Śrīpati

Last updated • 3 min readFrom Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

Śrīpati (c. 1019 – 1066), also transliterated as Shri-pati, was an Indian astronomer, astrologer and mathematician. His major works include Dhīkotida-karana (1039), a work of twenty verses on solar and lunar eclipses; Dhruva-mānasa (written in 1056), a work of 105 verses on calculating planetary longitudes, eclipses and planetary transits; Siddhānta-śekhara a major work on astronomy in 19 chapters; and Gaṇita-tilaka , an incomplete arithmetical treatise in 125 verses based on a work by Shridhara.

Contents

Biography

Śrīpati was born in Rohinikhand in present-day Maharashtra, and lived during (c. 1019–1066. [1] His father was Naga-deva (sometimes written as Namadeva) and his grandfather was Kesava. [2]

Śrīpati followed the teachings of Lalla, and wrote on astrology, astronomy and mathematics. [1] He was mainly focused on astrology, and his work on astronomy was aimed at supporting his research on astrology; his work on mathematics, in turn, was aimed at supporting his work on astronomy, such as the study of spheres. [2]

Śrīpati had introduced one of the main methods of house division in Jyotiṣa, known as Śrīpati Bhāva system.

Works

Dhīkotida-karana

Dhīkotida-karana (1039) is 20-verse text that discusses solar and lunar eclipses. [1]

Commentaries on this text include:

Dhruva-mānasa

Dhruva-mānasa (1056) is a 105-verse text on calculating planetary longitudes, eclipses and planetary transits. [1]

Siddhānta-śekhara

Siddhānta-śekhara (Siddhanta-shekhara) is a major work on astronomy in 19 chapters. Some of the notable chapters include: [2]

The work also contains the rules for the solution of simultaneous indeterminate equations of the first degree; these rules are similar to those given by Brahmagupta. [2]

Gaṇita-tilaka

Gaṇita-tilaka is an incomplete, 125-verse treatise on arithmetics, based on a work by Shridhara. Its lost portion possibly consisted of the verses 19-55 of Chapter 13 of Siddhānta-śekhara. [2]

Jyotiṣa-ratna-mālā

Jyotiṣa-ratna-mālā (Jyotisha-ratna-mala) is a 20-chapter text on astrology, based on the Jyotisha-ratna-kosha of Lalla. Śrīpati wrote a commentary on this work in Marathi language: this is one of the oldest surviving Marathi-language works. [2]

Commentaries on this text include:

Jātaka-paddhati

Jātaka-paddhati, also known as Śrīpati-paddhatiḥ (Shripati-paddhati), is an 8-chapter text on astrology. [2]

According to David Pingree, the text is "one of the fundamental textbooks for later Indian genethlialogy, contributing an impressive elaboration to the computation of the strengths of the planets and astrological places. It was enormously popular, as the large number of manuscripts, commentaries, and imitations attests." [16]

Commentaries on this text include:

Achyutha Pisharadi wrote Hora-sarochchaya, a 7-chapter adaptation of Jātaka-paddhati. [20]

Other

Daivajña-vallabha, a work on astrology, concludes with excerpts from several works of Varaha-mihira. Some writers attribute this work to Varaha-mihira, [2] but according to David Pingree, it is more likely to be Śrīpati's work. [21] Narayana (Narayana Pandita?) wrote Subodhini, a Hindi-language version of Daivajña-vallabha (1905). [22]

The Manasagari or Janma-patrika-paddhati attributed to Kalyana Rishi (fl. after 1629) includes extensive quotations and adaptations of content from Śrīpati's Ratnamala and Shripati-paddhati. [23] also he had given the most useful method of division

See also


Related Research Articles

Hindu astrology, also called Indian astrology, Jyotisha and, more recently, Vedic astrology, is the traditional Hindu system of astrology. It is one of the six auxiliary disciplines in Hinduism that is connected with the study of the Vedas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mangala</span> Deity of Planet Mars

Mangala is the personification, as well as the name for the planet Mars, in Hindu literature. Also known as Lohita, he is the deity of anger, aggression, as well as war. According to Vaishnavism, he is the son of Bhumi, the earth goddess, and Vishnu, born when the latter raised her from the depths of the primordial waters in his Varaha avatar.According to Shaivism, once when Shiva was engrossed in meditation on Mount Kailash, three drops of perspiration from his forehead fell on Earth. From those drops was born a beautiful infant with a reddish complexion and four arms. Shiva handed the child to Mother Earth for upbringing. Brought up by Bhumi, the child was named Bhauma.

