1913 in Ireland

Centuries:	18th ; 19th ; 20th ; 21st ;
Decades:	1890s ; 1900s ; 1910s ; 1920s ; 1930s ;
See also:	1913 in the United Kingdom ; Other events of 1913 ; List of years in Ireland

Last updated October 14, 2023

Events

13 January – Edward Carson founds the Ulster Volunteer Force by unifying several existing loyalist militias.^[1]
30 January – at Westminster the House of Lords rejects the 3rd Home Rule Bill by 326 to 69.
10 February – John Redmond opens the replacement city bridge over the River Suir in Waterford that will be named after him.^[2]
7 July – the Home Rule Bill is once again carried in the House of Commons, despite attempts by Bonar Law to obstruct it.
26 August – Dublin Lock-out: members of James Larkin's Irish Transport and General Workers' Union employed by the Dublin United Tramways Company begin strike action in defiance of the dismissal of trade union members by the chairman, businessman William Martin Murphy.^[3]
31 August – Dublin Lock-out: the Dublin Metropolitan Police kill one demonstrator and injure 400 in dispersing a demonstration in Sackville Street (Dublin).^[1]
1 September – protest by locked-out workers lead to serious riots in Dublin. Shops are looted and attempts made to tear up tram lines.

Dublin Metropolitan Police break up a union rally on Sackville Street, August 1913 1913lockout.jpg — Dublin Metropolitan Police break up a union rally on Sackville Street, August 1913

2 September – two tenement houses in Church Street, Dublin, collapse, killing 7 (including 2 children) and leaving 11 families homeless.^[4]
3 September – a meeting of 400 employers with William Martin Murphy pledges not to employ any persons who continue to be members of the Irish Transport & General Workers' Union.
7 September – a large meeting in Sackville Street asserts the right of free speech, trade union representation and demands an enquiry into police conduct.
17 September
- In Newry, Edward Carson says that a Provisional Government will be established in Ulster if Home Rule is introduced.
- In Dublin, labour unrest grows with a march 5,000 through the city.
27 September – 12,000 Ulster Volunteers parade at the Royal Ulster Agricultural Society's show grounds at Balmoral (Belfast) in protest of the Home Rule Bill.
27 September – in Dublin the food ship, The Hare, arrives bringing forty tons of food raised by British trade unionists.
6 October – an official report on the lockout suggests that workers should be reinstated without having to give a pledge not to join the ITGWU.
16 October – 4,000 men and women march through Dublin in support of James Larkin and the Transport Union.
27 October – James Larkin of the ITGWU is sentenced to seven months in prison for seditious language but released after just over a week.
1 November
- Kingstown trade unionist James Byrne, arrested for his part in the lockout, dies as the result of a hunger strike.
- Professor Eoin MacNeill's article "The North Began", suggesting formation of pro-self-government Irish Volunteers, appears in the Gaelic League newspaper An Claidheamh Soluis , at the suggestion of The O'Rahilly.^[5]
10 November – the Dublin Volunteer Corps enrolls over 2,000 men. They declare they will preserve the "civil and religious liberties" of Protestants outside Ulster in the event of Irish Home Rule.
19 November – the Irish Citizen Army is founded by James Larkin, Jack White & James Connolly to protect workers in the general lockout.
25 November – the pro-Home Rule Irish Volunteers are formed at a meeting attended by 4,000 men in Dublin's Rotunda Rink.^[6]
28 November – Bonar Law addresses a huge unionist rally in the Theatre Royal in Dublin, declaring that if Home Rule is introduced Ulster will resist and will have the support of his party.

Arts and literature

George A. Birmingham's comedy General John Regan is premièred in London (8 January) and New York City (13 November).
Winifred Mary Letts publishes Songs from Leinster.
Conal Holmes O'Connell O'Riordan produces his play Rope Enough.
Pádraig Ó Siochfhradha's story An Baile S’Againne is published.
Katharine Tynan's Irish Poems is published.^[7]
W. B. Yeats' poem "September 1913" is published in The Irish Times during the Dublin Lock-out (8 September).^[8] His Poems Written in Discouragement is also published this year.
English barrister and lyricist Frederic Weatherly publishes the ballad "Danny Boy" set to the Londonderry Air.
English music hall comedian Arthur Lucan meets and marries (25 November) 16-year-old actress Kitty McShane in Dublin.

Sport

Gaelic games

All-Ireland Senior Football Championship 1913 Winners: Kerry
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship 1913 Winners: Kilkenny

Football

International
18 January Ireland 0–1 Wales (in Belfast)^[9]
15 February Ireland 2–1 England (in Belfast)^[9]
15 March Ireland 1–2 Scotland (in Dublin)^[9]
Irish League
Winners: Glentoran
Irish Cup
Winners: Linfield 2–0 Glentoran
Derry Celtic are relegated and subsequently voted out of the Irish Football League; they never play senior football again.

