Kerala Police

Kerala State Police കേരള പോലീസ്
Emblem
Flag
Abbreviation	KP
Motto	മൃദു ഭാവെ ദൃഢ കൃത്യേ "Mridhu Bhave Dhrida Kruthye" "Soft in Temperament, Firm in Action" മൃദുവായ പെരുമാറ്റം, ദൃഢമായ കർമ്മങ്ങൾ ( Malayalam)
Agency overview
Formed	November 1, 1956
Annual budget	₹4,406 crore (US$550 million) (2021–22 est.) [1]
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdiction	Kerala, IN
Jurisdiction of Kerala Police
Size	15,008.13 sq mi (38,870.88 km2)
Population	34,630,192
Legal jurisdiction	As per operations jurisdiction
Governing body	Government of Kerala
Constituting instrument	Kerala Police Act, 2011
General nature	Local civilian police
Operational structure
Overseen by	Department of Home, Government of Kerala
Headquarters	Vazhuthacaud, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala – 695010
Map of Kerala Police Department's jurisdiction. The map on left shows Kerala in India and on right shows the State with Thiruvananthapuram district in red.
Sworn members	62,618 (Sanctioned) [2] 57,819 (Actual)
Minister responsible	Pinarayi Vijayan, Chief Minister of Kerala & Minister of Home Affairs
Agency executive	Sheikh Darvesh Saheb, IPS, State Police Chief
Units	List of units Law and Order Crime Branch State Special Branch Training Armed Battalion Coastal Security State Crime Records Bureau Protection of Civil Rights Administration (HQ)
Specialized Units	List of units Highway Police Tourism Police Traffic Enforcement Units Railway Police Mounted Police Coastal Police Forensic Division Women Cell Pink Patrol K9 Squad High-Tech Crime Cell Anti-Terrorism Squad Special Operation Group Bomb Detection and Disposal Squad DANSAF
Facilities
Police Stations	564 (as of 2021) [2]
Police vehicles	Force Gurkha Mahindra Bolero Tata Sumo Mahindra TUV300 Toyota Innova Chevrolet Tavera Mahindra Thar Swift Dzire
Dogs	82 (41 Sniffer Dogs)
Horses	25
Notables
Programme	List of key Projects Student Police Cadet Project Janamaithri Suraksha Project Kerala Police Cyberdome
Significant Operation	Operation P-Hunt
Website
keralapolice.gov.in

The Kerala Police ^{[3] [4]} is the law enforcement agency for the Indian state of Kerala. ^[5] Kerala Police has its headquarters in Thiruvananthapuram, the state capital. The motto of the force is "Mridhu Bhave Dhrida Kruthye" which means "Soft in Temperament, Firm in Action" in Sanskrit. ^[6] It operates under the Department of Home Affairs, Government of Kerala. The force is headed by the State Police Chief, and the incumbent chief is Shaikh Darvesh Sahib, IPS. ^[7]

Kerala Police has a reputation for being one of the best-managed state police forces in the nation, and the state ranks among the top states for maintaining law and order. One of the first police forces in South Asia to put community policing into practise is Kerala Police, which was one of the first to do so through legislation. The term "Janamaithri" Policing, which means "people-friendly Policing," is used to refer to it.

According to the data from Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPRD), there are a total of 564 police stations in Kerala. ^[8] Among them, 484 police stations deal with local law enforcement, while the remaining 80 are specialised for specific purposes. ^{[9] [10]} Out of these, 382 police stations are located in rural areas, while 102 police stations are located in urban areas. ^[11]

The rural police stations account for the majority of police stations in Kerala, comprising approximately 68% of the total. The urban police stations account for about 18% of the total, while the special purpose police stations account for about 14% of the total.

History

Prior to independence, the Kerala Police was governed by different administrations. ^[12]

Kerala Police traces its roots to the erstwhile Travancore State Police, which was established in 1936. After the integration of the princely states of Travancore and Cochin, the present-day Kerala Police was formed in 1956. The first Chief of Kerala Police was Shri. N.Chandrasekharan Nair IPS. ^[13]

