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| Zhu Xueqin | |||||||||
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| Traditional Chinese | 朱學勤 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 朱学勤 | ||||||||
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| Movements in contemporary |
| Chinese political thought |
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Zhu Xueqin (born 1952) is a Shanghai-based Chinese historian and public intellectual. He is a major exponent of contemporary Chinese liberalism.
Born in Shanghai, Zhu was shaped in his eventual outlook by China's Cultural Revolution, when he was sent to rural Lankao County, Henan as a "sent-down youth" in 1970. In 1972, he was transferred to factory work.
After earning an MA in history in 1985 from Shaanxi Normal University, from 1985 to 1991 Zhu taught in the Air Force Politics Institute. In 1992, he graduated from Fudan University with a doctorate in history. Since 1991, he has been a Professor in the Department of History, Academy of Letters, Shanghai University.
He wrote an article entitled "1998: The Discourse of Liberalism," which spoke of a "resurfacing" of liberal thought and was published in the widely circulated Southern Weekly .
He has participated in many public activities, such as circular letter campaigns, in support of human rights, freedom of speech, and political reform.
An interview with him entitled "For a Chinese Liberalism" is published in the book One China, Many Paths. [1]
The Cultural Revolution, formally known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in the People's Republic of China (PRC) launched by Mao Zedong in 1966, and lasting until his death in 1976. Its stated goal was to preserve Chinese communism by purging remnants of capitalist and traditional elements from Chinese society. Though it failed to achieve its main goals, the Revolution marked the effective, ultimately permanent return of Mao to the center of power. This had come after a period of relative abstention for Mao, who had been sidelined by the more moderate Seven Thousand Cadres Conference in the aftermath of the Great Leap Forward and the following Great Chinese Famine, which occurred while he was still chairman of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
The history of the Chinese literature, some scholars prefer the term "Sinophone literature", extends thousands of years, from the earliest recorded dynastic court archives to the mature vernacular fiction novels that arose during the Ming dynasty to entertain the masses of literate Chinese. The introduction of widespread woodblock printing during the Tang dynasty (618–907) and the invention of movable type printing by Bi Sheng (990–1051) during the Song dynasty (960–1279) rapidly spread written knowledge throughout China. In more modern times, the author Lu Xun (1881–1936) is considered an influential voice of baihua literature in China.
Tian Han, formerly romanized as T'ien Han, was a Chinese drama activist, playwright, a leader of revolutionary music and films, as well as a translator and poet. He emerged at the time of the New Culture Movement of the early 20th century and continued to be active until the Cultural Revolution, when he was denounced and jailed for two years until his death, before being "posthumously rehabilitated" by the Chinese authorities in 1979. He is considered by drama historians as one of the three founders of Chinese spoken drama, together with Ouyang Yuqian and Hong Shen. His most famous legacy may be the lyrics he wrote for "March of the Volunteers" in 1934, which were later adopted as the national anthem of the People's Republic of China.
Guo Moruo, courtesy name Dingtang (鼎堂), was a Chinese author, poet, historian, archaeologist, and government official.
The Misty Poets are a group of 20th-century Chinese poets who reacted against the restrictions on art during the Cultural Revolution. They are so named because their work has been officially denounced as "obscure", "misty", or "hazy" poetry. But according to Gu Cheng, "the defining characteristic of this new type of poetry is its realism—it begins with objective realism but veers towards a subjective realism; it moves from a passive reaction toward active creation." The movement was initially centered on the magazine Jintian, which was founded by Bei Dao and Mang Ke and published from 1978 until 1980, when it was banned.
Zhu Xiao Di is a Chinese-American writer. He authored a biographical work, Thirty Years in a Red House: A Memoir of Childhood and Youth in Communist China, which was listed for further reading in MSN encyclopedia under the topic of "Communism" along with a few other books. He also authored a novel Tales of Judge Dee, and 6 collections of essays in Chinese including Leisure Thoughts on Idle Books (闲书闲话), 地老天荒读书闲, 闲读近乎勇, 等闲识得书几卷, 域外闲读, and 闲读闲记.
