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The 2023 elections in the European Union included national and regional elections in the EU member states. [1] [2]
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The 2023 elections in the European Union included national and regional elections in the EU member states. [1] [2]
| Member state | Election | Parliament before | Head of Government before | Party | EU Party | Parliament after | Head of Government after | Party | EU Party | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estonia | 5 March |  | Kaja Kallas | Reform | ALDE |  | Kaja Kallas | Reform | ALDE | ||||
| Bulgaria | 2 April |  | Galab Donev (caretaker) | Ind. | Ind. |  | Nikolai Denkov | PP | Ind. [a] | ||||
| Finland | 2 April |  | Sanna Marin | SDP | PES |  | Petteri Orpo | National Coalition | EPP | ||||
| Greece | 21 May |  | Kyriakos Mitsotakis | ND | EPP |  | Ioannis Sarmas (caretaker) | Ind. | Ind. | ||||
| Greece | 25 June | | Ioannis Sarmas (caretaker) | Ind. | Ind. |  | Kyriakos Mitsotakis | ND | EPP | ||||
| Spain | 23 July |   | Pedro Sánchez | PSOE | PES |   | Pedro Sánchez | PSOE | PES | ||||
| Slovakia | 30 September |  | Ľudovít Ódor (caretaker) | Ind. | Ind. |  | Robert Fico | Smer | PES | ||||
| Luxembourg | 8 October |  | Xavier Bettel | DP | ALDE |  | Luc Frieden | CSV | EPP | ||||
| Poland | 15 October |   | Mateusz Morawiecki | PiS | ECR |   | Donald Tusk | PO | EPP | ||||
| Netherlands | 22 November |  | Mark Rutte | VVD | ALDE |  | Dick Schoof | Ind. | Ind. | ||||
| Member state | Election | President before | Party | EU Party | President after | Party | EU Party | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyprus | 5 February 12 February | Nicos Anastasiades | DISY | EPP | Nikos Christodoulides | Ind. [b] | Ind. [c] | ||||
| Member state | Election | President before | Party | EU Party | President after | Party | EU Party | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czech Republic | 13–14 January 27–28 January | Miloš Zeman | SPO | Ind. | Petr Pavel | Ind. | Ind. | ||||
| Latvia | 31 May | Egils Levits | Ind. | Ind. | Edgars Rinkēvičs | Unity | EPP | ||||
All thirteen regions held elections.
Five regions held elections.
All twelve provinces held elections, also indirectly determining the composition of the Senate.
Twelve autonomous communities held elections.
Politics of England forms the major part of the wider politics of the United Kingdom, with England being more populous than all the other countries of the United Kingdom put together. As England is also by far the largest in terms of area and GDP, its relationship to the UK is somewhat different from that of Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland. The English capital London is also the capital of the UK, and English is the dominant language of the UK. Dicey and Morris (p26) list the separate states in the British Islands. "England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, and Sark.... is a separate country in the sense of the conflict of laws, though not one of them is a State known to public international law." But this may be varied by statute.
Referendums in the United Kingdom are occasionally held at a national, regional or local level. Historically, national referendums are rare due to the long-standing principle of parliamentary sovereignty. Legally there is no constitutional requirement to hold a national referendum for any purpose or on any issue. However, the UK Parliament is free to legislate through an Act of Parliament for a referendum to be held on any question at any time.
Ethiopia is a federation subdivided into ethno-linguistically based regional states and chartered cities. This system of administrative regions replaced the provinces of Ethiopia in 1992.
Elections in Spain encompass four different types: general elections, regional elections, local elections, and elections to the European Parliament. General elections and regional elections are typically conducted at the conclusion of the national or regional legislative mandate, which usually spans four years since the previous election. However, early elections can be called in certain circumstances. On the other hand, local council elections and elections to the European Parliament follow fixed dates, although some local government bodies, such as provincial councils, are not directly elected. In most elections, a party-list proportional representation (PR) system is employed, while the Senate utilizes the plurality system.
Elections in Belgium are organised for legislative bodies only, and not for executive functions. Direct elections take place for the European Parliament, the Chamber of Representatives, the Parliaments of the Regions, the Parliaments of the Communities, the provincial councils, the municipal councils and the councils of Districts of Antwerp. Voting is mandatory in federal elections, and all elections use proportional representation which in general requires coalition governments.
Elections in Portugal are free, fair, and regularly held, in accordance with election law.
All elections in the Czech Republic are based on the principle of universal suffrage. Any adult citizen who is at least 18 years old can vote, except those who have been stripped of their legal capacities by a court, usually on the basis of mental illness. Elected representatives are elected directly by the citizens without any intermediaries. Election laws are not part of the constitution, but – unlike regular laws – they cannot be changed without the consensus of both houses of the Parliament. The Czech Republic uses a two-round plurality voting system for the presidential and Senate elections and an open party-list proportional representation system for all other elections. The proportional representation system uses the Sainte-Laguë method for allocating seats.