Current office holders

Name	Status	Rank
Shaik Darvesh Saheb IPS	State Police Chief	DGP
Manoj Abraham IPS	ADGP, Intelligence	ADGP
M.R Ajithkumar IPS	Law and Order, Protection of Civil Rights (Full Addl.Charge) & APBn(Addl.Charge)	ADGP
H Venkatesh IPS	ADGP, Crime Branch, EOW (HQ)(Full Addl. Charge), IGP CB (Trivandrum, Kozhikode), IGP Cyber Operation & IGP SCRB	ADGP
Gopesh Agrawal IPS	Director, Kerala Police Academy	ADGP
P Vijayan IPS	IGP, Training KEPA	IGP
Harshita Attaluri IPS	IGP, Head Quarters	IGP
K. Sethu Raman IPS	IGP, North Zone	IGP
G. Sparjan Kumar IPS	IGP, South Zone & IGP Security(Addl. Charge)	IGP
Nagaraju Chakilam IPS	Commissioner of Police,Thiruvananthapuram City	IGP
S Shyamsundar IPS	Commissioner of Police, Kochi City	IGP
A Akbar IPS	IGP, CB(Ernakulam)	IGP

Organization

Pink Police Patrol on duty

Police headquarters

Kerala Police is headed by the State Police Chief. He is the senior most Indian Police Service officer in the State and is of the rank of Director General of Police (DGP). State Police Chief is designated as the Head of the department for all administrative and operational purposes. The state police headquarters is also the office of the State Police Chief and is situated in Thiruvananthapuram, the state's capital. The SPC is assisted by staff officers ranging from the Additional Director General of Police to the Deputy Superintendent of Police at the headquarters. The HQ oversees and coordinates the overall functioning of the police force in the state.

The state police structure comprises units like Law & Order, Crime Branch, Armed Police Battalions, State Special Branch, Kerala Police Academy, Coastal Police, State Crime Records Bureau, Social Policing and Traffic, Economic Offences Wing, Protection of Civil Rights, and Cyber Operations. Each unit is further divided into several divisions, zones, ranges, districts for better administration. Each unit is overseen by an officer with the rank of Additional Director General of Police (ADGP).

Law and Order

Badge of Kerala Police.

The Additional Director General of Police, Law and Order, is the head of this wing, and the headquarters are situated in Thiruvananthapuram. The ADGP L&O is responsible for the overall supervision and administration of the zones, ranges, and district police under the general control of the State Police Chief.

Zones

The state of Kerala is divided into two police zones: South Zone and North Zone. Each zone is headed by an Inspector General of Police (IGP). The headquarters of the South Zone is at Nandavanam in Thiruvananthapuram district and the North Zone is at Nadakkavu in Kozhikode. The zone is further divided into ranges, with each police range encompassing several police districts. There are four police ranges in total: Thiruvananthapuram Range, Ernakulam Range, Thrissur Range, and Kannur Range. Kannur Range and Thrissur Range comes under North Zone, whereas Ernakulam Range and Thiruvananthapuram Range comes under South Zone.

Ranges

A police range consists several police districts under its jurisdiction. There are four police ranges: Thiruvananthapuram, Ernakulam, Thrissur and Kannur. Each range is headed by a Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG).

Police Districts

There are 20 police districts in total. Eight of these police districts are coterminous with their respective revenue districts, while the remaining 12 police districts are situated within revenue districts that are bifurcated into city and rural. Out of these 20 police districts, 14 are rural police districts, and 6 are city police districts (also known as commissionerates). Each district is headed by a District Police Chief (DPC). The DPC is assisted by a Additional Superintendent of Police at the district police headquarters. Each district comprises two or more Sub-Divisions, several Police Stations and other special units.

Sub divisions

Each Police district is divided into some subdivisions to supervise activities of several police stations under its jurisdiction. There are 91 police sub-divisions in Kerala. Each sub-division is headed by a Deputy Superintendent of Police (DySP) or an Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP) in the case of city police sub-divisions.

The police officer in charge of a sub division is called Sub Divisional Police Officer (SDPO). DYSPs or ACPs are posted as SDPOs. A sub-division consists several Police Stations under its jurisdiction.

Police Stations

A Sub Division is further divided into Police Station areas, each of which is under an Inspector of Police designated as Station House Officer (SHO).

A Police Station is the basic unit of policing, responsible for prevention and detection of crime, maintenance of public order, enforcing law in general as well as for performing protection duties and making security arrangements for the constitutional authorities, government functionaries, representatives of the public in different legislative bodies and local self governments, public figures etc.