Liberalism in China is a development from classical liberalism as it was introduced into China during the Republican period and, later, reintroduced after the end of the Cultural Revolution.
Zhang Chengzhi is a contemporary Hui Chinese author. Often named as the most influential Muslim writer in China, his historical narrative History of the Soul, about the rise of the Jahriyya (哲合忍耶) Sufi order, was the second-most popular book in China in 1994.
Shu Ting is the pen name of Gong Peiyu, a modern Chinese poet associated with the Misty Poets. She began writing poetry in the 1970's and later had her works published.
The Tsinghua Bamboo Strips are a collection of Chinese texts dating to the Warring States period and written in ink on strips of bamboo, that were acquired in 2008 by Tsinghua University, China. The texts were obtained by illegal excavation, probably of a tomb in the area of Hubei or Hunan province, and were then acquired and donated to the university by an alumnus. The very large size of the collection and the significance of the texts for scholarship make it one of the most important discoveries of early Chinese texts to date.
Tomiko Satō was the common-law wife of the Chinese Communist scholar and poet Guo Moruo. She is often referred to in Chinese sources as Guo Anna, the way Guo Moruo called her. Satō Tomiko spent about 20 years with Guo, in Japan and in China, until they were separated by the war, and they had five children together.
Qi Benyu was a Chinese Communist theorist, mainly active during the Cultural Revolution. Qi was a member of the ultra-left Cultural Revolution Group, director of the Department of Petitions and deputy director of the Secretary Bureau of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. Qi also acted as head of the history department of the communist theory journal Red Flag. In 1968 he was arrested, stripped of all his positions, and sent to prison.
The Central Guoshu Institute was established in Nanjing by the Kuomintang government of the Republic of China in March 1928 for the propagation of Chinese martial arts, and was an important center of martial arts during the Nanjing decade. Guoshu "national art" was the term for martial arts adopted by the Republic of China at the time. The institute was created by Zhang Zhijiang under the sponsorship of elite government officials such as Li Liejun and others. Along with the Jing Wu Athletic Association, the academy played a crucial role in the transmission of traditional Chinese martial arts into the 20th century.
The Holy Pearl is a 2011 Chinese television series starring Gillian Chung as the daughter of an archaeologist. She travels back in time only to discovers she is the reincarnation of a warrior-priestess. She teams up with a human-dragon hybrid to recover a broken magical vase. The series took elements from the Japanese manga series Inuyasha, but the main protagonist is the modern girl and not the half-demon from the past.
Zhuang Xueben was one of China's first ethnographic photographers. In the 1930s, he left his native Shanghai and travelled to western China to photograph the minority people in four provinces: Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai. During the almost ten years of ethnographic research, he took more than ten thousand photographs and wrote a vast amount of materials including research reports, travel notes, and journals. In 1941, he held a photographic exhibition on Xikang in several Chinese cities and about 200,000 people attended the exhibit. These photos and written materials have become a valuable source for anthropologists to the ethnic groups in western China.
Peng Shuzhi was an early leader of the Chinese Communist Party who was expelled from the party for being a Trotskyist. After the Communist victory in China, he lived in exile in Vietnam, France and the United States. His memoir was published in France by his daughter Cheng Yingxiang and son-in-law Claude Cadart.
Chen Mingyuan is a Chinese scholar who works in various disciplines such as linguistics, mathematics, informatics, computer sciences, and modern poetry. On April 23, 1989, Chen gave a speech at Peking University, expressing his support for the student movements and criticisms of the government. This speech was considered a trigger for the later escalation of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre.
Sun Yueh was a Taiwanese actor.
Fung Hak-on was a Hong Kong actor. He appears in Hong Kong films since the 1960s until mid 2010s.