| 1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
| Track events | ||
| 60 m | men | women |
| 200 m | men | women |
| 400 m | men | women |
| 800 m | men | women |
| 1500 m | men | women |
| 3000 m | men | women |
| 60 m hurdles | men | women |
| 4 × 400 m relay | men | women |
| 3000 m walk | women | |
| 5000 m walk | men | |
| Field events | ||
| High jump | men | women |
| Pole vault | men | |
| Long jump | men | women |
| Triple jump | men | women |
| Shot put | men | women |
The women's 1500 metres event at the 1991 IAAF World Indoor Championships was held on 9 and 10 March.
| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
Lyudmila Rogachova  Soviet Union | Ivana Kubešová  Czechoslovakia | Tudorita Chidu  Romania |
First 4 of each heat (Q) and next 2 fastest (q) qualified for the semifinals. [1]
| Rank | Heat | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | Tudorita Chidu | Romania | 4:09.27 | Q |
| 2 | 2 | Alisa Hill |  United States | 4:09.45 | Q |
| 3 | 2 | Lyudmila Rogachova | Soviet Union | 4:09.48 | Q |
| 4 | 2 | Ellen Kiessling |  Germany | 4:10.23 | Q |
| 5 | 2 | Yvonne van der Kolk |  Netherlands | 4:10.40 | q |
| 6 | 1 | Doina Melinte | Romania | 4:11.74 | Q |
| 7 | 1 | Ivana Kubešová | Czechoslovakia | 4:11.95 | Q |
| 8 | 1 | Yvonne Mai | Germany | 4:12.04 | Q |
| 9 | 1 | Gina Procaccio | United States | 4:12.17 | Q |
| 10 | 1 | Jo White |  Great Britain | 4:12.39 | q |
| 11 | 2 | Jo Dering | Great Britain | 4:13.10 | |
| 12 | 1 | Veronique Pongerard |  France | 4:14.30 | NR |
| 13 | 2 | Leah Pells |  Canada | 4:20.00 | |
| 1 | Lyubov Kremlyova | Soviet Union | DNF | ||
| 2 | Rosalie Bagué Peng Gangué |  Chad | DNS |
| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Lyudmila Rogachova | Soviet Union | 4:05.09 | |
 | Ivana Kubešová | Czechoslovakia | 4:06.22 | NR |
 | Tudorita Chidu | Romania | 4:06.27 | PB |
| 4 | Doina Melinte | Romania | 4:06.65 | |
| 5 | Yvonne van der Kolk | Netherlands | 4:06.86 | PB |
| 6 | Yvonne Mai | Germany | 4:07.30 | |
| 7 | Alisa Hill | United States | 4:08.54 | |
| 8 | Gina Procaccio | United States | 4:19.51 | |
| 9 | Jo White | Great Britain | 4:20.72 | |
| Ellen Kiessling | Germany | DNS |
In thermodynamics and engineering, a heat engine is a system that converts heat to mechanical energy, which can then be used to do mechanical work. It does this by bringing a working substance from a higher state temperature to a lower state temperature. A heat source generates thermal energy that brings the working substance to the high temperature state. The working substance generates work in the working body of the engine while transferring heat to the colder sink until it reaches a low temperature state. During this process some of the thermal energy is converted into work by exploiting the properties of the working substance. The working substance can be any system with a non-zero heat capacity, but it usually is a gas or liquid. During this process, some heat is normally lost to the surroundings and is not converted to work. Also, some energy is unusable because of friction and drag.
Thermal conduction is the transfer of internal energy by microscopic collisions of particles and movement of electrons within a body. The colliding particles, which include molecules, atoms, and electrons, transfer disorganized microscopic kinetic and potential energy when joined, known as internal energy. Conduction takes place in most phases: solid, liquid, gases and plasma.
In thermodynamics, heat is energy in transfer to or from a thermodynamic system, by mechanisms other than thermodynamic work or transfer of matter.
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