Inspectors in charge of police stations are known as Inspector SHOs (ISHO). In small police stations sub-inspectors are appointed as SHOs. At the police station level, there are typically two wings: the law and order and the crime investigation. These are headed by a sub-inspector of police (SIs) who oversees the respective functions of maintaining public order and conducting criminal investigations within the station's jurisdiction. The SHO is assisted by sub-inspectors of police, assistant sub-inspectors of police, senior civil police officers, and civil police officers. The section known as General Executive is working in the police stations of Kerala. ^[14]

• Police Zones are headed by Inspectors General of Police (IGPs)
• Police Ranges are headed by Deputy Inspectors General of Police (DIGs)
• Police Districts, excluding Thiruvananthapuram City, Kochi City and Kozhikode City are headed by District Police Chiefs of the rank of Superintendent of Police (SPs)

Police Commissionerates

A police commissionerate is a law enforcement body especially in the urban parts of the state. The commissionerate is headed by a Commissioner of Police. There are Six commissionerates under Kerala Police for Urban Area policing.

Thiruvananthapuram City Police and Kochi City Police are headed by Commissioners of Police with the rank of Inspector General of Police (IGP), while the Kozhikode City Police is headed by the Commissioner of Police with the rank of Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG). The remaining Kollam City Police, Thrissur City Police, and Kannur City Police are headed by Commissioners of the rank of Superintendent of Police (SP).

The Commissioners of Police in Thiruvananthapuram City, Kochi City, and Kozhikode City are assisted by Deputy Commissioners of Police (DCPs) with the rank of Superintendent of Police (SP). Each DCP is in charge of Law and Order, Crimes, Traffic, and Administration. The DCPs are assisted by Additional DCPs and Assistant Commissioners of Police (ACPs) with the rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police. ^{[15] [16]}

• The Police Commissioners of Thiruvananthapuram City and Kochi City report directly to the State Police Chief through the ADGP, Law and Order. ^[17]
• Presently these Commissionerates are not vested with magisterial powers. ^[18]

Zones, ranges and districts

Zone	Range	Police Districts
South Zone.	Thiruvananthapuram Range	Thiruvananthapuram Rural, Kollam City, Kollam Rural, Pathanamthitta
	Ernakulam Range	Alappuzha, Kottayam, Idukki, Ernakulam Rural
North Zone.	Thrissur Range	Thrissur City, Thrissur Rural, Palakkad, Malappuram
	Kannur Range	Kozhikode City, Kozhikode Rural, Wayanad, Kannur City, Kannur Rural, Kasargod

Rural Police Districts

Sl.No	Rural Police District	Headquarters
1	Thiruvananthapuram Rural	Thiruvananthapuram
2	Kollam Rural	Kottarakkara
3	Pathanamthitta	Pathanamthitta
4	Alappuzha	Alappuzha
5	Kottayam	Kottayam
6	Idukki	Painavu
7	Ernakulam Rural	Aluva
8	Thrissur Rural	Irinjalakuda
9	Palakkad	Palakkad
10	Malappuram	Malappuram
11	Kozhikode Rural	Vadakara
12	Kannur Rural	Mangattuparamba / Thaliparamba
13	Wayanad	Kalpetta
14	Kasaragod	Kasaragod

City Police Commissionerates

Sl.No	Police Commissionarates	Headquarters
1	Thiruvananthapuram City	Panavila
2	Kochi City	Ernakulam
3	Kozhikode City	Kozhikode
4	Kannur City	Talap
5	Kollam City	Mundakal
6	Thrissur City	Thrissur

Three Stars on blue background indicates DGP/ADGP rank.

Two Stars on blue background indicates IGP Rank.

One Star on blue background Indicates DIG Rank.

Flags displayed on the official vehicles of senior IPS officers, indicating the officer's rank. ^[19]

Hierarchy

Officers

• Director General of Police & State Police Chief (DGP & SPC)
• Additional Director General of Police (ADGP)
• Inspector General of Police (IG)
• Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG)
• Superintendent of Police (SP)
• Additional Superintendent of Police (Addl.SP)
• Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP) [ IPS]
• Deputy Superintendent of Police (DYSP) [ KPS]

Sub-ordinates

• Inspector of Police (IP) ^{[note 1]}
• Sub-Inspector of Police (SI)
• Assistant Sub-Inspector of Police (ASI)
• Head constable/Senior Civil Police Officer (SCPO)
• Constable/Civil Police Officer (CPO)

Insignia of Kerala Police (State Police)

