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The 2023 elections in the European Union included national and regional elections in the EU member states. [1] [2]
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The 2023 elections in the European Union included national and regional elections in the EU member states. [1] [2]
| State | Date | Parliament before | Head of Government before | Party | EP Group | Parliament after | Head of Government after | Party | EP Group | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estonia | 5 March |  | Kaja Kallas | Reform | RE |  | Kaja Kallas | Reform | RE | ||||
| Bulgaria | 2 April |  | Galab Donev (caretaker) | Ind. | Ind. |  | Nikolai Denkov | PP | RE | ||||
| Finland | 2 April |  | Sanna Marin | SDP | S&D |  | Petteri Orpo | National Coalition | EPP | ||||
| Greece | 21 May |  | Kyriakos Mitsotakis | ND | EPP |  | Ioannis Sarmas (caretaker) | Ind. | Ind. | ||||
| Greece | 25 June | | Ioannis Sarmas (caretaker) | Ind. | Ind. |  | Kyriakos Mitsotakis | ND | EPP | ||||
| Spain | 23 July |   | Pedro Sánchez | PSOE | S&D |   | Pedro Sánchez | PSOE | S&D | ||||
| Slovakia | 30 September |  | Ľudovít Ódor (caretaker) | Ind. | Ind. |  | Robert Fico | SMER–SD | S&D | ||||
| Luxembourg | 8 October |  | Xavier Bettel | DP | RE |  | Luc Frieden | CSV | EPP | ||||
| Poland | 15 October |   | Mateusz Morawiecki | PiS | ECR |   | Donald Tusk | PO | EPP | ||||
| Netherlands | 22 November |  | Mark Rutte | VVD | RE |  | Dick Schoof | Ind. | Ind. | ||||
| State | Date | President before | Party | EP Group | President after | Party | EP Group | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyprus | 5 February 12 February | Nicos Anastasiades | DISY | EPP | Nikos Christodoulides | Ind. [lower-alpha 1] | Ind. [lower-alpha 2] | ||||
| State | Date | President before | Party | EP Group | President after | Party | EP Group | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czech Republic | 13–14 January 27–28 January | Miloš Zeman | SPO | Ind. | Petr Pavel | Ind. | Ind. | ||||
All thirteen regions held elections.
Five regions held elections.
All twelve provinces held elections, also indirectly determining the composition of the Senate.
Twelve autonomous communities held elections.
The Christian Social Union in Bavaria is a Christian democratic and conservative political party in Germany. Having a regionalist identity, the CSU operates only in Bavaria while its larger counterpart, the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), operates in the other fifteen states of Germany. It differs from the CDU by being somewhat more conservative in social matters, following Catholic social teaching. The CSU is considered the de facto successor of the Weimar-era Catholic Bavarian People's Party.
The Party of European Socialists (PES) is a social democratic European political party.
The politics of Belgium take place in the framework of a federal, representative democratic, constitutional monarchy. The King of the Belgians is the head of state, and the prime minister of Belgium is the head of government, in a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Federal legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament, the Senate and the Chamber of Representatives. The federation is made up of (language-based) communities and (territorial) regions. Philippe is the seventh and current King of the Belgians, having ascended the throne on 21 July 2013.
The presidency of the Council of the European Union is responsible for the functioning of the Council of the European Union, which is the co-legislator of the EU legislature alongside the European Parliament. It rotates among the member states of the EU every six months. The presidency is not an individual, but rather the position is held by a national government. It is sometimes incorrectly referred to as the "president of the European Union". The presidency's function is to chair meetings of the council, determine its agendas, set a work program and facilitate dialogue both at Council meetings and with other EU institutions. The presidency is currently, as of July 2024, held by Hungary.
A member of the European Parliament (MEP) is a person who has been elected to serve as a popular representative in the European Parliament.
The Flemish Parliament constitutes the legislative power in Flanders for matters which fall within the competence of Flanders, both as a geographic region and as a cultural community of Belgium.
