1993 Sukhumi airliner attacks | |
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Part of War in Abkhazia (1992–1993) | |
Location | Sukhumi Babushara Airport, Georgia |
Coordinates | 42°51′29″N041°07′41″E / 42.85806°N 41.12806°E |
Date | 20–23 September 1993 |
Occurrence | |
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Date | 20–23 September 1993 |
Summary | Shoot down, destroyed on the ground |
Site | Georgia, Black Sea |
Total fatalities | 136 |
Total survivors | 29 |
First aircraft | |
The crashed aircraft in Aeroflot livery | |
Type | Tupolev Tu-134A-3 |
Operator | Transair Georgia |
Registration | 4L-65893 |
Flight origin | Sochi Airport |
Destination | Sukhumi-Babusheri Airport |
Passengers | 22 |
Crew | 5 |
Fatalities | 27 (all) |
Survivors | 0 |
Second aircraft | |
A Orbi Georgian Airways Tu-154B, similar to the aircraft involved in the accident | |
Type | Tupolev Tu-154B |
Operator | Orbi Georgian Airways |
Registration | 4L-85163 |
Flight origin | Novo Alexeyevka Airport |
Destination | Sukhumi-Babusheri Airport |
Passengers | 120 |
Crew | 12 |
Fatalities | 108 |
Survivors | 24 |
Third aircraft | |
Type | Tupolev Tu-134A |
Operator | Transair Georgia |
Registration | CCCP-65001 |
Flight origin | Sukhumi-Babusheri Airport |
Destination | Novo Alexeyevka Airport |
Passengers | 24 |
Crew | 6 |
Fatalities | 1 |
Survivors | 29 |
From 20 to 23 September 1993, during the Sukhumi massacre, separatists in Sukhumi, Abkhazia blocked Georgian troops' overland supply routes as part of the war in Abkhazia. [1] In response, the Georgian government used Sukhumi Babushara Airport to ferry supplies to troops stationed in Sukhumi. Abkhaz forces attacked the airport in an attempt to further block the supply routes.
During the siege of the airport, five civilian airliners belonging to Transair Georgia and Orbi Georgian Airways were hit by missiles allegedly fired by separatists in Sukhumi. Over 150 people died in the attacks. [1] [2] [3]
Two Orbi Georgian Airways' Tupolev Tu-134As (registration 4L-65808 and 4L-65809) were destroyed by Abkhaz small arms fire or missiles with no casualties. [4] [5] [6]
A Transair Тu-134А-3 (built in 1975 with registration 4L-65893 and factory number 5340120 [7] ) was flying to Sukhumi from Sochi International Airport. The crew consisted of captain Geras Georgievich Tabuev, first officer Otar Grigorievich Shengelia, and navigator Sergey Alexandrovich Shah, as well as two flight attendants; G. K. Kvaratskhelia and O. I. Morgunov. Тhe 22 passengers were mainly journalists. At 16:25, at an altitude of 980 feet (300 m), the aircraft was hit on approach to Sukhumi-Babusheri Airport by a Strela 2 surface-to-air missile. The missile had been fired from an Abkhaz boat commanded by Toriy Achba. The plane crashed into the Black Sea, killing all five crew members and 22 passengers. [8] Other sources reported 28 people on board (six crew members and 22 passengers). [1] [2] [8] [9] [10]
An Orbi Georgian Airways Tu-154B aircraft (built in 1976 with registration 4L-85163 and factory number 76А-163 [11] ) flying from Tbilisi and carrying civilians and internal security forces was on approach to Sukhumi-Babusheri Airport when it was struck by surface-to-air missiles. The plane crash-landed on the airstrip; the ensuing fire killed 108 of the 132 passengers and crew, [9] [12] [13] [14] making the incident the deadliest aviation disaster to occur in Georgia. [15] Georgian media claimed that the flight was carrying refugees, but there was no factual evidence to back up these claims. [16] [17]
Another Tu-154 was attacked later in the evening, but landed safely. [18]
Passengers were boarding a Transair Tu-134A (built in 1975 with registrations CCCP-65001 and factory number 42235) at Sukhumi when it was struck by rockets from an Abkhaz BM-21 Grad rocket launcher. It caught fire and burned, leaving one crew member dead. The aircraft was due to operate a Sukhumi-Tbilisi service. [18] [19] [20]
On the same day, an ORBI Tu-154 (registration 4L-85359 [21] ) was reportedly destroyed by mortar or artillery fire. [22]
The 1985 Zolochiv mid-air collision occurred on 3 May 1985 between Aeroflot Flight 8381 (Tu-134) and Soviet Air Force Flight 101 (An-26).
Vnukovo Airlines was a Russian airline which had its corporate headquarters at Vnukovo International Airport in Moscow. It was created as a spin-off from the Vnukovo Airport division of Aeroflot in March 1993 and operated until 2001, when it was bought by Siberian Airlines.
Aeroflot Flight 4225 was a Tupolev Tu-154B-2 on a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Alma-Ata Airport to Simferopol Airport on 8 July 1980. The aircraft had reached an altitude of no more than 500 feet when the airspeed suddenly dropped because of thermal currents it encountered during the climb out. This caused the airplane to stall less than 5 kilometres from the airport, crash and catch fire, killing all 156 passengers and 10 crew on board. To date, it remains the deadliest aviation accident in Kazakhstan.
