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The region of Greater London , including the City of London, is divided into 73 parliamentary constituencies which are sub-classified as borough constituencies, affecting the type of electoral officer and level of expenses permitted.
† Conservative ‡ Labour ¤ Liberal Democrat ♣ Green Party
Following the abandonment of the Sixth Periodic Review (the 2018 review), the Boundary Commission for England formally launched the 2023 Review on 5 January 2021. The Commission calculated that the number of seats to be allocated to the London region will increase by 2 from 73 to 75. [3] Initial proposals were published on 8 June 2021 and, following two periods of public consultation, revised proposals were published on 8 November 2022. The final proposals were published on 28 June 2023.
Under the proposals, an additional constituency named Stratford and Bow would be created, covering parts of the boroughs of Newham and Tower Hamlets and straddling the River Lea and, in the south of the city, there would be a new constituency named Streatham and Croydon North, covering parts of the boroughs of Croydon and Lambeth. Elsewhere, changes to boundaries result in a number of name changes. Only Walthamstow, Islington North and Tooting would remain entirely unchanged, with a further seven unchanged except to realign constituency boundaries with local government ward boundaries. [4]
The following constituencies for the region will come into effect at the next general election: [5]
Prior to 1832, the metropolitan area of London was represented by the parliamentary boroughs of City of London (four MPs), Westminster and Southwark (two MPs each). The remainder of the metropolitan area was covered by the historical counties of Middlesex and Surrey.
The Reform Act 1832 gave representation in the London metropolitan area to seven parliamentary boroughs, known as the metropolitan boroughs, [6] with the formation of four additional boroughs, each electing two MPs. In addition, Greenwich was formed as a separate borough from the counties of Kent and Surrey.
The Reform Act 1867 expanded the metropolitan area to include the new borough of Chelsea, and Tower Hamlets was divided into the two boroughs of Hackney and Tower Hamlets.
The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 extended the area of parliamentary boroughs to the Metropolitan Board of Works area. With the exception of the City of London, whose representation was reduced from four to two MPs, each borough, or division thereof, was represented by one MP. This act increased the number of MPs representing London from 22 to 59. [7]
The County of London was created in 1889 in succession to the Metropolitan Board of Works. In 1900, the county was divided into 28 boroughs (plus the City of London) and the outer boundary was adjusted. However, the old constituency boundaries remained in place until 1918.
For representation by party, see sections 1885 to 1900 and 1900 to 1918.
Under the Representation of the People Act 1918 the parliamentary boroughs corresponded to the metropolitan boroughs created in 1900, with each borough, or division thereof, being represented by one MP. The City of London continued to be represented by two MPs despite the very small size of its electorate. The number of MPs was increased from 59 to 62. [8]
For representation by party, see sections 1918 to 1931 and 1931 to 1950.
Under the Representation of the People Act 1948, which came into effect for the 1950 general election, the county of London was divided into 43 borough constituencies. [9]
Under the First Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, effective for the 1955 general election, there were limited changes in London, with a reduction of one constituency across the boroughs of Fulham and Hammersmith. [10]
For representation by party, see section 1950 to 1974.
Despite Greater London being created in 1965, the old constituency boundaries remained in place until 1974, awaiting the implementation of the Second Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies. From 1965 to 1974, Outer London included the following constituencies or parts of constituencies.
Formerly in Essex:
Formerly in Hertfordshire:
Formerly in Kent:
Formerly in Middlesex:
Formerly in Surrey:
When Greater London was created in 1965 the existing constituencies crossed county boundaries. The constituency review reported in 1969, and was implemented for the February 1974 election. All 92 constituencies were contained within Greater London and each were within a single London borough, with the exception of the City of London and Westminster South. They were all borough constituencies. [11] The constituencies were also used as electoral divisions for the Greater London Council from 1973 to 1986.
For representation by party, see sections North West, North East, South West and South East.
The constituencies were redrawn for the 1983 election. All 84 constituencies were contained within Greater London and each were within a single London borough, with the exception of the City of London and Westminster South. They were all borough constituencies. [12]
For representation by party, see sections North West, North East, South West and South East.
The constituencies were redrawn for the 1997 election. All 74 constituencies were contained within Greater London. Constituencies crossed borough boundaries between Bexley and Greenwich; Ealing, and Hammersmith and Fulham; Kensington and Chelsea, Westminster and the City of London; Kingston upon Thames and Richmond upon Thames; Lambeth and Southwark; Newham and Tower Hamlets; and Redbridge and Waltham Forest. They were all borough constituencies. [13]
For representation by party, see sections North West, North East, South West and South East.