KeralaPolice IPS Cadre Insignia ^{[20] [21] [22]}

Rank group	General / flag officers										Senior officers						Junior officers								Officer cadet
Insignia
Rank	Director General of Police		Additional Director General of Police [note 2]		Inspector General of Police		Deputy Inspector General of Police		Superintendent of Police (Selection Grade) [note 3]			Superintendent of Police		Additional superintendent of police [note 4]		Assistant Superintendent of Police						Assistant Superintendent of Police (Probationary Rank: 2 years of service)				Assistant Superintendent of Police (Probationary Rank: 1 year of service)
Abbreviation	DGP		ADGP		IG		DIG		SP (SG)			SP		Addl. SP		ASP						IPS Trainee				IPS Trainee
Note: Commissioner of Police is a post held by different rank officers in different places. For example, it is held by IG rank officers in Thiruvananthapuram City and Kochi City; by DIG rank officer in Kozhikode; by SP rank officers in Kollam City, Thrissur City, Kannur City etc.

Kerala Police Gazetted Officers Insignia ^{[23] [21] [22]}

Insignia
Rank	Superintendent of Police	Addl. Superintendent of Police	Deputy Superintendent of Police	Inspector of Police [note 5]
Abbreviation	SP	Addl. SP	DYSP	IP
Note: The rank of Inspector of Police is colloquially known as Circle Inspector (CI). Historically, the police circle office was overseen by an Inspector of Police with the designation of Circle Inspector. However, as of 2017, the specific post of Circle Inspector has been discontinued. [24]

Kerala Police Non Gazetted Officers Insignia

Insignia

No insignia

Rank

Sub Inspector of Police

Assistant Sub Inspector

Senior Civil Police Office r [note 6]

Civil Police Officer

Abbreviation

SI

ASI

SCPO

CPO

Crime Branch

Crime Branch
ക്രൈം ബ്രാഞ്ച്
Agency	Kerala Police
Type	Criminal Investigation Department
Role	Investigation of: Complex organized crimes Complicated and serious offences Financial frauds Economic offences (with huge ramifications) undetected or sensitive crime cases cases with inter-state ramifications cases assigned by govt, high court, state police chief nodal agency of Interpol
Headquarters	Thiruvananthapuram
Common name	CB-CID, CBCID
Abbreviation	CB
Structure
Ranges	List Thiruvananthapuram Ernakulam Kozhikode
Districts	14
Commanders
Current commander	Additional Director General of Police (Crimes)

The Crime Branch is the specialized investigation wing of the Kerala police. It is headed by an officer of the rank of Additional Director General of Police.

Crime Branch investigates cases that are entrusted to it by the State Police Chief or the Government or the High Court of Kerala. The Cyber Crime Police Stations and Hi-Tech Crime Enquiry Cell of the Kerala Police are functioning under the Crime Branch. This department was earlier known as Crime Branch-Criminal Investigation Department (CBCID).

Crime Branch is the Nodal agency for Interpol related matters in the State and conducts verifications or enquiries on behalf of Interpol.

Crime Branch is specialized in investigation of complex organized crimes, financial frauds, economic offences with huge ramifications, undetected or sensitive crime cases, cases with inter-state ramifications, etc.

Apart from this, the District Crime Branch (C-Branch) functions under the respective District Police Chiefs. District C-Branch is headed by a Deputy Superintendent of Police. District C Branch acts as specialized investigating wing of the District Police Chief which is mandated to help in investigating sensational cases at the district level.

Hierarchy of Crime Branch

• Addl. Director General of Police, Crimes
• Inspector General of Police, Crime Branch
• Superintendent of Police, Crime Branch
• Deputy Superintendent of Police, Crime Branch
• Detective Inspector
• Detective Sub Inspector
• Detective Assistant Sub Inspector
• Detective Sr. Police Officer
• Detective Police Officer

State Special Branch

State Special Branch
സംസ്ഥാന സ്പെഷ്യൽ ബ്രാഞ്ച്
Agency	Kerala
Type	state intelligence agency
Role	intelligence gathering on: political communal security national security labour activity security concerns matters affecting law and order
Common name	SBCID, SB-CID
Abbreviation	SSB
Structure
Ranges	4
Detachments	17
Commanders
Current commander	Additional Director General of Police (Intelligence)

The State Special Branch is the intelligence wing of the Kerala police. This wing is headed by an officer of the rank of Additional Director General of Police. The ADGP (intelligence) is assisted by Inspectors General of Police, Deputy Inspectors General of Police, Superintendents of Police and subordinate officers. The State Special Branch (SSB) is primarily concerned with the collection, collation and dissemination of intelligence on and about various political, communal, terrorist, national security, and labour activities and with relation to various law and order issues like agitations, strikes, demonstrations, protests, etc. The SSB functions as the eyes and ears of the government.

