Project Connect

Project Connect's Logo

Proposition A

November 3, 2020 (2020-11-03)
Public transportation expansion referendum
Map showing the final network described in Project Connect.
Results
Choice Votes  % Yes 230,376 58.25% No 165,138 41.75% Valid votes 395,514 100.76% Invalid or blank votes −2,967 −0.76% Total votes 392,547 100.00%
Travis County Official Results [1]

Project Connect (listed as Proposition A on the general election ballot) is a transit expansion program by the Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority (CapMetro) in Austin, Texas, U.S. The program was approved by voters on November 3, 2020, in a local election concurrent with the 2020 presidential election.

The project is estimated to cost $7.1 billion and will be funded with public funds, both federally and locally through increasing the local property tax rate by 8.75 cents. ^[2] This is a smaller-scale version of the proposal, originally estimated at $10 billion, but ultimately downsized to $7.1 billion due to Covid-induced cost concerns. ^[3] Plans were again scaled down in 2023 as construction costs had risen since the proposition's passage. ^[4]

Plan elements

A schematic map depicting the proposed rail lines of Project Connect.

CapMetro Rail
Legend
2020 ballot map
Leander Elgin Lakeline Howard Manor Broadmoor Wildhorse Kramer McKalla North Lamar T.C. Crestview Colony Park Koenig Loyola/Johnny Morris Triangle US 183 Hyde Park Springdale Hemphill Park Pleasant Valley UT/West Mall Highland Government Center/Capitol West MLK Jr. Republic Square Plaza Saltillo Congress Avenue Downtown Auditorium Shores Rainey/MACC Soco Waterfront Oltorf Travis Heights St. Edward's Lakeshore South Congress T.C. Riverside Stassney Faro Montopolis Metrocenter AUS All stations are accessible
This diagram: view talk edit

As a part of the plan, CapMetro would add two light rail lines, three bus rapid transit lines, and one commuter rail line to the already existing Red Line, which will also undergo major improvements. The proposal also calls for general investments to all routes, a fully-electric bus and train fleet, and new park and ride areas throughout the service area. ^{[5] [ non-primary source needed ]} A Downtown Transit Tunnel was originally proposed, but was cut from plans in May 2023.

CapMetro Rail Blue Line

Main article: Blue Line (CapMetro)

Phase I of the Blue Line would operate on a 7.8-mile (12.6 km) stretch of light rail with 13 stations, running through downtown to 38th Street from Yellow Jacket Lane. The line would provide service along East Riverside Drive, then join with the Orange Line to cross Lady Bird Lake to the Austin Convention Center and run west on 3rd Street to Republic Square (the city's central transportation hub). Phase I of the line continues north with the Orange Line along Guadalupe Street to terminate 38th Street. The Blue Line will provide key service to the Texas State Capitol complex and The University of Texas at Austin campus. ^{[6] [ non-primary source needed ]} Phase I Priority Extensions include a 3.2-mile (5.1 km), primarily elevated southeastern extension to serve the Austin-Bergstrom International Airport, and a 2.7-mile (4.3 km) northern extension shared with the Orange Line along Guadalupe Street and North Lamar Boulevard to Crestview station. ^[7] The blue line will run at a frequency of every 10 minutes, but that frequency can be increased for special events if needed. On parts of the route where two light rail lines share the same tracks, trains will arrive every 5 minutes.

CapMetro Rail Orange Line

Main article: Orange Line (CapMetro)

Phase I of the Orange Line, planned to be approximately 5.2 miles (8.4 km) with 9 stations, will link North and South Austin. The line would run from Oltorf Street to Lady Bird Lake along South Congress Avenue, before joining with the Blue Line and connecting to Downtown and the UT Campus, terminating jointly at 38th Street. The route would share a Phase I Priority Extension north to Crestview Station with the Blue Line, running a similar route to the current MetroRapid Route 801. ^{[6] [7]} The Orange Line will run at a frequency of every 10 minutes, but that frequency can be increased for special events if needed. On parts of the route where two light rail lines share the same tracks, trains will arrive every 5 minutes.

CapMetro Rail Green Line

Main article: Green Line (CapMetro)

The MetroRail Green Line is a proposed 27-mile (43 km) corridor traveling from downtown Austin to eastern Travis County and into Bastrop County, connecting Manor, Texas with downtown Austin by commuter rail. With new transit hubs and Park & Rides, the Green Line would operate along Capital Metro's existing freight line between Austin and Manor, with a possible future terminus at Elgin, connecting suburban residents to central Austin. ^[6] The Green Line would interline with the Red Line between Downtown and Plaza Saltillo stations, where it will then split off, with the Red Line heading north and the Green Line heading east.

