2024 Houston derecho

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2024 Houston derecho
Houston derecho high rise building damage.jpg
Windows blown out of CenterPoint Energy Plaza in Houston
Date(s)May 16, 2024 [1]
Peak wind gust  (measured)78 mph (126 km/h; 34.9 m/s)(Highlands, Texas) [2]
Peak wind gust (est.)100 mph (161 km/h; 44.7 m/s)(Houston, Texas)
Tornado count3(Texas, Louisiana) [3]
Fatalities8 [4]
Damage costs$1.2 billion (2024 USD) [5]
Areas affected Southeast Texas, Louisiana, Southern Mississippi, Southern Alabama, Florida [6]
Severest impact  Greater Houston

From the evening of May 16, 2024, to midday May 17, 2024, a derecho struck the Gulf Coast of the United States from Southeastern Texas to Florida, causing widespread damage, particularly in the city of Houston and surrounding metropolitan area. [7] At least seven people were killed by the storms, dubbed the Houston derecho by the National Weather Service, [7] which brought winds up to 100 miles per hour (160 km/h). [8] [9] [10]

Contents

Meteorological synopsis

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook for May 16, 2024, issued at 2000Z, indicating an enhanced risk for severe weather from southeast Texas into southwest Louisiana. May 16, 2024 2000Z Storm Prediction Center Day 1 Convective Outlook.gif
SPC's Day 1 convective outlook for May 16, 2024, issued at 2000Z, indicating an enhanced risk for severe weather from southeast Texas into southwest Louisiana.

On May 14, the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) outlined a level 2/Slight risk for severe weather across portions of central and northern Texas. [11] This risk area was zonally extended westward to the Texas–New Mexico border and eastward into southern Mississippi the following day. [12] By the morning of May 16, a level 3/Enhanced risk was delineated across central Texas, extending southward and eastward toward the Texas and Louisiana gulf coasts during the afternoon hours. [13] [14] Convective activity was already ongoing by the time of these outlooks, focused along and north of an outflow boundary from Midland into northeastern Texas. [15] The environment south of these storms was characterized by rich low-level moisture and rapidly cooling temperatures with height, contributing to mixed-layer convective available potential energy values at or above 3,000 J/kg, indicative of a very unstable environment. [14] Farther east across southeastern Texas and southwestern Louisiana, a greater surge of moisture began to advect with a northward-moving warm front bringing dewpoints as high as the upper-70s °F into the coastal counties. Forecasters believed that not only would thunderstorms develop along the frontal boundary, but also that the front may act to intensify the pre-existing line of storms approaching from the west. [16]

By mid-afternoon, an expansive mesoscale convective system evolved across much of central and eastern Texas, exhibiting numerous updrafts and an increasing potential for extensive damaging winds. [17] As this complex surged southeastward, it evolved into a derecho—a particularly long-lived and widespread damaging wind event—as it moved into the Greater Houston metropolitan area. While the highest wind gust recorded by an anemometer reached 78 mph (126 km/h), post-storm damage surveys conducted by the local National Weather Service office estimated that winds reaching 100 mph (160 km/h) moved through portions of the downtown area. [18] Two EF1 tornadoes accompanied this activity. [19] The derecho maintained vigor as it continued eastward into Louisiana during the evening hours, fueled by continued transport of warm air from the south. [20] Isolated hurricane-force wind gusts were recorded, including an 84 mph (135 km/h) gust at the New Orleans Lakefront Airport. Another EF1 tornado was confirmed in Romeville. [21] By the pre-dawn hours of May 17, this convective line progressed offshore into the Gulf of Mexico, with instability confined to the immediate coastline. As such, the threat of inland severe weather decreased, [22] leaving behind widespread damaging wind reports across portions of the Gulf Coast states. [23]