Armed police battalions

Armed police Bus

This wing is headed by an officer of the rank of Additional Director General of Police (ADGP APBn). There are eleven armed police battalions in the state, which serve as reserve forces to be deployed whenever and wherever district police fall short of manpower in the maintenance of law and order. Each battalion is headed by a Commandant of the rank of Superintendent of Police. ^[25] Malabar Special Police is the oldest paramilitary force of India after Assam Rifles.

Battalions

• Kerala Armed Police - KAP I (Tripunithura, Ernakulam)
• Kerala Armed Police - KAP II (Muttikulangara,Palakkad)
• Kerala Armed Police - KAP III (Adoor , Pathanamthitta)
• Kerala Armed Police - KAP IV (Mangattuparamba, Kannur)
• Kerala Armed Police - KAP V (Kuttikanam, Idukki)
• Malabar Special Police - MSP (Malappuram)
• Special Armed Police - SAP (Peroorkada, Thiruvananthapuram)
• Rapid Response and Rescue Force - RRRF (Pandikkad, Malappuram)
• India Reserve Battalion - IRBn (Ramavarmapuram,Thrissur)
• State Industrial Security Force - SISF (Peroorkada, Thiruvananthapuram)
• Armed Women Police Battalion - AWPBn (Kazhakkoottam, Thiruvananthapuram)

Hierarchy of Armed Police

• Additional Director General of Police (APBn)
• Deputy Inspector General of Police (APBn)
• Commandant (Cmdt.)
  (equivalent to SP)
• Deputy Commandant (DC)
  (equivalent to rank of Addl.SP)
• Assistant Commandant (AC)
  (equivalent to rank of DySP)
• Armed Police Inspector (API)
• Armed Police Sub Inspector (APSI)
• Armed Police Asst. Sub Inspector (APASI)
• Havildar (Hdr.)
• Armed Police Constable (PC)

Specialised units

Tourism Police

Tourism Police wing has been functioning in the state for maintaining law and order, preventing attack and harassment on tourists. They also assist the tourists for getting tourist related information, guidance, etc. ^[26] The uniform of Tourism Police Officers is sky blue shirt and khakee pants. International Tourism Police Station and Police Museum at Mattancherry in Ernakulam district is the first of its kind in the country which not only addresses grievances of tourists but also showcases the history of the Kerala Police. The primary aim of the station is to make the state of Kerala more tourist-friendly. ^[27]

Coastal Police

Coastal Police Stations handle the security of the coasts and carry out the patrolling in the sea up to 12 nautical miles. The cases reported on the sea (in the Territorial Waters) will be investigated by the Coastal Police. The headquarters of Kerala Coastal Police is situated at Kochi.

Railway Police

The responsibility of the Kerala Railway Police is to maintain law and order, prevent and detect crime on the railways and railway stations in Kerala. ^[28]

The Superintendent of Police (Railways) is under supervision of A.D.G.P (Intelligence & Railways). There are 13 Railway Police Stations in Kerala. They are located in the main Railway station premises at Trivandrum Central, Parassala, Kollam, Punalur, Alappuzha, Kottayam, Ernakulam Junction, Thrissur, Shornur, Palakkad, Kozhikode, Kannur and Kasargod. ^[29]

Pink Police Patrol

The main objectives of Pink Patrol are to prevent violence and crimes against women and children. ^[30] As part of improving women safety in public places, Kerala Police has rolled out a special patrol team called pink patrol with all women police officers, patrolling across all the busy areas of the various cities of Kerala. The team has been allotted pink Maruti Suzuki sedan cars. The Pink patrol vehicles are fitted with GPS and other smart equipments for faster response and assistance as well as has on-board cameras and scanning systems to identify potential offenders.

Narcotic Cell

Narcotic Cell collects intelligence on Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) and pass it on to concerned police stations according to the gravity of cases. Monitoring and Supervising cases registered under NDPS Act is also done by this wing. Abkari raids are being conducted by Narcotic Cell on information. District Narcotic Cell is functioning in all police districts, headed by an officer of the rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police, and under supervision of District Police Chiefs.