The constituencies were redrawn for the 2010 election. All 73 constituencies are contained within Greater London. Constituencies cross borough boundaries between Barking and Dagenham, and Havering; Brent and Camden; Harrow and Hillingdon; Kensington and Chelsea, and Hammersmith and Fulham; Redbridge and Waltham Forest; Bexley and Greenwich; Bromley and Lewisham; Kingston upon Thames and Richmond upon Thames; Lambeth and Southwark; and Westminster and the City of London. They are all borough constituencies. [14]
For representation by party, see sections North West, North East, South West and South East.
A cell marked → (with a different colour background to the preceding cell) indicates that the previous MP continued to sit under a new party name.
Conservative Liberal Liberal-Labour Liberal Unionist
Conservative Labour Liberal Liberal-Labour Liberal Unionist National Party
Coalition Liberal (1918–22) / National Liberal (1922–23) Communist Conservative Empire Free Trade Crusade Independent Independent Conservative Labour Liberal National Labour
Communist Conservative Independent Labour Independent Liberal Labour Labour Independent Group Liberal National Government National Labour National Liberal (1931–68)
The boroughs of Hillingdon, Harrow, Brent, Ealing, Barnet, Camden, Hammersmith & Fulham, Kensington & Chelsea and Westminster, and the City of London.
Conservative Labour Social Democratic Speaker
| Constituency | Feb 74 | Oct 74 | 77 | 1979 | 81 | 1983 | 86 | 1987 | 88 | 1992 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Harrow Central | Grant | |||||||||
| St Marylebone | Baker | |||||||||
| Hendon South | Thomas | Marshall | ||||||||
| Chelsea | Worsley | Scott | ||||||||
| Kensington | Rhys-Williams | Fishburn | ||||||||
| Ruislip and Northwood | Crowder | Wilkinson | ||||||||
| Chipping Barnet | Maudling | Chapman | ||||||||
| City of London and Westminster South | Tugendhat | Brooke | ||||||||
| Finchley | Thatcher | Booth | ||||||||
| Hendon North | Gorst | |||||||||
| Harrow West | Page | Hughes | ||||||||
| Brent North | Boyson | |||||||||
| Uxbridge | Shersby | |||||||||
| Harrow East | Dykes | |||||||||
| Hampstead / Hampstead and Highgate (1983) | Finsberg | Finsberg | Jackson | |||||||
| Acton / Ealing Acton (1983) | Young | |||||||||
| Fulham | Stewart | Stevens | Raynsford | Stevens | ||||||
| Ealing North | Molloy | Greenway | ||||||||
| Paddington | Latham | Wheeler | ||||||||
| Hayes and Harlington | Sandelson | → | Dicks | |||||||
| Brent East | Freeson | Livingstone | ||||||||
| Holborn & St Pancras South / Holborn & St Pancras (1983) | Jeger | Dobson | ||||||||
| Southall / Ealing Southall (1983) | Bidwell | Khabra | ||||||||
| Brent South | Pavitt | Pavitt | ||||||||
| Hammersmith North / Hammersmith | Tomney | Soley | ||||||||
| St Pancras North | Stallard | |||||||||
| Constituency | Feb 74 | Oct 74 | 77 | 1979 | 81 | 1983 | 86 | 1987 | 88 | 1992 |
Conservative Independent Labour Liberal Democrats
The boroughs of Barking & Dagenham, Enfield, Hackney, Haringey, Havering, Islington, Newham, Redbridge, Tower Hamlets and Waltham Forest.
Conservative Independent Labour Labour Social Democratic
| Constituency | Feb 74 | 74 | Oct 74 | 77 | 78 | 1979 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 1983 | 84 | 1987 | 1992 | 94 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanstead and Woodford | Jenkin | Arbuthnot | ||||||||||||
| Upminster | Loveridge | |||||||||||||
| Southgate | Berry | Portillo | ||||||||||||
| Hornsey | Rossi | |||||||||||||
| Chingford | Tebbit | Duncan Smith | ||||||||||||
| Romford | Neubert | |||||||||||||
| Ilford North | Iremonger | Miller | Bendall | |||||||||||
| Hornchurch | Lee Williams | Squire | ||||||||||||
| Ilford South | Shaw | Thorne | Thorne | |||||||||||
| Enfield North | Davies | Eggar | ||||||||||||
| Walthamstow | Deakins | Summerson | Gerrard | |||||||||||
| Newham North East | Prentice | → | Leighton | Timms | ||||||||||
| Edmonton | Graham | Twinn | ||||||||||||
| Newham North West | Lewis | Banks | ||||||||||||
| Newham South | Jones | Spearing | ||||||||||||
| Tottenham | Atkinson | Grant | ||||||||||||
| Barking | Richardson | |||||||||||||
| Bethnal Green & Bow / B'nal Green & Stepney | Mikardo | Shore | ||||||||||||
| Dagenham | Parker | Gould | Church | |||||||||||
| Hackney North and Stoke Newington | Weitzman | Roberts | Abbott | |||||||||||
| Hackney S & Shoreditch (1974) | Brown | → | Sedgemore | |||||||||||
| Islington North | O'Halloran | → | → | Corbyn | ||||||||||
| Islington South & Finsbury | Cunningham | → | Chris Smith | |||||||||||
| Leyton | Magee | → | Cohen | |||||||||||
| Islington Central | Grant | → | ||||||||||||
