10th Flight Test Squadron

"10th Fighter Squadron" redirects here. For the 10th Fighter Squadron, Commando, see 10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron.

10th Flight Test Squadron
F-16 Fighting Falcons of the 10th Tactical Fighter Squadron at Hahn Air Base
Active	1941-1945; 1950-1951; 1953-1991; 1994 – present
Country	United States
Branch	United States Air Force
Role	Flight Test
Part of	Air Force Materiel Command
Garrison/HQ	Tinker Air Force Base
Engagements	European Theater of Operations [1]
Decorations	Distinguished Unit Citation Air Force Outstanding Unit Award [1]
Insignia
10th Flight Test Squadron emblem (approved 17 April 1996) [1] [note 1]
10th Fighter-Bomber Squadron emblem (approved 23 July 1953) [2]
10th Fighter Squadron emblem (World War II) [3]

The 10th Flight Test Squadron is part of the 413th Flight Test Group of Air Force Materiel Command based at Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma. It performs acceptance testing on refurbished Rockwell B-1 Lancer, Boeing B-52 Stratofortress, Boeing E-3 Sentry, and Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker aircraft before they are returned to their units.

The squadron was first activated as the 10th Pursuit Squadron prior to the entry of the United States into World War II. It served as a test unit as the 10th Fighter Squadron in the southeastern United States until 1943, when it prepared for deployment to the European Theater of Operations. It remained in combat until V-E Day, earning a Distinguished Unit Citation. The unit returned to the United States in 1945 and was inactivated.

In 1950, the squadron was activated in the reserves. After the start of the Korean War, it was called to active duty, but immediately inactivated and its personnel were transferred to other units.

The squadron was activated in 1953 at Clovis Air Force Base, New Mexico as the 10th Fighter-Bomber Squadron, where it assumed the personnel and equipment of an Air National Guard squadron that was returned to active duty. It moved to Europe later that year, and remained there until inactivating in 1991.

In 1994, the squadron was redesignated the 10th Flight Test Squadron and activated at Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma.

History

World War II

The squadron was initially activated at Selfridge Field, Michigan in January 1941 as the 10th Pursuit Squadron, one of the three original squadrons of the 50th Pursuit Group. ^{[2] [4]} It was established under the Northeast Air District as a pursuit squadron, and initially equipped with second-line aircraft. It transferred to Southeast Air District (later Third Air Force) in late 1941 and re-equipped with Curtiss P-40 Warhawks. The squadron trained in the southeast until being transferred to the Army Air Forces School of Applied Tactics in Florida, where it served as a test and demonstration unit. ^[4]

The 10th, designated as the 10th Fighter Squadron since May 1943, re-equipped with North American P-51 Mustangs and trained as an operational squadron. It deployed to the European Theater of Operations (ETO), where it became part of IX Fighter Command in England in May 1944. It Re-equipped with Republic P-47 Thunderbolts and supported Allied ground forces in France after D-Day, attacking enemy strong points, troop concentrations, armor formations, bridges and other targets. Within a month of the invasion, it moved to Normandy and operated from several forward bases in Northeast France during the summer of 1944 as Allied ground forces moved eastwards towards Germany. The unit supported the Fifth Army movement from southern France though the Lyon Valley, then into Germany as part of the Western Allied invasion in the spring of 1945. The squadron remained in Germany as part of the occupation forces. It returned to the United States and was inactivated in Colorado in November 1945.

Air Force reserves

The squadron was reactivated in the reserve by Continental Air Command in January 1950 as a corollary unit of the 4th Fighter Wing. It was called to active duty in early 1951 for the Korean War and its personnel were used to fill up other units.

Cold War

10th TFS McDonnell F-4D Phantoms

The squadron was activated at Clovis Air Force Base, New Mexico on 1 January 1953 and assumed the personnel and North American F-86H Sabres of the 120th Fighter-Bomber Squadron, a Colorado Air National Guard squadron that had been federalized for the Korean War and was being returned to state control.

The unit deployed to West Germany and assigned to Hahn Air Base as a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) fighter squadron. It moved briefly to France in 1956, but returned to West Germany in 1959 and flew defensive missions in the F-100, F-4 and F-16 as part of the NATO tactical air forces. In late Dec 1990 the squadron deployed to Southwest Asia, assigned to the 363rd Tactical Fighter Wing (Provisional) from January to May 1991, and flew combat missions during Operation Desert Storm. After returning to Hahn, squadron pilots spent the last summer in Germany flying unit aircraft back across the North Atlantic Ocean to gaining Air National Guard units in preparation for the wing / squadron inactivation in Sep 1991.

Flight test

The squadron was reactivated at Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma in March 1994 as a testing and checkout squadron for supported aircraft after depot-level maintenance prior to the aircraft being returned to active service. ^[1] The squadron absorbed the personnel, mission and resources of the 10th Test Squadron, which was simultaneously inactivated. ^{[note 3]}

Lineage

• Constituted as the 10th Pursuit Squadron (Interceptor) on 20 November 1940

Activated on 15 January 1941

Redesignated 10th Fighter Squadron on 15 May 1942

Redesignated 10th Fighter Squadron (Special) on 28 May 1942

Redesignated 10th Fighter Squadron (Single Engine) on 21 January 1944

Redesignated 10th Fighter Squadron, Single Engine on 28 February 1944

Inactivated on 7 November 1945

• Redesignated 10th Fighter Squadron, Jet on 16 December 1949

Activated in the reserve on 28 January 1950

Redesignated 10th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron on 16 March 1950