Impact and damage

Texas

Greater Houston

As the derecho moved through the Greater Houston area, it produced wind gusts of up to 100 mph (161 km/h) in Downtown Houston. [2] The derecho was considered the worst damaging wind event to affect Houston in nearly 25 years. The strong winds in Downtown Houston blew out the windows of many high-rise buildings in the area, littering the streets below with broken glass. A brick building occupied by a bar near the intersection of Congress Street and Travis Street suffered the collapse of a wall. [24] The derecho caused extensive damage to transmission lines along with widespread straight-line damage and more than a million customers lost power in the Greater Houston area and nearby counties as a result of the high winds. [25] More than 24 hours later, almost 555,000 customers still remained without power, [26] and by Wednesday of the following week, when repairs were initially expected to be finished, nearly 60,000 homes, businesses, and schools in the worst hit areas of the city were still without power. [27]

Seven people were confirmed to have died in Greater Houston as a result of the storm; [28] the number of deaths was later revised to eight. [4]

Elsewhere in Texas

Elsewhere in Texas outside of Houston, much of east Texas experienced floods. [29]

Louisiana

In the Baton Rouge, Louisiana area, numerous trees and power lines were downed, some of which landed on homes and cars. However, no injuries were reported. [30] As the derecho moved into the New Orleans area, it produced winds of more than 80 mph (128 km/h). Tornado warnings were issued in St. John the Baptist and St. Charles parishes as the storms passed through. The strong winds overturned three mobile homes at the New Orleans RV Resort and Marina, resulting in the hospitalization of four people. [31] Small aircraft and equipment at the Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport were damaged. [32] Minor street flooding and downed trees were reported in Covington. Downed trees blocked a lane of U.S. 90 near Live Oak, leaving only a single lane passable to traffic. [33] More than 65,000 customers lost power in Southeast Louisiana as a result of the high winds. [34]

Confirmed tornadoes

Three EF1 tornadoes were confirmed during the event.

May 16 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Thursday, May 16, 2024 [lower-alpha 1]
EF# LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF1SSE of Pine Island Waller TX 29°59′20″N95°59′41″W / 29.989°N 95.9947°W / 29.989; -95.9947 (Pine Island (May 16, EF1)) 22:44–22:450.71 mi (1.14 km)100 yd (91 m)
A large metal barn was destroyed, with debris tossed 1,000 yd (910 m). Trailers were rolled, and trees were downed. [35]
EF1S of Cypress Harris TX 29°55′24″N95°42′07″W / 29.9232°N 95.7019°W / 29.9232; -95.7019 (Cypress (May 16, EF1)) 23:08–23:090.77 mi (1.24 km)100 yd (91 m)
Numerous homes sustained roof damage and broken windows. [35]
EF1 Romeville St. James LA 30°04′10″N90°53′19″W / 30.0695°N 90.8886°W / 30.0695; -90.8886 (Romeville (May 16, EF1)) 03:46–03:525 mi (8.0 km)120 yd (110 m)
A tornado moved through Romeville, damaging the roofs of several frame houses and manufactured homes, snapping power poles, and snapping trees. [36]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ All dates are based on the local time zone where the tornado touched down; however, all times are in Coordinated Universal Time for consistency.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tornado outbreak sequence of June 14–19, 2023</span> North American tornado outbreak

A multi-day period of significant tornado and severe weather activity occurred across the Southern United States, Ohio Valley, and southern High Plains in mid-June 2023. Starting on June 14, tornadoes occurred in Texas, Alabama, and Georgia, where they caused large-scale damage to trees and structures. The tornado outbreak continued on June 15, where tornadoes occurred in five states, including one EF3 tornado which moved directly through the center of Perryton, Texas, causing major damage and three fatalities. More tornadoes touched down on June 16 in the southern and northeastern United States, including an unusual anticyclonic tornado in Mobile and Baldwin counties in Alabama, where the tornado itself was associated with the anticyclonic bookend vortex of a powerful mesoscale convective system. More tornadoes occurred on June 17 and 18, including another EF3 tornado near Louin, Mississippi that destroyed numerous homes and other buildings, killed one person, and injured twenty-five others. This outbreak sequence was unusual in the sense that it produced strong tornadoes in the Deep South in June, despite the region's peak tornado season being March through mid-May, along with the autumn months.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tornado outbreak sequence of June 20–26, 2023</span> Weather event in the United States and Canada