CapMetro Rail Red Line infill and improvement

CapMetro's Red Line is a commuter rail service linking downtown Austin to residential neighborhoods in East Austin, the Domain, Research Park, Cedar Park, and Leander. Currently under construction is the future Downtown station, which will connect commuters with the downtown area, giving commuters and visitors direct access to the Austin Convention Center. Multiple upgrades to the red line are proposed by Project Connect. Two new stations were planned, at McKalla (adjacent to the new Austin FC soccer stadium), and at the Broadmoor development. These new stations would replace the existing Kramer station. The installation of positive train control was completed in August 2020. Additionally, once the new Downtown station is complete, the red line will run every 15 minutes, doubling its current frequency and capacity. If Project Connect is built out to its full plan in the future, the red line will be electrified,^{[ failed verification ]} and station platforms will be extended to accommodate 2-unit trains. ^[6]

CapMetro Rapid Gold Line

Main article: Gold Line (CapMetro)

The revised proposal would build the Gold Line first as a MetroRapid bus service. The system plan, however, envisions the Gold Line as light rail that would operate for approximately 9.5 miles (15.3 km) connecting 15 stations from Austin Community College's Highland campus along Airport Boulevard and Red River Street into downtown, across the river and through SoCo (South Congress), a popular neighborhood south of the Colorado River. Along its route, the Gold Line would service UT Austin's main campus to the east, easing access to sports events, given the line's close proximity to Darrell K Royal-Texas Memorial Stadium and new Moody Center. ^[6]

Downtown Transit Tunnel

Main article: Downtown Transit Tunnel

Project Connect proposed a 1.6-mile (2.6 km) transit tunnel underneath the Downtown area, which would serve the Orange, Blue, and (eventually) Gold light rail lines. ^[8] The tunnel would have run under Guadalupe street from Cesar Chavez street to at least 14th street, as well as under 4th street from Guadalupe to Trinity street. If the project is eventually built out to its full plan, another tunnel would be dug under Trinity street from Cesar Chavez street to 14th street to serve the gold line. ^[9] The plan proposes multiple underground stations for the light rail lines, at locations including Republic Square, Downtown Station, Government Center, Trinity, and Capitol East. ^{[10] [ non-primary source needed ]} The underground stations will vary in size, with Republic Square or Downtown Station being the largest, and all other stations being smaller. Large stations such as Republic Square will have 3 levels/floors (sorted from shallowest to deepest): A level containing a food court, mezzanine with a performance stage for local music, and pedestrian tunnels to provide access to other buildings in Downtown, a middle level containing small shops and restaurants, public restrooms, and seating, and the deepest level containing the platform for boarding trains. All underground stations will be fully climate-controlled, and will utilize technologies such as platform screen doors on the platform level to assist with climate control and enhance passenger safety. ^[5]

By 2021, planners were considering moving the Orange Line's southern portal to near Lively Middle School at Leland Street, citing engineering challenges with emerging close to Lady Bird Lake and the topography of South Congress. ^[11]

CapMetro Rapid and CapMetro Express expansion

Currently, CapMetro operates two bus rapid transit routes (801 and 803) branded as CapMetro Rapid. Under Project Connect, seven new lines are proposed as enhanced or potential future service throughout Austin. In addition to connecting different transit services, these lines mostly feature a park and ride at their terminus for commuters. ^[12] Project Connect also proposes four new MetroExpress commuter bus lines, as well as extended service to existing lines.

MetroBus

Name	Type	Termini	Notes
Burnet to Menchaca & Oak Hill	MetroRapid Enhanced Route	Broadmoor/Domain to Oak Hill/Tanglewood	Similar to MetroRapid Route 803 with extensions to Oak Hill and Tanglewood in South Austin
Expo	MetroRapid Enhanced Route	Downtown to Expo Center	Runs north from Downtown station alongside the Gold Line before heading northeast on Manor Road
Pleasant Valley	MetroRapid Enhanced Route	Berkman/Mueller to Goodnight	Runs mostly north to south along Pleasant Valley Road in East Austin
MLK	CapMetro Rapid Potential Future Extension	Red Bud to Decker	Runs east-west along Enfield Road and Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd
Crosstown	CapMetro Rapid Potential Future Extension	Red Bud to Eastside Bus Plaza	Runs east-west downtown with connecting service to CARTS
ACC Highland to Tech Ridge	CapMetro Rapid Potential Future Extension	Highland to Tech Ridge	Runs north-south along Cameron Road
Parmer	CapMetro Rapid Potential Future Extension	Lakeline to Wildhorse	Runs east-west from Cedar Park to Manor along Parmer Lane
RM 2222	MetroExpress	Four Points to Republic Square
North IH-35	CapMetro Express	Georgetown to Republic Square
MoPac (South)	CapMetro Express	Wildflower to Republic Square
SH 45 Toll	CapMetro Express	Hutto to Republic Square
SH 71	CapMetro Express	Bastrop to Eastside Bus Plaza
South US-183	CapMetro Express	Lockhart to Eastside Bus Plaza
South IH-35	CapMetro Express	San Marcos to Downtown