Elections in Luxembourg are held to determine the political composition of the representative institutions of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Luxembourg is a liberal representative democracy, with universal suffrage guaranteed under its constitution. Elections are held regularly, and are considered to be fair and free.
An independence referendum was held in Montenegro on 21 May 2006. It was approved by 55.5% of voters, narrowly passing the 55% threshold. By 23 May preliminary referendum results were recognized by all five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, suggesting widespread international recognition if Montenegro were to become formally independent. On 31 May the referendum commission officially confirmed the results of the referendum, verifying that 55.5% of valid votes were in favor of independence. Because voters met the controversial threshold requirement of 55% approval, the referendum was incorporated into a declaration of independence during a special parliamentary session on 31 May. The Assembly of the Republic of Montenegro made a formal Declaration of Independence on Saturday 3 June.
The European Parliamentary Elections Act 2002 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom governing elections to the European Parliament.
According to the Organic Law of Regional Governments, the regions are, with the departments, the first-level administrative subdivisions of Peru. Since its 1821 independence, Peru had been divided into departments but faced the problem of increasing centralization of political and economic power in its capital, Lima.
The regions of England, formerly known as the government office regions, are the highest tier of sub-national division in England. They were established in 1994 and follow the 1974–96 county borders. They are a continuation of the former 1940s standard regions which followed the 1889–1974 administrative county borders. Between 1994 and 2011, all nine regions had partly devolved functions; they no longer fulfil this role, continuing to be used for limited statistical purposes.
Overseas France consists of 13 French territories outside Europe, mostly the remnants of the French colonial empire that remained a part of the French state under various statuses after decolonisation. Most are part of the European Union.
On 5 May 2011, the United Kingdom held a referendum on whether to change the system for electing members to the House of Commons, the lower house of the national Parliament at Westminster. In the event of a "Yes" vote, future general elections would use the "alternative vote"; in the event of a "No" vote, the existing first-past-the-post system would remain in place. The votes cast in the referendum were first counted in each of 440 districts or electoral divisions across the country, which were then combined and declared at a regional level.
The Referendum Act 1975 also known at the time as the Referendum Bill was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which made legal provision for the holding of a consultative referendum on whether the United Kingdom should remain a member of the European Communities (EC)—generally known at the time in the UK, with reference to their main component, the European Economic Community (EEC) as stipulated in the Act, also known at the time as the "Common Market". The Referendum Bill was introduced to the House of Commons by the Leader of the House of Commons and Lord President of the Council Edward Short on 26 March 1975; on its second reading on 10 April 1975, MPs voted 312–248 in favour of holding the referendum—which came the day after they voted to stay in the European Communities on the new terms set out in the renegotiation.
The European Union Referendum Act 2015 was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that made legal provision for a consultative referendum to be held in the United Kingdom and Gibraltar, on whether it should remain a member state of the European Union or leave the bloc altogether. The bill was introduced to the House of Commons by Philip Hammond, Foreign Secretary on 28 May 2015. Two weeks later, the second reading of the Bill was supported by MPs from all parties except the SNP; the bill subsequently passed on its third reading in the Commons on 7 September 2015. It was approved by the House of Lords on 14 December 2015, and given Royal Assent on 17 December 2015. The Act came partly into force on the same day and came into full legal force on 1 February 2016.
The European Union (Referendum) Act 2016 was an Act of the Gibraltar Parliament, which implements the United Kingdom's European Union Referendum Act 2015 in Gibraltar. It was the first time a referendum has been held in Gibraltar on the issue of continued EU membership since the territory joined along with the United Kingdom in 1973 and was the first time that any British Overseas Territory had participated in a UK-wide referendum. The Act commenced on 26 January 2016, and received assent from the Governor of Gibraltar on 28 January 2016.
The 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum took place in the United Kingdom and Gibraltar on 23 June 2016. Membership of the European Union had been a topic of political debate in the United Kingdom since the country joined the European Communities in 1973. This referendum was conducted very differently from the European Communities membership referendum in 1975; a more localised and regionalised counting procedure was used, and the ballot was overseen by the Electoral Commission, a public body that did not exist at the time of the first vote. This article lists, by voting area for Great Britain and Gibraltar and by parliamentary constituency for Northern Ireland, all the results of the referendum, each ordered into national and regional sections.
Novoaidar is a rural settlement in Shchastia Raion, Luhansk Oblast, in the Donbas region of eastern Ukraine. Resirence of Novoaidar settlement hromada. Novoaidar is 57km, by road from regional centre Luhansk, 43km from Sieverodonetsk, and 747km from Kyiv. Novoaidar is located on the river Aidar, and is on Highway H21, which runs from Donetsk to Starobilsk.
The 2024 elections in the European Union include European, national and regional elections in the EU member states.