| Stepney & Poplar | Shore | |||||||||||||
| Hackney Central | Davis | |||||||||||||
| Wood Green | Butler | Race | ||||||||||||
| Constituency | Feb 74 | 74 | Oct 74 | 77 | 78 | 1979 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 1983 | 84 | 1987 | 1992 | 94 |
Change UK Conservative Independent Labour Liberal Democrats Respect
| Constituency | 1997 | 00 | 2001 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | 2017 | 19 | 2019 | 20 | 23 | 24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chingford and Woodford Green | Duncan Smith | |||||||||||
| Romford | Gordon | Rosindell | ||||||||||
| Upminster / Hornchurch and Upminster (2010) | Darvill | Watkinson | Lopez | |||||||||
| Enfield Southgate | Twigg | Burrowes | Charalambous | → | → | |||||||
| Ilford North | Perham | Scott | Streeting | |||||||||
| Hornchurch | Cryer | Brokenshire | ||||||||||
| Enfield North | Ryan | de Bois | Ryan | → | Clark | |||||||
| Edmonton | Love | Osamor | → | |||||||||
| Hornsey and Wood Green | Roche | Featherstone | West | |||||||||
| Ilford South | Gapes | → | Tarry | |||||||||
| Walthamstow | Gerrard | Creasy | ||||||||||
| East Ham | Timms | |||||||||||
| West Ham | Banks | Brown | ||||||||||
| Poplar & Canning Town / P & Limehouse (2010) | Fitzpatrick | Begum | ||||||||||
| Tottenham | Grant | Lammy | ||||||||||
| Barking | Hodge | |||||||||||
| Bethnal Green & Bow | King | Galloway | Ali | |||||||||
| Dagenham / Dagenham & Rainham (2010) | Church | Cruddas | ||||||||||
| Hackney North and Stoke Newington | Abbott | → | ||||||||||
| Hackney S & Shoreditch | Sedgemore | Hillier | ||||||||||
| Islington North | Corbyn | → | ||||||||||
| Islington South & Finsbury | Smith | Thornberry | ||||||||||
| Leyton and Wanstead | Cohen | Cryer | ||||||||||
| Constituency | 1997 | 00 | 2001 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | 2017 | 19 | 2019 | 20 | 23 | 24 |
The boroughs of Croydon, Hounslow, Kingston, Merton, Richmond, Sutton and Wandsworth.
Conservative Labour Liberal Social Democratic Speaker
Conservative Independent Labour Liberal Democrats
The boroughs of Bexley, Bromley, Greenwich, Lambeth, Lewisham and Southwark.
Conservative Labour Liberal Social Democratic
| Constituency | Feb 74 | 74 | Oct 74 | 75 | 78 | 1979 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 1983 | 87 | 1987 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 1992 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ravensbourne | Hunt | |||||||||||||||
| Beckenham | Goodhart | Merchant | ||||||||||||||
| Sidcup | Heath | |||||||||||||||
| Streatham | Shelton | Hill | ||||||||||||||
| Orpington | Stanbrook | Horam | ||||||||||||||
| Chislehurst | Sims | |||||||||||||||
| Bexleyheath | Townsend | |||||||||||||||
| Erith and Crayford | Wellbeloved | → | Evennett | |||||||||||||
| Woolwich West / Eltham | Hamling | Bottomley | ||||||||||||||
| Lewisham West | Price | Maples | Dowd | |||||||||||||
| Lewisham East | Moyle | Moynihan | Prentice | |||||||||||||
| Norwood | Fraser | |||||||||||||||
| Dulwich | Silkin | Bowden | Jowell | |||||||||||||
| Lewisham Deptford | Silkin | |||||||||||||||
| Peckham | Lamborn | Harman | ||||||||||||||
| Vauxhall | Strauss | Holland | Hoey | |||||||||||||
| Bermondsey | Mellish | Hughes | → | |||||||||||||
| Greenwich | Barnett | Barnes | Raynsford | |||||||||||||
| Woolwich East | Mayhew | → | Cartwright | → | ||||||||||||
Change UK Conservative Independent Labour Liberal Liberal Democrats Social Democratic (1983–88) Continuing Social Democratic (1988–90)
Primary data source: House of Commons research briefing – General election results from 1918 to 2019 [15]
The number of votes cast for each political party who fielded candidates in constituencies comprising the London region in the 2019 general election were as follows:
| Party | Vote | % | Change from 2017 | Seats | Change from 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour | 1,812,810 | 48.1% |  6.4% | 49 | 0 |
| Conservative | 1,205,129 | 32.0% | 1.1% | 21 | 0 |
| Liberal Democrats | 562,564 | 14.9% |  6.1% | 3 | 0 |
| Greens | 115,527 | 3.1% | 1.3% | 0 | 0 |
| Brexit | 51,735 | 1.4% | N/A | 0 | 0 |
| Others | 18,355 | 0.5% | 1.3% | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 3,766,120 | 100.0 | 73 |
Key:
CON – Conservative Party, including National Liberal Party up to 1966
LAB – Labour Party
LIB – Liberal Party up to 1979; SDP–Liberal Alliance 1983 & 1987; Liberal Democrats from 1992
UKIP/Br – UK Independence Party 2010 to 2017 (included in Other up to 2005 and in 2019); Brexit Party in 2019
Green – Green Party of England and Wales (included in Other up to 2005)
Key:
CON – Conservative Party, including National Liberal Party up to 1966