Electric fleet

As part of the Project Connect plan, CapMetro envisions a fully-electric bus and train fleet. The goal is to completely electrify the fleet of around 400 buses and trains by 2040, and the agency has already purchased 12 electric buses. ^[13] In 2018, 3 bus manufacturers, Proterra, New Flyer, and BYD, lent electric test buses to Capital Metro for a pilot testing program. ^[14] The agency ultimately chose Proterra for the purchase of their first 2 electric buses, later increasing that number to 6 buses. The first 2 Proterra buses arrived in late 2019, and the next 4 arrived in the summer of 2020. In 2019, Capital Metro approved a contract with New Flyer for the purchase of 6 Xcelsior electric buses. The order includes four 40-foot and two 60-foot buses, and these buses were delivered in the summer of 2020. The agency chose New Flyer for the second order of buses because they offered the 60-foot option, which Proterra does not offer. CapMetro also chose to buy from two different manufacturers to help compare the performance of each company's buses and inform decisions on larger contracts in the future. ^{[15] [16]}

CapMetro broke ground in 2019 on a new electric bus charging facility at their North Operations yard on Burnet Road. The facility will have the capacity to charge and maintain 200 electric buses, and will be highly automated. ^[17]

The Orange, Blue, and Gold light rail lines will run on electricity, unlike the current Red Line, which uses diesel-electric trains. CapMetro is looking into various options for powering the light rail vehicles, such as a traditional catenary system, using battery-powered trains with quick-charging technology at stations (such as Kinkisharyo's e-Brid technology), and Alstom's APS Ground-Level Power Supply system. ^[18] The existing red line will also be electrified.^{[ citation needed ]}

Neighborhood circulators

Neighborhood circulator buses will connect transit areas to the surrounding community. According to the proposal, there will be 15 new neighborhood zones for this first/last mile connection service. ^[12]

CapMetro Bike

For last mile connections, CapMetro proposes an electric bike fleet at transit hubs as well as rental/payment integration in the CapMetro mobile application. ^[12]

Park and Rides

In addition to new services, CapMetro is also proposing nine new park and rides throughout the region. ^{[12] [ non-primary source needed ]}

New Park and Rides

Name	Connections	Location	Nearby points of interest and notes
Four Points	CapMetro Express, Circulator	RM 620/RM 2222	Four Points Shopping Center
Loop 360	CapMetro Express, Circulator	Loop 360/RM 2222	Indeed headquarters and other corporate offices
Highland	Red Line, Gold Line	Airport Blvd/Koenig Ln	Austin Community College, Highland Mall
183/290	CapMetro Express	U.S. 183/U.S. 290	Walnut Creek Business Park
Expo Center	Expo CapMetro Rapid Line	Decker Ln/Loyola Ln	Travis County Exposition Center, Walter E. Long Park
Metro Center	Blue Line	E. Riverside Drive/Ben White Boulevard	Airport Hotel District
McKinney Falls	Pleasant Valley CapMetro Rapid Line	McKinney Falls Pkwy/William Cannon Dr	McKinney Falls State Park
Goodnight	Pleasant Valley CapMetro Rapid Line	E. Slaughter Ln/Vertex Blvd	Goodnight Ranch planned community
Wildflower	CapMetro Express	Mopac Expressway/La Crosse Blvd	Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, Circle C Ranch

Scaled down light rail

By April 2022, the estimated cost of the light rail portion of Project Connect had ballooned to $10.3 billion, up from the initial $5.8 billion estimate. ^[4] Austin Transit Partnership presented five reduced plans in March 2023 in order to deliver the light rail lines with the provided funding. Most of the proposed alternatives did away with tunneling downtown, with a greater reliance on surface running tracks. ^[4] Austin Transit Partnership selected a preferred route in May 2023 with surface running and one crossing of Lady Bird Lake. ^[19] Austin City Council gave its approval to a $7.1 billion preliminary project, which would include 9.8 miles of new light rail line, on June 1, 2023. ^[20]

Legal controversy

In November 2023, the City of Austin and the Austin Transit Partnership, among others, were sued under the legal theory that the scaled down plans required voter approval. ^[21] The plaintiffs include former state senator Gonzalo Barrientos (D-14), Travis County Commissioner Margaret Gómez (D), and Austin Council Member Ora Houston (D), with the lead plaintiff being a burger restaurant built in 1926 named Dirty Martin's. ^[22] They argue that although the scope of the project was reduced in size and cost in 2022, that the reduced scope warrants an entire new proposition, and cannot proceed or be funded without a popular referendum. ^[22] More specifically, the plaintiffs argue that the city cannot use money that was earmarked for maintenance and operation to be used for debt service on bonds the ATP planned on issuing. ^[22]