Munishvara or Munīśvara Viśvarūpa was an Indian mathematician who wrote several commentaries including one on astronomy, the Siddhanta Sarvabhauma (1646), which included descriptions of astronomical instruments such as the pratoda yantra. Another commentary he wrote was the Lilavativivruti. Very little is known about him other than that he came from a family of astronomers including his father Ranganatha who wrote a commentary called the Gụ̄hārthaprakaśa/Gūḍhārthaprakāśikā, a commentary on the Suryasiddhanta. His grandfather Ballala had his origins in Dadhigrama in Vidharba and had moved to Benares. Ballala had several sons who wrote commentaries on astronomy and mathematics. Munisvara's Siddhantasarvabhauma had the patronage of Shah Jahan like his paternal uncle Krishna Daivagna did. He was opposed to fellow mathematician Kamalakara, whose brother also wrote a critique of Munisvara's bhangi-vibhangi method for planetary motions. He was also opposed to the adoption of some mathematical ideas in spherical trigonometry from Arab scholars. An edition of his Siddhanta Sarvabhauma was published in the Princess of Wales Sarasvati Bhavana Granthamala series edited by Gopinath Kaviraj. Munisvara's book had twelve chapters in two parts. The second part had notes on astronomical instruments. He was a follower of Bhaskara II.

Varāhamihira, also called Varāha or Mihira, was an astrologer-astronomer who lived in or around Ujjain in present-day Madhya Pradesh, India.

Utpala, also known as Bhaṭṭotpala was an astronomer from Kashmir region of present-day India, who lived in the 10th century. He wrote several Sanskrit-language texts on astrology and astronomy, the best-known being his commentaries on the works of the 6th-century astrologer-astronomer Varāhamihira.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shukra</span> Deity of the planet Venus

Shukra is a Sanskrit word that means "clear" or "bright". It also has other meanings, such as the name of a sage who counselled the asuras in Vedic mythology. In medieval mythology and Hindu astrology, the word refers to the planet Venus, one of the Navagrahas.

<i>Surya Siddhanta</i> Sanskrit text on Indian astronomy

The Surya Siddhanta is a Sanskrit treatise in Indian astronomy dated to 4th to 5th century, in fourteen chapters. The Surya Siddhanta describes rules to calculate the motions of various planets and the moon relative to various constellations, diameters of various planets, and calculates the orbits of various astronomical bodies. The text is known from a 15th-century CE palm-leaf manuscript, and several newer manuscripts. It was composed or revised probably c. 800 CE from an earlier text also called the Surya Siddhanta. The Surya Siddhanta text is composed of verses made up of two lines, each broken into two halves, or pãds, of eight syllables each.

<i>Aryabhatiya</i> Sanskrit astronomical treatise by the 5th century Indian mathematician Aryabhata

Aryabhatiya or Aryabhatiyam, a Sanskrit astronomical treatise, is the magnum opus and only known surviving work of the 5th century Indian mathematician Aryabhata. Philosopher of astronomy Roger Billard estimates that the book was composed around 510 CE based on historical references it mentions.

The Yavanajātaka, written by Sphujidhvaja, is an ancient text in Indian astrology.

A jyotiḥśāstra is a text from a classical body of literature on the topic of Hindu astrology, known as Jyotiṣa, dating to the medieval period of Classical Sanskrit literature. Only the most important ones exist in scholarly editions or translations, while many remain unedited in Sanskrit or vernacular manuscripts.

The Brihat Parashara Hora Shastra is the most comprehensive extant Śāstra on Vedic natal astrology, in particular the Horā branch. Though ascribed to Maharṣi Parāśara, the origin and date of the original composition is unknown. The most popular version of the BPHS consists of 97 chapters, a 1984 translation by R. Santhanam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Budha</span> Deity of Planet Mercury

Budha is the Sanskrit word for the planet Mercury. Budha is also a god of Planet Mercury.

Golagrama is a village or region in India associated with several medieval Indian astronomers, astrologers and mathematicians. Presently there is no place bearing the name Golagrama anywhere in India. It is known that Golagrama was situated in Maharashtra State on the northern banks of river Godavari, was near Partha-puri (Pathari) in Maharashtra and was about 320 km away from Amravati town in Maharashtra. It is sometimes identified as a place named Golgam at latitude 18° N longitude 78° E. The name Golagrama considered as a word in Sanskrit could literally be translated as sphere-village.