On June 20, a sequence of multiple severe weather events and tornado outbreaks began across large portions of the Great Plains, Midwestern, and Eastern United States as well as Manitoba and Ontario in Canada. This included a historic outbreak of 37 tornadoes in Colorado on June 21. A slow moving trough interacted with extremely high moisture and atmospheric instability to produce favorable conditions for supercells. Large hail and damaging winds accompanied a multi-day tornado risk which produced multiple strong tornadoes, including a destructive high-end EF3 tornado that killed 4 people in Matador, Texas on June 21, and another EF3 tornado south of Granada, Colorado on June 23. Multiple EF2 tornadoes touched down from Indiana to Kentucky on June 25. Reports of power outages, wind damage, hail damage, and tornadic damage accumulated across the affected region. In all, five people died from tornadoes, and three other non-tornadic deaths also occurred. Over 120 people were injured as well.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tornado outbreak and derecho of April 1–3, 2024</span> Tornado outbreak that impacted the US

From April 1 to 3, 2024, a significant tornado outbreak, which also included a derecho, affected much of the Midwestern and Southeastern United States. The National Weather Service issued dozens of severe thunderstorm and tornado warnings across West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, Oklahoma, Kansas, Illinois, Indiana, and Missouri during the event. A total of 32 million people were estimated to be under watches or warnings, and over 150,000 people were estimated to be without power. and 15 people were injured. The event was given an outbreak intensity score of 28 points, ranking it as a significant tornado outbreak, and five people were killed by non-tornadic events as well.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tornado outbreak sequence of May 19–27, 2024</span> Tornado outbreak sequence in the United States

A multi-day period of significant tornado activity along with significant derechos occurred across the Midwestern United States and the Mississippi Valley as well as an additional tornado in the Canadian province of Quebec. From May 19–27, 2024, two derechos occurred and tornadoes were reported across large portions of the Central United States, with multiple Particularly Dangerous Situation (PDS) watches issued across the sequence. On May 19, strong tornadoes occurred with isolated supercells in Colorado and Oklahoma while a derecho produced widespread wind damage and weak tornadoes across Kansas into the early morning hours of May 20. Limited tornadic activity took place on May 20, but another outbreak along with widespread damage struck mainly Iowa and Wisconsin on May 21. Five fatalities were confirmed with a large, violent, long-tracked EF4 tornado that went through Greenfield, Iowa. Scattered to widespread severe weather and tornadoes occurred over the next two days, including an EF2 tornado that injured 30 people on the west side of Temple, Texas. Another derecho formed in southwestern Nebraska late on May 23 and moved eastward, producing widespread wind damage and weak tornadoes through Nebraska and Iowa and northwestern Illinois before withering away in the northern part of the state during the morning hours of May 24.