The following is a list of accidents and incidents experienced by Aeroflot during the 1980s. The deadliest accident the carrier experienced in this decade occurred in July 1985, when Flight 7425, a Tupolev Tu-154B-2, stalled en route and crashed near Uchkuduk, then located in the Uzbek SSR, claiming the lives of all 200 occupants aboard the aircraft. The second deadliest accident the company went through in the decade took place in October 1984, when Flight 3352, a Tupolev Tu-154B-1, hit snowploughs upon landing at Omsk Airport, killing 174 of 179 people on board plus four people on the ground. Both accidents combined left a death toll of 378 casualties and involved a Tupolev Tu-154, ranking as the worst ones involving the type, as of February 2012.
Aeroflot Flight 964 was a flight operated by Aeroflot from Kutaisi Airport, Georgia to Domodedovo Airport, Moscow, Russian SFSR. On 13 October 1973, the Tupolev Tu-104 operating on the route crashed during its approach to Moscow, killing all 122 passengers and crew on board. It remains the deadliest accident involving a Tupolev Tu-104.
Aeroflot Flight 03 was a passenger flight from Khabarovsk Airport to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Airport. On 3 September 1962 the Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-104 lost control after the airframe started vibrating, resulting in the plane rolling and yawing several times at an altitude of 4,500 meters before crashing. The aircraft crashed into a swamp, some 90 kilometers away from Khabarovsk. At the time, it was the deadliest crash in the history of Soviet aviation.
Aeroflot Flight 2003 was operated on 3 January 1976 by a Tupolev Tu-124, registration СССР-45037, when it crashed 7 km after take-off from Moscow–Vnukovo Airport (VKO/UUWW), on a domestic flight to Minsk-1 International Airport (MHP/UMMM), and Brest Airport (BQT/UMBB), Belarus. The crash killed all sixty-one on board and one in a house on the ground.
Aeroflot Flight 7841 was a scheduled Soviet domestic passenger flight from Minsk to Leningrad, which crashed on 1 February 1985 killing fifty eight people on board. Twenty-two people survived the accident. The crash was caused by engine failure brought on by ice ingestion. On 8 May 1985 the Tupolev Tu-134A was officially written off.
Aeroflot Flight 6502 was a Soviet domestic passenger flight operated by a Tupolev Tu-134A from Sverdlovsk to Grozny, which crashed on 20 October 1986; 70 of the 94 passengers and crew on board were killed. Investigators determined the cause of the accident was pilot negligence.
Aeroflot Flight 3843 was a Soviet Union commercial flight that crashed on January 13, 1977, after a left engine fire near Almaty Airport. All 90 people on board perished in the crash.
Aeroflot Flight 2415 was a regularly scheduled passenger flight from Moscow to Leningrad that crashed shortly after takeoff on 28 November 1976. The cause of the accident was attributed to crew disorientation as a result of artificial horizon failure in low visibility conditions.
Aeroflot Flight 3739 was a regularly scheduled Russian domestic flight from Irkutsk to Pulkovo Airport in Saint Petersburg that crashed during takeoff from Irkutsk International Airport on 9 February 1976. Twenty-four of the 114 people on board perished in the accident.
Aeroflot Flight 513 was a domestic scheduled passenger flight operated by Aeroflot that crashed during takeoff from Kuybyshev Airport in the Soviet Union on 8 March 1965, resulting in the deaths of 30 passengers and crew. It was the first fatal accident involving a Tupolev Tu-124.
Aeroflot Flight 109 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Moscow to Chita with stopovers in Chelyabinsk, Novosibirsk, and Irkutsk. On the final leg of the route on 18 May 1973 a terrorist hijacked the aircraft, demanding to be flown to China; the terrorist's bomb detonated in flight after he was shot by the air marshal.
Aeroflot Flight 04 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Khabarovsk to Moscow with a stopover in Irkutsk that crashed on 15 August 1958, killing all 64 passengers and crew aboard the aircraft. It was the first fatal accident involving a Tupolev Tu-104.
Aeroflot Flight 5484 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Odesa to Kazan with a stopover in Kyiv that experienced loss of control followed by breaking up in the air on 29 August 1979 over the Tambov Oblast, killing all 63 people on board. It remains the deadliest Tu-124 crash and regular passenger services with the Tu-124 were permanently suspended after the accident, but the Tu-124 was still used by the Soviet military after the accident.
Aeroflot Flight 2022 was a scheduled Soviet domestic passenger flight between Vilnius Airport in Lithuanian SSR and Vnukovo International Airport in Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union that crashed on 16 December 1973, killing all 51 people on board. The five hundred mile flight suffered a loss of control as a result of a malfunction of its elevator, causing it to crash as it made its final descent into Moscow. At the time of the crash it was the worst accident in aviation history involving a Tupolev Tu-124, since it entered service with Aeroflot in 1962.
Aeroflot Flight 012 was a scheduled international passenger flight from Beijing, China to Moscow, Soviet Union on Saturday, July 13, 1963, which crashed on landing at a scheduled stopover in Irkutsk. 33 of the 35 people on board died in the crash.
The 1974 EgyptAir Tupolev Tu-154 crash occurred on 10 July 1974, when an EgyptAir Tupolev-Tu-154 aircraft crashed during a training flight near Cairo International Airport. This resulted in the deaths of all six crew members on board.