LAB – Labour Party
LIB – Liberal Party up to 1979; SDP–Liberal Alliance 1983 & 1987; Liberal Democrats from 1992
OTH – 1945 – (1) Communist Party; (2) Independent Labour (Denis Pritt); 2005 – Respect (George Galloway)
These are maps of the results of the last 13 general elections in London.
The following people served as members of the Greater London Council, either as councillors or Aldermen. The polling days were:
The London Government Act 1963 is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which created Greater London and a new local government structure within it. The Act significantly reduced the number of local government districts in the area, resulting in local authorities responsible for larger areas and populations. The upper tier of local government was reformed to cover the whole of the Greater London area and with a more strategic role; and the split of functions between upper and lower tiers was recast. The Act classified the boroughs into inner and outer London groups. The City of London and its corporation were essentially unreformed by the legislation. Subsequent amendments to the Act have significantly amended the upper tier arrangements, with the Greater London Council abolished in 1986, and the Greater London Authority introduced in 2000. As of 2016, the London boroughs are more or less identical to those created in 1965, although with some enhanced powers over services such as waste management and education.
The Greater London Built-up Area, or Greater London Urban Area, is a conurbation in south-east England that constitutes the continuous urban sprawl of London, and includes surrounding adjacent urban towns as defined by the Office for National Statistics. It is the largest urban area in the United Kingdom with a population of 9,787,426 in 2011.
Local government elections took place in London, and some other parts of the United Kingdom on Thursday 4 May 2006. Polling stations were open between 7am and 10pm.
Greater London Association of Trade Union Councils (GLATUC) is the largest County Association of Trades (Union) Councils in the Uk and covers the Greater London area. As the official Trades Union Congress body for London GLATUC seeks to co-ordinate activity by Trades (Union) Councils across the capital and works with individual unions and other organisations on a range of campaigns and activities. It is part of the national Trades Union Congress.
Local government elections took place in London, and some other parts of the United Kingdom on Thursday 6 May 2010. Polling stations were open between 7am and 10pm.
There were local government elections in London on Thursday 22 May 2014. All councillor seats on the 32 London borough councils were up for election. The electorates of Hackney, Lewisham, Newham and Tower Hamlets also elected their executive mayors, who operate in place of council leaders in those boroughs. Ward changes took place in Hackney, Kensington and Chelsea, and Tower Hamlets, which reduced the total number of councillors by 10 to 1,851. Both the mayoral and councillor elections are four-yearly.
Local government elections took place in London, and some other parts of the United Kingdom on Thursday 2 May 2002. Ward changes took place in every borough, following a series of reviews and 32 statutory instruments which reduced the total number of councillors by 56 from 1,917 to 1,861.
The 2018 London local elections took place in London on 3 May 2018 as part of wider local elections in England. All London borough councillor seats were up for election. Elections to the Corporation of London were held in 2017. Mayoral contests were also held in Hackney, Lewisham, Newham and Tower Hamlets. The previous London borough elections were in 2014.
An election to the County Council of London took place on 4 March 1937. The council was elected by First Past the Post with each elector having two votes in the two-member seats. The Labour Party made gains, increasing their majority over the Municipal Reform Party.
An election to the County Council of London took place on 5 March 1931. The council was elected by First Past the Post with each elector having two votes in the two-member seats. The Municipal Reform Party slightly increased its majority on the council, with overall results matching those from 1925.
An election to the County Council of London took place on 8 March 1928. The council was elected by First Past the Post with each elector having two votes in the two-member seats. The Labour Party made slight gains at the expense of the Municipal Reform Party, which nonetheless retained a substantial majority.
This is a list of coats of arms of London.
