honour of Jodi Rowley, Australian herpetologist, for her "great contribution to amphibian taxonomy in Asia". Zhangixalus jodiae is endemic to northeastern Vietnam and is only known from the vicinity of its type locality in Quản Bạ District, Hà Giang Province. It belongs to a clade of Zhangixalus inhabiting karst forests of southern China and northern Vietnam.