1390

( MCCCXC ) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–December

• January 19 – The Treaty of Lyck confirms an alliance between Vytautas and the Teutonic Knights, in the Lithuanian Civil War against Vytautas's cousin, Jogaila. ^[1]
• April 14 – John VII Palaiologos overthrows his grandfather, John V Palaiologos, as Byzantine Emperor. ^[2]
• April 19 – Robert III succeeds his father, Robert II, as King of Scotland.
• May 26 – Lithuanian Civil War: The Treaty of Königsberg is signed in Königsberg, between Samogitian nobles and representatives of the Teutonic Knights. ^[3]
• September 11 – Lithuanian Civil War: The coalition of Vytautas and the Teutonic Knights begins a 5-week siege of Vilnius. The Duke of Hereford (the future King Henry IV of England) is among the western European knights serving with the coalition. ^[4]
• September 17 – John VII Palaiologos seeks refuge with the Ottoman sultan Bayezid I, after John V Palaiologos is restored by his son, Manuel, and the Republic of Venice. ^[5]
• October 9 – Henry III succeeds his father, John I, as King of Castile and León.

Date unknown

• Fall of Philadelphia
  • The Ottomans take Philadelphia, the last Byzantine enclave of any significance in Anatolia. ^[6]
• Barquq is restored as Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, after overthrowing Sultan Hadji II. ^[7]
• Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III overthrows his brother, Abu Bakr Shah, as Sultan of Delhi. ^[8]
• Manuel III succeeds his father, Alexios III, as Emperor of Trebizond (now north eastern Turkey). ^[9]
• Sikandar But-shikan succeeds Sikandar Shah, as Sultan of Kashmir.
• Ko Cheng succeeds Che Bong Nga, as King of Champa (now eastern Vietnam).
• Mahmud succeeds Sandaki as Mansa of the Mali Empire, restoring the Keita dynasty. ^[10]
• N'Diklam Sare succeeds Sare N'Dyaye, as ruler of the Jolof Empire (now part of Senegal).
• The Kingdom of Kaffa is established in present day Ethiopia (approximate date). ^[11]
• Templo Mayor, the main temple of the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City), is built. ^[12]
• The Candi Surawana Temple is built in the Majapahit Kingdom (now Indonesia). ^[13]
• Construction begins on San Petronio Basilica in Bologna. ^[14]

Births

• October 3 – Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester (d. 1447)
• December 27 – Anne de Mortimer, claimant to the English throne (d. 1411)
• date unknown
  • Moctezuma I, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan, son of Huitzilihuitl (d. 1469) ^[15]
• probable
  • John Dunstaple, English composer (d. 1453)
  • Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson, Swedish statesman and rebel leader (d. 1436)
  • Contessina de' Bardi, politically active Florentine woman (d. 1473)
  • Jan van Eyck, Flemish painter (d. 1441)

Deaths

• January 26 – Adolph IX, Count of Holstein-Kiel (b.c 1327)
• February 16 – Rupert I, Elector Palatine (b. 1309)
• March 20 – Alexios III Megas Komnenos, Emperor of Trebizond (b. 1338)
• April 19 – King Robert II of Scotland (b. 1316)
• July 8 – Albert of Saxony, Bishop of Halberstadt and German philosopher (b. c. 1320)
• August 14 – John FitzAlan, 2nd Baron Arundel, English soldier (b. 1364)
• September 23 – John I, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1346)
• October 9 – King John I of Castile (fall from a horse) (b. 1358)
• September – Towtiwil, Prince of Black Ruthenia
• date unknown
  • Sandaki Mari Djata, Mansa of the Mali Empire
  • Keratsa of Bulgaria, Byzantine empress consort
  • Sa'ad al-Din Masud ibn Umar ibn Abd Allah al-Taftazani, Ilkhanate polymath (b. 1322)
• probable– Altichiero, Italian painter (b. 1330)

References

1. Urban, William (2006). Samogitian Crusade. Chicago: Lithuanian Research and Studies Center. pp. 196–197. ISBN   0-929700-56-2.
2. Melvani, N., (2018) 'The tombs of the Palaiologan emperors', Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies, 42 (2) pp.237–260
3. Ivinskis, Zenonas (1988) [1930]. "Vytauto jaunystė ir jo veikimas iki 1392 m". In Paulius Šležas (ed.). Vytautas Didysis (in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Vyriausioji enciklopedijų redakcija. p. 36. OCLC   25726071.
4. Gudavičius, Edvardas (1999). Lietuvos istorija. Nuo seniausių laikų iki 1569 metų (in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Lietuvos rašytojų sąjungos leidykla. pp. 173–174. ISBN   9986-39-112-1.
5. Leonte, Florin (2012). Rhetoric in Purple: the Renewal of Imperial Ideology in the Texts of Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos (PDF) (PhD thesis). Central European University, pp. 46–47.
6. Berger, Albrecht, “Alaşehir”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three, Ed. Kate Fleet, et al.
7. Holt, P.M. (2014). The Age of the Crusades: the Near East from the Eleventh Century to 1517. Routledge. ISBN   978-1-317-87152-1, pp. 128.
8. Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. p. 100. ISBN   978-9-38060-734-4.
9. Vougiouklaki Penelope, "Manuel III Grand Komnenos", Encyclopedia of the Hellenic World: Asia Minor
10. Person, Yves (1981). "Nyaani Mansa Mamudu et la fin de l 'empire du Mali". Le sol, la parole et l'écrit: Mélanges en hommage à Raymond Mauny, Tome II. Paris: Société française d'histoire d'outre-mer. pp. 613–653.
11. G.W.B. Huntingford, The Galla of Ethiopia; the Kingdoms of Kafa and Janjero (London: International African Institute, 1955), p. 104
12. Carrizosa Montfort, Fernando. "Templo Mayor de Tenochtitlan" (PDF). Arqueologia Mexicana Guia de Viajeros (in Spanish). 65. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2008.
13. Java V: East Javanese Temples II.” ACSAA Color Slide Project. 27 November 2006. http://www.umich.edu/~hartspc/acsaa/Acsaa/LLabelPdf/110LL.pdf
14. "The Basilica's History". basilicadisanpetronio.org. Retrieved 2019-02-09.
15. "Moctezuma I el Grande" [Moctezuma I the Great] (in Spanish). Biografias y Vidas.com. Retrieved June 1, 2019.