Texas' attorney general, Ken Paxton (R) issued an opinion in favor of the plaintiffs, arguing that the ATP's bond funding scheme violates article XI, section 5 of the Texas Constitution. ^{[23] [22]} The plaintiffs are requesting that the Travis County district court permanently enjoin the city defendants from “continuing to assess or collect the Project Connect tax because they no longer have voter approval for the tax as required by the Texas Tax Code.” ^[22] As well as asking for a permanent injunction to prohibit the city and ATP “from spending the Project Connect tax on designing, acquiring right-of-way or constructing the Third Street rail route or the Trinity Street Bridge over Lady Bird Lake.” ^[22] The predominately African American neighborhoods of East Austin are especially vocal on the issue as the proposed Green Line, which would have connected East Austin to downtown, was cut out of the plan, leaving East Austin with no new transportation, despite also having to pay the increased property tax. ^[22]

The case is set to be heard in court on May 28-30 2024, however, Paxton has attempted to push the hearing until after the 2024 legislative elections seemingly in an effort to reintroduce House Bill 3899, or a similar variant. ^[24] House Bill 3899 was introduced by Ellen Troxclair (R-19), a former member of the Austin City Council, which would have frozen the project until a new referendum could be held. ^[25] Despite easily passing the house three times, the bill would be defeated in the Texas Senate each time, triggering the three-reading rule, which prohibits a bill from being read in a single legislative session more than three times. ^[25] Additionally, Paxton has full authority to approve or deny any entity that wants to issue debt in the state. ^[24]

References

1. "Travis County - Election Night Results".
2. "StackPath". www.masstransitmag.com. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
3. "$7.1B 'Project Connect' transit plan set to be finalized next week". kvue.com. August 7, 2020. Retrieved August 11, 2020.
4. Thompson, Kelsey; Remadna, Nabil (March 21, 2023). "Project Connect debuts 5 scaled down light rail options". KXAN. Retrieved March 22, 2023.
5. "ProjectConnect". capmetro.org. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
6. "ProjectConnect". capmetro.org. Retrieved August 11, 2020.
7. Bernier, Nathan (May 23, 2023). "Project Connect recommendation revealed: Light-rail would stretch 10 miles at street level". KUT Radio, Austin's NPR Station. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
8. "Proposed CapMetro project includes subway system in Downtown Austin". kvue.com. March 6, 2020. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
9. Jankowski, Philip. "Cap Metro recommends downtown subway system in multibillion-dollar light rail system". Austin American-Statesman. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
10. Project Connect, Capital Metro (July 30, 2020). "Project Connect System Plan" (PDF). Capital Metro. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
11. Bernier, Nathan (July 22, 2021). "Underground Light-Rail Tunnel Could Be More Than A Mile Longer Than Expected". KUT 90.5. Retrieved July 23, 2021.
12. "Initial Investment". Capital Metro.
13. Denney, Amy (January 27, 2020). "Capital Metro increases initial investment in electric buses to 12 vehicles in 2020". impact. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
14. Denney, Amy (August 14, 2018). "No emissions here: Capital Metro tests out electric buses in Austin". impact. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
15. "Capital Metro talks batteries over electric bus contract". Austin Monitor. August 27, 2019. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
16. "Capital Metro to bring fleet electrification experts on board". Austin Monitor. July 20, 2020. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
17. Buchele, Mose (April 22, 2019). "Cap Metro Says This Lot Will House The Electric Bus Facility "Of The Future"". KUT. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
18. "Rail to ease congestion in Texan capital". International Railway Journal. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
19. Bernier, Nathan (May 24, 2023). "Austin light-rail gets first approval amid looming Texas legislative threat". KUT 90.5. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
20. Moreno-Lozano, Luz (June 2, 2023). "$7.1 billion light rail plan OK'd by Austin City Council". Austin American-Statesman . Retrieved June 2, 2023.
21. https://www.kxan.com/traffic/traffic-projects/project-connect/lawsuit-filed-against-austins-revised-project-connect-light-rail-plan/
22. Clifton, Jo. "Aggrieved citizens sue over funding Project Connect". Austin Monitor. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
23. Paxton, Ken. "Opinion No. KP-0444" (PDF). Texas Attorney General . Retrieved May 7, 2024.
24. Fisher, Lina. "Project Connect's Paxton Problem". The Austin Chronicle . Retrieved May 7, 2024.
25. Autullo, Ryan. "Austin Democrat delivers possible fatal blow to anti-Project Connect bill in Texas House". Austin American-Statesman . Retrieved May 7, 2024.