Brihat Jataka or Brihat Jatakam or Brihajjatakam, is one of the five principal texts written by Varāhamihira, the other four being Panchasiddhantika, Brihat Samhita, Laghu Jataka and Yogayatra. It is also one of the five major treatises on Hindu predictive astrology, the other four being Saravali of Kalyanavarma, Sarvartha Chintamani of Venkatesh, Jataka Parijata of Vaidyanatha and Phaladeepika of Mantreswara. The study of this classic text makes one grasp the fundamentals of astrology.

Mansagari is a popular classical treatise on Hindu predictive astrology. It is written in the usual poetic form in the traditional Sanskrit Sloka format; the language and the method of expression used are both simple and unambiguous, and therefore, easy to understand. Its author, Janardan Harji, about whom not much is known, was the son of Janardan, of Gurjar Mandala, who belonged to the Shandilya Gotra, who was also a learned and renowned astrologer of his time and place. This text, comprising five chapters, covers briefly the essential parts of Ganitha and Siddhanta, but deals with the Phalita portion of Hindu astrology in far greater detail. It has described numerous yogas and Raja yogas and also narrated their effects, as also the results of the planetary dashas as all major dasha systems in vogue. Along with the more renowned works of Parashara and Varahamihira, Mansagari has remained a standard reference book. The book, Three Hundred Important Combinations, was written by Bangalore Venkata Raman on the basis of Jataka Tantra, Parashara Hora Sastra and Mansagari.

Jataka Parijata is an Indian astrological text that is ranked alongside Bṛhat Parāśara Horāśāstra of Parāśara Muni, Bṛhat Jātaka of Varāhamihira and Phaladīpikāḥ of Mantreśvara. It is regularly studied as a textbook and a reliable reference-book, and is one of the few books that gives time on the nativity, the other two being Horā Ratnaṃ and Jātaka Bharaṇaṃ.

Nila-kantha was a 16th-century astrologer and astronomer and Sanskrit writer from the Mughal Empire of present-day India. He was a royal astrologer to emperor Akbar, and contributed to Todarananda, an encyclopedia sponsored by Akbar's minister Todara-malla. He wrote Tajika-Nilakanthi, the most popular work on the Tajika astrology, and possibly compiled Prashna-tantra, a work on interrogational astrology, based on an earlier text.

Anavama-darshin, also known by his Pali name Anomadassi, was a Buddhist monk and author from Dambadeniya in present-day Sri Lanka. He is best known as the author of the Sanskrit astrological treatise Daivajna-Kamadhenu.

Karana-kutuhala is a 1183 CE Sanskrit-language book on jyotisha by Bhaskara II, a mathematician-astronomer from present-day India.

Keshava was an astrologer and astronomer from Nandigrama in present-day western India.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Ravi P. Agarwal; Syamal K. Sen, eds. (2014). Creators of Mathematical and Computational Sciences. Springer. p. 116. ISBN   9783319108704.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Śrīpati", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
  3. ↑ David Pingree 1994, p. 457.
  4. ↑ David Pingree 1976, p. 102.
  5. ↑ David Pingree 1994, p. 136.
  6. ↑ David Pingree 1994, p. 209.
  7. ↑ David Pingree 1994, p. 503.
  8. ↑ David Pingree 1994, p. 740.
  9. ↑ David Pingree 1994, p. 246.
  10. ↑ David Pingree 1994, p. 394.
  11. ↑ David Pingree 1970, p. 58.
  12. ↑ David Pingree 1994, p. 495.
  13. ↑ David Pingree 1976, p. 43.
  14. ↑ David Pingree 1970, p. 50.
  15. ↑ David Pingree 1970, p. 55.
  16. ↑ D Pingree, Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990).
  17. ↑ David Pingree 1994, p. 369.
  18. ↑ David Pingree 1976, p. 122.
  19. ↑ David Pingree 1970, p. 36.
  20. 1 2 David Pingree 1970, p. 38.
  21. ↑ David Pingree 1994, p. 562.
  22. ↑ David Pingree 1976, p. 168.
  23. ↑ David Pingree 1971, p. 25.

Bibliography

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.