Women Cell

State Women Cell is headed by a Superintendent of Police. In addition, One District Women Cell is also functioning in all Police Districts, each headed by a Woman Inspector. The State Women Cell is functioning at the Police Headquarters in Thiruvananthapuram. The first Woman Police Station started at Kozhikode in 1973. ^[31]

Thunderbolts

See also: Kerala Thunderbolts

Thunderbolts is the elite commando unit of Kerala Police. It performs perilous counter-terrorism, jungle-warfare, and hostage-rescue operations. Thunderbolts are a form of SPG and NSG, which are trained to take on air, water and land attacks.

Recruitment

IPS officers are recruited through the Civil Service Examination conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC). They are also promoted from the State Police Service. The first posting of a direct recruit IPS officer is to the post of Assistant Superintendent of Police.

According to the Indian Police Service (Appointment by Promotion) Regulations, 1955, Kerala Police Service officers are eligible for promotion to the IPS after completing eight years of service. But in reality, officers are generally promoted to the IPS after two and a half decades of service. KPS or State Police Service officers are inducted into the IPS by promotion from the rank of Superintendent of Police (non-IPS). After completing two decades of service, KPS officers get promoted to the Indian Police Service, after confirmation by the Ministry of Home Affairs of the Government of India and the Union Public Service Commission. One-third of the total IPS strength in Kerala is reserved for KPS officers (SPS quota).

Unlike other state police forces, there is no direct recruitment for the Group A (gazetted) post of Deputy Superintendent of Police in the Kerala Police. Recruitment to the Kerala Police Service (Group-A) is by promotion from the rank of Inspector of Police.

Recruitment to the post of Sub Inspector of Police (Trainee) to the Kerala Civil Police Cadre is done through the competitive exam and departmental promotion tests conducted by the Kerala Public Service Commission. Recruitment to the post of Sub Inspector (General Executive) is done through direct and indirect means in the ratio of 1:1.

Recruitment to the post of Civil Police Officer (constable) in the Kerala civil police cadre is done through a competitive exam conducted by the Kerala Public Service Commission. Apart from this, the Kerala PSC conducts direct recruitment for various technical and special category posts like police constable (driver), armed police constable, police constable (commando wing), police constable (telecom), fingerprint expert, forensic expert, etc. ^[32]

Training

The training wing of state police is headed by an officer of the rank of Additional Director General of Police (Training).

Logo of Kerala Police Academy (KEPA)

Kerala Police Academy

The Kerala Police Academy is headed by the Director of the rank of Additional Director General of Police. The Director is assisted by Joint Directors, assistant directors, HODs,etc. The academy is situated at Thrissur. The academy will cater to the training needs of all officers of police department including IPS officers.

Police Training College

The head of Police Training College is Principal in the rank of Superintendent of Police. It is situated in Thiruvananthapuram. The Basic Training and In-service courses are key Training programmes carried out in PTC. Apart from giving Basic Training, many In-Service Courses such as Refresher courses, Re-orientation courses, Familiarization courses, Cader courses are also being undertaken at PTC. Basic training for Excise Inspectors, Forest Officers are also now being conducted. Training of Probationary Officers is carried out in PTC.

Ranks, designations, promotion,etc

The ranks in the Kerala Police range from Constable to DGP. See: Rank structure.

Promotion

There is a regular line of promotion based on arising vacancies, contingent on factors such as seniority and eligibility.

The Government of Kerala has decided to give the rank of head constable (Senior Civil Police Officer) to constable (Civil Police Officer) who have completed 12 years of service in the civil police unit (local police). Senior Civil Police Officers who have completed 20 years of service will be given the rank of Assistant Sub Inspector (Grade), and Assistant Sub Inspectors who have completed 25 years of service will be given the rank of Sub Inspector of Police (Grade) or Grade SI. They will continue to carry the duties and responsibilities of the rank when they receive the honorary grade.

• Head constable (Senior Civil Police Officer) - 12yrs of service as constable (Civil Police Officer).
• Assistant Sub Inspector (Grade)- 20yrs of service as SCPO.
• Sub Inspector (Grade) - 25yrs of service as ASI.