Births

19 January – Matt O'Mahoney, international soccer player (died 1992).
22 January – William Conway, Cardinal Archbishop of Armagh (died 1977).
30 January – Kevin Danaher, folklorist and writer (died 2002).
15 February – William Scott, Ulster Scots painter (died 1989).
13 March – Joe Kelly, motor racing driver (died 1993).
29 March – Niall MacGinnis, actor (d. c1977).
13 April – David Grene, classical scholar (died 2002).
14 April – Galbraith Lowry-Corry, 7th Earl Belmore, soldier and deputy lieutenant for County Fermanagh (died 1960).
1 May – Maurice Gibson, Northern Irish judge (died 1987).
19 May – Seán Moore, Fianna Fáil TD (died 1986).
5 June – Peter Doherty, footballer (died 1990).
6 June – Patrick Campbell, 3rd Baron Glenavy, journalist and author (died 1980).
17 August – Harry Baird, soccer player (died 1973).
28 August – John Mackey, Limerick hurler (died 1989).
31 August – Jack Doyle, boxer, actor and singer (died 1978).
20 September – Bernard Bergin, cricketer (died 1985).
23 September – Samuel Edgar, cricketer (died 1937).
25 September – Tony O'Malley, painter (died 2003).
9 October – Harry Bradshaw, golfer (died 1990).
18 October – David Lord, Royal Air Force pilot, posthumous recipient of the Victoria Cross for gallantry at Arnhem (died 1944).
24 November – Geraldine Fitzgerald, film & television actress (died 2005 in the United States)
3 December – Gerry Healy, British Trotskyist leader (died 1989).
Full date unknown – Sigerson Clifford, poet and playwright (died 1985).

Deaths

3 January – James Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Abercorn, politician and diplomat (born 1838).
21 February – John Joseph Hogan, first Bishop of the Dioceses of Saint Joseph, Missouri and Kansas City, Missouri (born 1829).
15 March – Max Arthur Macauliffe, British administrator, scholar and author (born 1841).
25 March – Garnet Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley, soldier (born 1833).
4 April – Edward Dowden, critic and poet (born 1843).
6 April – Somerset Lowry-Corry, 4th Earl Belmore, soldier, politician and Lord Lieutenant for County Tyrone (born 1835).
17 April – Barton McGuckin, tenor singer (born 1852).
25 April – Arthur Thomas Moore, soldier, recipient of the Victoria Cross for gallantry in 1857 at the Battle of Khushab, Persia (born 1830).
22 May – Edward Gibson, 1st Baron Ashbourne, lawyer and Lord Chancellor of Ireland (born 1837).
1 June – James O'Halloran, lawyer and politician in Quebec (born c1820).
1 October – Eugene O'Keefe, businessman and philanthropist in Canada (born 1827).
5 October – Patrick Augustine Sheehan, priest, author and political activist (born 1852).
19 October – Emily Lawless, writer, died in England (born 1845).
18 December – Thomas Kingsmill Abbott, scholar and educator (born 1829).

Related Research Articles

The Irish Citizen Army, or ICA, was a small paramilitary group of trained trade union volunteers from the Irish Transport and General Workers' Union (ITGWU) established in Dublin for the defence of workers' demonstrations from the Dublin Metropolitan Police. It was formed by James Larkin, James Connolly and Jack White on 23 November 1913. Other prominent members included Seán O'Casey, Constance Markievicz, Francis Sheehy-Skeffington, P. T. Daly and Kit Poole. In 1916, it took part in the Easter Rising, an armed insurrection aimed at ending British rule in Ireland.

James Larkin, sometimes known as Jim Larkin or Big Jim, was an Irish republican, socialist and trade union leader. He was one of the founders of the Irish Labour Party along with James Connolly and William O'Brien, and later the founder of the Irish Worker League, as well as the Irish Transport and General Workers' Union (ITGWU) and the Workers' Union of Ireland. Along with Connolly and Jack White, he was also a founder of the Irish Citizen Army. Larkin was a leading figure in the Syndicalist movement.

Events from the year 1920 in Ireland.

Events from the year 1919 in Ireland.

Events from the year 1914 in Ireland.

Events in the year 1912 in Ireland.

Events in the year 1911 in Ireland.

Events from the year 1892 in Ireland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dublin lock-out</span> Major industrial dispute which took place in Dublin, Ireland

The Dublin lock-out was a major industrial dispute between approximately 20,000 workers and 300 employers that took place in Dublin, Ireland. The dispute, lasting from 26 August 1913 to 18 January 1914, is often viewed as the most severe and significant industrial dispute in Irish history. Central to the dispute was the workers' right to unionise.

The Irish Transport and General Workers Union (ITGWU) was a trade union representing workers, initially mainly labourers, in Ireland.

Events from the year 1886 in Ireland.

Events during the year 1954 in Northern Ireland.

Events during the year 1935 in Northern Ireland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1907 Belfast Dock strike</span>

The Belfast Dock strike or Belfast lockout took place in Belfast, Ireland from 26 April to 28 August 1907. The strike was called by Liverpool-born trade union leader James Larkin who had successfully organised the dock workers to join the National Union of Dock Labourers (NUDL). The dockers, both Protestant and Catholic, had gone on strike after their demand for union recognition was refused. They were soon joined by carters, shipyard workers, sailors, firemen, boilermakers, coal heavers, transport workers, and women from the city's largest tobacco factory. Most of the dock labourers were employed by powerful tobacco magnate Thomas Gallaher, chairman of the Belfast Steamship Company and owner of Gallaher's Tobacco Factory.

