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HMGN proteins are members of the broader class of high mobility group (HMG) chromosomal proteins that are involved in regulation of transcription, replication, recombination, and DNA repair.
SOX genes encode a family of transcription factors that bind to the minor groove in DNA, and belong to a super-family of genes characterized by a homologous sequence called the HMG-box. This HMG box is a DNA binding domain that is highly conserved throughout eukaryotic species. Homologues have been identified in insects, nematodes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and a range of mammals. However, HMG boxes can be very diverse in nature, with only a few amino acids being conserved between species.
High-Mobility Group or HMG is a group of chromosomal proteins that are involved in the regulation of DNA-dependent processes such as transcription, replication, recombination, and DNA repair.
High-mobility group AT-hook 2, also known as HMGA2, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the HMGA2 gene.
High mobility group box 1 protein, also known as high-mobility group protein 1 (HMG-1) and amphoterin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGB1 gene.
High-mobility group protein HMG-I/HMG-Y is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGA1 gene.
Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LEF1 gene.
FACT complex subunit SSRP1 also known as structure specific recognition protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SSRP1 gene.
Forkhead box protein L2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXL2 gene.
High-mobility group protein B2 also known as high-mobility group protein 2 (HMG-2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGB2 gene.
Transcription factor SOX-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SOX4 gene.
HMG-box transcription factor 1, also known as HBP1, is a human protein.
Non-histone chromosomal protein HMG-17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGN2 gene.
Transcription factor 7 is the gene that in humans encodes for the TCF1 protein.
SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily E member 1-related is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMG20B gene.
Transcription factor SOX-8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SOX8 gene.
SOX12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SOX12 gene. Sox12 belongs to the SoxC group of Sox family of transcription factors, together with Sox4 and Sox11. Sox12-null knockout mice appear normal, unlike Sox4 or Sox11 knockout mice. This probably comes from functional redundancy with Sox4 and Sox11. Sox12 is a weaker activator than both Sox4 and Sox11 in mouse.
Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein TOX is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TOX gene. TOX drives T-cell exhaustion and plays a role in innate lymphoid cell development.
TOX4 also known as KIAA0737, is a human gene.
TOX high mobility group box family member 3, also known as TOX3, is a human gene.
References
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: TOX high mobility group box family member 2".
- ↑ Kajitani T, Mizutani T, Yamada K, Yazawa T, Sekiguchi T, Yoshino M, Kawata H, Miyamoto K (May 2004). "Cloning and characterization of granulosa cell high-mobility group (HMG)-box protein-1, a novel HMG-box transcriptional regulator strongly expressed in rat ovarian granulosa cells". Endocrinology. 145 (5): 2307–18. doi: 10.1210/en.2003-1343 . PMID 14764631.
- ↑ O'Flaherty E, Kaye J (April 2003). "TOX defines a conserved subfamily of HMG-box proteins". BMC Genomics. 4 (1): 13. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-4-13. PMC 155677 . PMID 12697058.
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