^[33]

Designations

Designation/Post	Abrv.	Rank	note;
State Police Chief	SPC	DGP	Head of the police department. [34]
Additional Director General of Police	ADGP	ADGP	Head of a particular function/wing. e.g.:- Training, Intelligence, Law and Order, Crimes, SCRB, Armed Police Battalions, Headquarters etc.
Inspector General of Police	IGP	IG	Head of a police zone, or head of a division or unit within the department, Police Commissioners of Thiruvananthapuram and Kochi. Zones: South Zone, North Zone
Deputy Inspector General of Police	DIG	DIG	Head of a police range, head of a unit within the branch or wing. Ranges: Thiruvananthapuramam Range, Ernakulam Range, Thrissur Range, Kannur Range.
Assistant Inspector General of Police	AIG	SP	AIG is a post equivalent in rank and status to the Superintendent of Police. Typically, AIG is in charge of administrative functions at police headquarters.
Commandant	Cmdt.	SP	The head of an armed police battalion or unit. The role involves commanding and overseeing the operations and administration of the armed police battalion.
District Police Chief	DPC	SP	Head of a police district: This position is held by IPS officers, and the role involves the administration, oversight, and command of the police force in a district. [35]
Additional Superintendent Of Police, Administration	(Addl.SP, Admin)	Addl.SP	Officials in Additional SP Post were assigned to assist district police chief. This post is held by State Police Service (KPS) officers. [36]
Sub Divisional Police Officer	SDPO	DySP/ASP	Officer in charge of a Police Subdivision. The Sub Division is headed by SDPO in the rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police [ KPS] or Assistant Superintendent Of Police [ IPS]. Supervision of the police stations under the subdivison.
Inspector Station House Officer	ISHO / IP SHO	Inspector of police	Officer incharge of a Police Station. Prior to 2017, the station house officer was an officer of the rank of sub inspector (SI). [37] Since 2017 Circle Inspectors (CIs) take charge as station house officer. [38] the nomenclature of Circle Inspector has been changed to Inspector/SHO or simply IP (Inspector of Police).
Sub Inspector (Grade)/ Assistant Sub Inspector (Grade)/Sr.Civil Police Officer (Grade).	GSI/GASI/GSCPO	-	This grade designation, however, is more of a nomenclature to be used in official records. Head Constables and ASIs can be promoted to Assistant Sub Inspector (Grade) and Sub Inspector (Grade) respectively after 15 and 25 years of service. This designation grants them the use of the corresponding rank's insignia and uniform, maintaining their existing duties and seniority and payscale. [33]
Senior Civil Police Officer	SCPO	Head constable	In 2011, the Kerala Police started using the designation Senior Civil Police Officer (SCPO) for personnel holding the rank of head constable. Constable to sub-inspector ranking personnel now belongs to the Kerala Civil Police Subordinate Service (KCP). [39] [40]
Civil Police Officer	CPO	Constable	In 2011, the Kerala Police started using the designation Civil Police Officer (CPO) for personnel holding the rank of constable. Constable to sub-inspector ranking personnel now belongs to the Kerala Civil Police Subordinate Service (KCP). [39] [40]

List of former chiefs

S.No	Name	Date of Assumption of Charge
Inspector General of Police
1	Chandrasekaran Nair IPS	1956 – 1957
2	M. Krishna Menon IPS	1957 – 1961
3	K.N.R Sreenivasan Iyer IPS	1959
4	V.P Nair IPS	1961 – 1964
5	N. Rama Iyer IPS	1964 – 1967
6	M.Gopalan IPS	1967 – 1972
7	M. Singaravelu IPS	1972 – 1974
8	V.N Rajan IPS	1974 – 1978
9	V. Subramanian IPS	1980
Director General of Police
10	T. Anantha Sankara Iyer IPS	1978 — 1982
11	P. Vijayan IPS	1982 – 1983
12	M.K. Joseph IPS	1983 – 1988
13	K. John Mathai IPS	1989
14	Raj Gopal Narayan IPS	1988 – 1991
15	A.V Venkatachalam IPS	1991
16	C. Subramaniam IPS	1991 – 1993
17	R.Jayaram Padikkal IPS	1993 – 1994
18	T.V Madhusudanan IPS	1994 – 1995
19	K.V Rajagopalan Nair IPS	1995 – 1996
20	R. Radhakrishanan IPS	1996 – 1997
21	M. Adbul Sathar Kunju IPS	05-06-1997 to 30-06-1997
22	C.A Chaly IPS	30-06-1997 to 31-03-1998
23	B.S Sasthri IPS	31-03-1998 to 25-07-2000
24	P.R Chandran IPS	26-07-2000 to 31-05-2001
25	R. Padmanabhan IPS	31-05-2001 to 31-10-2001
26	W. Joseph Dawson IPS	31-10-2001 to 31-01-2002
27	K.J Joseph I.P.S	2000 to 2003
28	P.K Hormese Tharakan I.P.S	2003 to 2005
29	Raman Srivastava I.P.S	2005 to 2008
State Police Chief
30	Jacob Punnoose I.P.S	2008 to 2012
31	K.S Balasubramanian I.P.S	2012 to 2015
32	T.P Senkumar I.P.S	01-06-2015 to 31-05-2016
33	Lokanath Behera I.P.S	01-06-2016 to 06-05-2017
34	T. P. Senkumar I.P.S	06-05-2017 to 30-06-2017
35	Lokanath Behera I.P.S	01-07-2017 to 30-06-2021
36	Anil Kant I.P.S	01-07-2021 to 30-06-2023
37	Sheikh Darvesh Saheb I.P.S	incumbent