Redesignated 10th Fighter-Bomber Squadron on 23 January 1951

Ordered to active service on 14 April 1951

Inactivated on 27 April 1951

• Activated on 1 January 1953

Redesignated 10th Tactical Fighter Squadron on 8 July 1958

Inactivated on 30 September 1991

• Redesignated 10th Flight Test Squadron on 1 March 1994

Activated on 18 March 1994 ^[5]

Assignments

• 50th Pursuit Group (later, 50th Fighter Group), 15 January 1941 – 7 November 1945
• Ninth Air Force, 28 January 1950
• First Air Force, 1 August 1950
• Eastern Air Defense Force, 1 September 1950
• Tactical Air Command, 11 September 1950 ^[2] - 27 April 1951 (attached to 363d Tactical Reconnaissance Wing until 18 October 1950, 363d Tactical Reconnaissance Group, until 30 November 1950, 136th Fighter-Bomber Wing, until unknown)
• 50th Fighter-Bomber Group, 1 Jan 1953
• 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing (later, 50th Tactical Fighter Wing), 8 December 1957 – 30 September 1991 (attached to 363d Tactical Fighter Wing Provisional, 28 December 1990 – 10 May 1991)
• Oklahoma City Air Logistics Center, 18 March 1994
• 413th Flight Test Group 1 October 2003 ^[5]

Stations

Selfridge Field, Michigan, 15 January 1941 Key Field, Mississippi, 3 October 1941 Orlando Army Air Base, Florida, 18 March 1942 Zephyrhills Army Air Field, Florida, 4 January 1943 Orlando Army Air Base, Florida, 29 January - 13 March 1944 RAF Lymington (AAF-551), [6] England, 5 April 1944 Carentan Airfield (A-10), [7] France, 25 June 1944 Meautis Airfield (A-17), [7] France, 16 August 1944 Orly Airport (A-47), [7] France, 5 September 1944 Laon-Athies Air Base (A-63), [7] France, 15 September 1944 Lyon-Bron Airport (Y-6), [7] France, 29 September 1944 Toul/Ochey Airfield (A-96), [7] France, 3 November 1944

AAF Station Giebelstadt, Germany, 20 April 1945 AAF Station Mannheim/Sandhofen, Germany, 21 May - c. 22 June 1945 La Junta Army Air Field, Colorado, 6 August - 7 November 1945 Langley Air Force Base, Virginia, 28 January 1950 – 27 April 1951) Clovis Air Force Base, New Mexico, 1 January 1953 Hahn Air Base, Germany, 11 August 1954 Toul-Rosières Air Base, France, 10 July 1956 Hahn Air Base, Germany, 10 December 1959 – 30 September 1991 Deployed to Al Dhafra, United Arab Emirates (28 December 1990 – 10 May 1991) Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma, 18 March 1994 – Present [5]

Aircraft

• Vultee BT-13 Valiant (1941–1942)
• Seversky P-35 Guardsman (1941–1942)
• Curtiss P-40 Warhawk (1942–1943)
• North American P-51 Mustang (1943–1944, 1953)
• Republic P-47 Thunderbolt (1944–1945)
• North American F-86 Sabre (1953–1957)
• North American F-100 Super Sabre (1958–1966)
• McDonnell F-4 Phantom II (1966–1982)
• General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon (1982–1991)
• Rockwell B-1 Lancer (1994 – present)
• Boeing B-52 Stratofortress (1994 – present)
• Boeing E-3 Sentry (1994 – present)
• Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker (1994 – present) ^[5]
• Boeing KC-46 Pegasus (2020 - present) ^[8]

References

Notes

Explanatory notes

1. The emblem was modified to comply with USAF directives requiring squadron emblems to be on a disc. Robertson.
2. Serial Numbers 65-780 and 65-781 landing, circa 1970. Note the irregular tail markings.
3. This squadron was activated on 15 January 1988 at Tinker Air Force Base as the 2871st Test Squadron and assigned to Oklahoma City Air Logistics Center. It was redesignated the 10th Test Squadron on 1 October 1992. Air Force Logistics Command Special Order GA-12, 30 December 1987; DAF/MO Letter, 24 September 1992, Subject: Organizational Actions Affecting Certain Air Force Materiel Command Units.

Footnotes

1. Robertson, Patsy (3 October 2011). "Factsheet 10 Flight Test Squadron (AFMC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
2. Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 56-57
3. Watkins, p. 22
4. Maurer, Combat Groups, pp. 110-111
5. Lineage, including assignments, stations and aircraft in Robertson, except as noted
6. Station number in Anderson
7. Station number in Johnson
8. McDonald, April. "Reserve aircrew delivers Tinker's first KC-46A for initial maintenance". 919th SOW. Retrieved 16 September 2020.

Bibliography

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

• Anderson, Capt. Barry (1985). Army Air Forces Stations: A Guide to the Stations Where U.S. Army Air Forces Personnel Served in the United Kingdom During World War II (PDF). Maxwell AFB, AL: Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center. Archived from the original Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
• Johnson, 1st Lt. David C. (1988). U.S. Army Air Forces Continental Airfields (ETO) D-Day to V-E Day (PDF). Maxwell AFB, AL: Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 September 2016.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN   0-912799-02-1. LCCN   61060979.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN   0-405-12194-6. LCCN   70605402. OCLC   72556.
• Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947-1977 . Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN   0-912799-12-9.
• Watkins, Robert (2008). Battle Colors. Vol. III Insignia and Markings of the Ninth Air Force In World War II. Atglen, PA: Shiffer Publishing Ltd. ISBN   978-0-7643-2938-8.

Further reading

• Cantwell, Gerald T. (1997). Citizen Airmen: a History of the Air Force Reserve, 1946-1994 . Washington, D.C.: Air Force History and Museums Program. ISBN   0-16049-269-6 . Retrieved 1 October 2014.