The 1999 European Parliament election was the United Kingdom's part of the European Parliament election 1999. It was held on 10 June 1999. Following the European Parliamentary Elections Act 1999, it was the first European election to be held in the United Kingdom where the whole country used a system of proportional representation. In total, 87 Members of the European Parliament were elected from the United Kingdom across twelve new regional constituencies.
Elections in Belgium are organised for legislative bodies only, and not for executive functions. Direct elections take place for the European Parliament, the Chamber of Representatives, the Parliaments of the Regions, the Parliaments of the Communities, the provincial councils, the municipal councils and the councils of Districts of Antwerp. Voting is mandatory and all elections use proportional representation which in general requires coalition governments.
Elections in Portugal are free, fair, and regularly held, in accordance with election law.
There have not been national elections in Eritrea since independence in 1993. In theory, elections choose representatives from the country's six regions for the National Assembly. Elections would also occur to elect representatives for the country's regional assemblies and other posts within the country's districts. However, local elections have been regularly held in the past. Eritrea was the least electoral democracy in Africa in 2023 according to V-Dem Democracy indices with a score of 0.073 out of 1.
There are five types of elections in Slovakia: municipal elections, regional elections, parliamentary elections, presidential elections and elections to the European Parliament. All four types of elections are normally held after fixed periods, although early elections can occur in certain situations. Elections are conventionally scheduled for a Saturday - the polls normally open at 7:00 in the morning and close at 22:00 in the evening. Citizens aged 18 years or older are eligible to vote. Those serving prison sentences for particularly serious crimes, as well as those deprived of legal capacity, including persons with mental disabilities, are denied the right to vote. Voter registration is passive and decentralized with the voter register maintained by municipalities based on the permanent residence register. Voter lists are updated continuously based on municipal records and input provided by state institutions or other municipalities. Voters may verify their data in voter lists, and, if necessary, request correction until the day before election day. On election day, a voter can be added to a voter list upon presenting an identity card with proof of residency. Some 4.4 million voters are registered and valid to vote in the elections. Voters are only able to vote from abroad during the Parliamentary Elections in Slovakia.
Elections in Luxembourg are held to determine the political composition of the representative institutions of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Luxembourg is a liberal representative democracy, with universal suffrage guaranteed under its constitution. Elections are held regularly, and are considered to be fair and free.
The European Parliamentary Elections Act 2002 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom governing elections to the European Parliament.
According to the Organic Law of Regional Governments, the regions are, with the departments, the first-level administrative subdivisions of Peru. Since its 1821 independence, Peru had been divided into departments but faced the problem of increasing centralization of political and economic power in its capital, Lima.
Parliamentary elections were held in Albania on 28 June 2009. No alliance achieved 71 deputies on its own needed to form a parliamentary majority. A coalition government was formed by the Democratic Party and Socialist Movement for Integration.
The regions of England, formerly known as the government office regions, are the highest tier of sub-national division in England. They were established in 1994 and follow the 1974–96 county borders. They are a continuation of the former 1940s standard regions which followed the 1889–1974 administrative county borders. Between 1994 and 2011, all nine regions had partly devolved functions; they no longer fulfil this role, continuing to be used for limited statistical purposes.
The European Union Referendum Act 2015 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that made legal provision for a consultative referendum to be held in the United Kingdom and Gibraltar, on whether it should remain a member state of the European Union or leave the bloc altogether. The Bill was introduced to the House of Commons by Philip Hammond, Foreign Secretary on 28 May 2015. Two weeks later, the second reading of the Bill was supported by MPs from all parties except the SNP; the Bill subsequently passed on its third reading in the Commons on 7 September 2015. It was approved by the House of Lords on 14 December 2015, and given Royal Assent on 17 December 2015. The Act came partly into force on the same day and came into full legal force on 1 February 2016.
The 2024 European Parliament election was held in the European Union (EU) between 6 and 9 June 2024. It was the tenth parliamentary election since the first direct elections in 1979, and the first European Parliament election after Brexit. A total of 720 Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) were elected to represent more than 450 million people from 27 member states. This election also coincided with a number of other elections in some European Union member states.
The 2024 elections in the European Union include European, national and regional elections in the EU member states.