Achievements

Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan has termed Kerala Police as best in the country. ^[41] In 2021 Kerala Police bagged the National e-Governance Award. ^[42] Kerala Police has achieved several significant milestones over the years. Some of the notable achievements include:

Women Police Stations: Kerala Police was the first in the country to establish women police stations, which exclusively deal with crimes against women.

Cyberdome: Kerala Police established Cyberdome, a state-of-the-art facility for cyber security and cybercrime investigation.

Janamaithri Suraksha: Kerala Police launched the Janamaithri Suraksha Project, a community policing initiative aimed at building a relationship of trust between the police and the public.

Pink Patrol: Kerala Police launched Pink Patrol, a patrol team consisting of women police officers, to ensure the safety and security of women in public places.

• The Public Affairs Index selected Kerala as the best state in 2016 and 2017 considering its excellence in law and order. ^[43]
• According to the grading conducted by Plan India for Women's Safety, Kerala ranks second in the country in terms of ensuring women's safety (Gender Vulnerability Index). ^[44]
• Kollam City Police achieved ISO 9001 certification for excellence in office functioning and maintaining high levels of quality control in day-to-day activities in January 2018. ^[45]
• Valapatnam Police Station has been selected as one of the top ten police stations in the country based on the inspection and study of the Union Ministry of Home Affairs. The handling of criminal cases, effective implementation of anti-drug activities and public involvement of the police helped the Valapatanam police station to achieve this achievement.
• COPS Today International, a journal published by the Foundation for Research, recently honored Kerala Police's Community Policing Program Janmaitri Police Project with the Police Excellence Award.

Controversies

Kerala Police has also faced several controversies over the years. Some of the notable controversies include:

Custodial Deaths: Kerala Police has faced allegations of custodial deaths, where suspects died in police custody. ^[46]

Encounter Killings: Kerala Police has faced allegations of fake encounter killings, where suspects were killed in fake encounters. ^[47]

Police Brutality: Kerala Police has faced allegations of police brutality, where suspects were subjected to excessive force during arrest or interrogation. ^[48]

There have been several allegations of irregularities and brutalities by Kerala Police officials. ^[49] Kerala Police has been accused of failure in curbing violence ^[50] and failure to act on intelligence reports. ^[51] Indian poet Tapan Kumar Pradhan in his books and social media posts has exposed several irregularities in criminal investigation by Kerala Police, ^[52] especially in Hemangi Sharma Fraud Case. ^[53]

The Kerala Police was criticized for its failure to control the event of 2014 Kiss of Love protest against moral policing. ^{[54] [55]} Police allowed counter-protesters—who included members of Shiv Sena, SDPI, and Bajrang Dal—to attack the protest. ^[56] Although they attempted to physically stop the Kiss of Love protesters from legally protesting, none of the counter protesters were removed. ^{[55] [57]} Police later claimed that they arrested the Kiss of Love protesters to save the protesters' lives. ^[58]

See also

• Department of Home (Kerala)
• Kerala Vigilance and Anti-Corruption Bureau
• Kerala Prisons and Correctional Services
• Kerala Thunderbolts

Notes

1. This rank is popularly known as Circle Inspector of Police. Circle Inspector was an earlier position in the Kerala Police. Although it is not a rank, this rank is widely recognized by the name of position "Circle Inspector."
2. Rank insignia of ADGP is similar to DGP.
3. Also known as Senior Superintendent of Police or Assistant Inspector General of Police.
4. The newly created Additional SP post is held by state police service (KPS) officers.
5. Police Circles have been abolished and Circle Inspectors have been appointed as Inspector / Station House Officer. Nomenclature of CI is changed to IP/SHO.
6. The designation of personnel holding the rank of head constable is Senior Civil Police Officer (SCPO).

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External links

• Official website