Delia Larkin was a trade union organiser, journalist and actress, born to Irish parents in Liverpool, England. She was influenced by the activities of her brother, James Larkin, to move to Ireland, and was prominent during the 1913 Dublin Lockout. She was active in Irish trade union activities and was a founding secretary of the Irish Women Workers' Union.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">P. T. Daly</span> Irish trade unionist and politician (1870-1943)

Patrick Thomas Daly, known as P. T. Daly was an Irish trade unionist and politician.

Alice Brady (1898–1914) was a labour activist that was shot and killed during the 1913 Dublin Lock-out. She was shot accidentally in the hand by a worker and died two weeks later of tetanus. The worker was charged but acquitted of her murder. Members from the Irish Women Workers' Union used her funeral as a show of strength. A service was held on Saturday, 4 January 2014 to mark the centenary of Brady's funeral, and RTÉ One broadcast a documentary on the lockout involving descendants of participants and members of Brady's family.

Ellen "Nellie" Grimley also known as Nellie Gordon was an Irish trade unionist.

Frank Robbins was an Irish trade unionist. Robbins came to prominence as a member of James Connolly's Irish Citizen Army, taking part in the Dublin Lockout in 1913 and the Easter Rising in 1916. Although Robbins did not involvement himself in the ensuing Irish War of Independence or Irish Civil War, he continued to influence events in Ireland through his leadership in the trade union movement and as part of the Labour Party. During the Irish revolutionary period, Robbins was frustrated by the notion that Labour was considered outside of Irish Republicanism, rather than a strand within it. He was also frustrated by the lack of willingness by the labour movement to involvement themselves directly in the War of Independence.

Captain James Robert "Jack" White, DSO (1879–1946) was an Irish republican and libertarian socialist. After colonial service in the British military, he entered Irish politics in 1913 working with Roger Casement in Ulster to detach fellow Protestants from Unionism as it armed to resist Irish Home Rule, and with James Connolly to defend the Irish Transport and General Workers' Union in the great Dublin lock-out. White rallied to the defence of those condemned for the 1916 Easter Rising, but the combination of his socialism and anti-clericalism placed him at odds with the principal currents of Irish republicanism. Until experience of Republican Spain in 1936 convinced him of the anarchist critique of the party-state, he associated with a succession of communist-aligned groups. His last public appearance was in 1945, at an Orange Hall in his home town of Broughshane, County Antrim, where he proposed himself as a "republican socialist" candidate in the upcoming United Kingdom general election.

References

1 2 Cottrell, Peter (2009). The War for Ireland, 1913–1923 . Oxford: Osprey. p. 14. ISBN 978-1-84603-9966.
↑ "Redmond Bridge". Ask about Ireland. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
↑ Yeates, Padraig (2009). "The Dublin 1913 Lockout". History Ireland . 9 (2). Retrieved 19 October 2012.
↑ Curry, James (2 September 2013). "Column: 'A tragedy of the very poor' – Remembering the 1913 Church Street disaster". thejournal.ie. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
↑ McGee, Owen (2005). The IRB: The Irish Republican Brotherhood from the Land League to Sinn Féin. Bodmin: MPG Books. p. 354. ISBN 978-1-84682-064-9.
↑ White, Gerry; O’Shea, Brendan (2003). Irish Volunteer Soldiers 1913–23. Oxford: Osprey. p. 8. ISBN 978-1-84176-685-0.
↑ Cox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature . Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860634-6.
↑ Collected in Responsibilities, and Other Poems (1916).
1 2 3 Hayes, Dean (2006). Northern Ireland International Football Facts. Belfast: Appletree Press. pp. 161–162. ISBN 0-86281-874-5.

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[Cottrell-1] 1 2 Cottrell, Peter (2009). The War for Ireland, 1913–1923 . Oxford: Osprey. p. 14. ISBN 978-1-84603-9966.

[2] "Redmond Bridge". Ask about Ireland. Retrieved 17 November 2015.

[3] Yeates, Padraig (2009). "The Dublin 1913 Lockout". History Ireland . 9 (2). Retrieved 19 October 2012.

[4] Curry, James (2 September 2013). "Column: 'A tragedy of the very poor' – Remembering the 1913 Church Street disaster". thejournal.ie. Retrieved 8 February 2019.

[5] McGee, Owen (2005). The IRB: The Irish Republican Brotherhood from the Land League to Sinn Féin. Bodmin: MPG Books. p. 354. ISBN 978-1-84682-064-9.

[6] White, Gerry; O’Shea, Brendan (2003). Irish Volunteer Soldiers 1913–23. Oxford: Osprey. p. 8. ISBN 978-1-84176-685-0.

[7] Cox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature . Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860634-6.

[8] Collected in Responsibilities, and Other Poems (1916).

[DH-9] 1 2 3 Hayes, Dean (2006). Northern Ireland International Football Facts. Belfast: Appletree Press. pp. 161–162. ISBN 0-86281-874-5.

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