References

  1. ↑ Monica Danielle (May 17, 2024), Houston storms leave 4 dead, buildings shattered and power outages may last weeks, AccuWeather, retrieved May 18, 2024
  2. 1 2 Wulfeck, Andrew; Sistek, Scott (May 16, 2024). "Houston metro rocked by 100 mph derecho that left 7 dead and over 1 million without power". Fox Weather . Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  3. ↑ "EF-1 tornado confirmed near Cypress, another tornado strikes SW region of Waller Co., NWS says", abc13.com, KTRK-TV ABC 13, May 17, 2024, retrieved May 18, 2024
  4. 1 2 deGrood, Matt (May 20, 2024). "Death toll from Houston severe weather rises to 8, HFD confirms". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
  5. ↑ National Centers for Environmental Information (April 2024). "U.S. Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters" (Press release). Events. Asheville, North Carolina, United States: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on April 15, 2024. Retrieved April 15, 2024.
  6. ↑ @NbergWX (May 17, 2024), "Some big weather news today, the historic severe storm that started in Texas and ended in central Florida Thursday evening into Friday midday has now been designated a "derecho" wind storm. Early damage estimates are several BILLION dollars just in Houston, Texas alone. It started in Texas and ended in Florida, but the majority of the damage was in Texas, Louisiana, and the Florida Panhandle. I also plotted the Severe Storm Warnings that occurred and each icon a severe wind report." , retrieved May 18, 2024– via Twitter
  7. 1 2 Branches of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Weather Service; National Severe Storms Laboratory (2024). "Damage Assessment Toolkit". DAT. United States Department of Commerce.
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  9. ↑ Helsel, Phil (May 17, 2024). "7 dead in Houston area after storms, 100 mph winds". NBC News . Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  10. ↑ "At least 7 dead after hurricane-force winds pound Houston as power outages persist amid rising temperatures". CNN. May 17, 2024. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  11. ↑ Matt Mosier (May 14, 2024). "May 14, 2024 0730 UTC Day 3 Severe Thunderstorm Outlook". Storm Prediction Center . Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  12. ↑ Jeremy Grams (May 15, 2024). "May 15, 2024 1730 UTC Day 2 Convective Outlook". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  13. ↑ Brynn Kerr; Brian Squitieri (May 16, 2024). "May 16, 2024 0600 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  14. 1 2 Rich Thompson; Emily Thornton (May 16, 2024). "May 16, 2024 1630 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  15. ↑ Ryan Jewell; Rich Thompson (May 16, 2024). "Mesoscale Discussion 801". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  16. ↑ Ryan Jewell (May 16, 2024). "Mesoscale Discussion 802". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  17. ↑ Mark Darrow (May 16, 2024). "Mesoscale Discussion 806". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  18. ↑ "Houston metro rocked by 100 mph derecho that left 7 dead and over 1 million without power". Fox Weather. May 17, 2024. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  19. ↑ Roberto Villalpando (May 18, 2024). "2 Houston tornadoes on Thursday each lasted only a minute but packed 100 to 110 mph winds". Houston Chronicle . Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  20. ↑ Mark Darrow (May 16, 2024). "Mesoscale Discussion 810". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  21. ↑ David Mitchell (May 17, 2024). "Tornado with 105 mph winds confirmed in south Louisiana parish during Thursday night storm". The Times-Picayune/The New Orleans Advocate . Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  22. ↑ Steve Goss (May 17, 2024). "Mesoscale Discussion 811". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  23. ↑ "SPC Storm Reports for 05/16/24". Storm Prediction Center. May 16, 2024. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  24. ↑ Courtney Carpenter (May 17, 2024), "Downtown Houston riddled with glass after the storm tore windows out of high-rise buildings", abc13.com, KTRK, retrieved May 18, 2024
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  26. ↑ "Widespread power outages from deadly Houston storm raise new risk: hot weather". AP News. May 18, 2024. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  27. ↑ "CenterPoint expects some Houston-area power outages to extend into weekend". Houston Public Media. May 21, 2024. Retrieved May 25, 2024.
  28. ↑ John Wayne Ferguson; Matt deGrood (May 16, 2024). "At least 7 people confirmed dead in severe thunderstorm that tore through Houston, officials say". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved May 23, 2024.
  29. ↑ Wolfe, Joe Sutton, Elizabeth (May 16, 2024). "At least 4 deaths in Houston, official says, as storms bring 'life-threatening' flood risk to Texas and Louisiana". CNN. Retrieved May 20, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  30. ↑ PHOTOS AND VIDEOS: Storm damage reported in BR, other areas, WAFB, May 17, 2024, retrieved May 18, 2024
  31. ↑ Michelle Hunter (May 17, 2024), "'A big hit.' Storm system that hit Houston brought 80 mph winds to New Orleans area", NOLA.com, retrieved May 18, 2024
  32. ↑ Erin Lowrey (May 17, 2024), New Orleans International Airport reports storm damage, WSDU, retrieved May 18, 2024
  33. ↑ Erin Lowrey (May 17, 2024), Louisiana parish-by-parish storm damage updates, WDSU, retrieved May 18, 2023
  34. ↑ Severe weather strikes Southeast Louisiana, leaving thousands without power; closing schools, FOX 8, May 17, 2024, retrieved May 18, 2024
  35. 1 2 National Weather Service in Houston, Texas (May 18, 2024). NWS Damage Survey for 04/16/24 Tornado Event (Report). Iowa Environmental Mesonet. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  36. ↑ National Weather Service in New Orleans, Louisiana (May 17, 2024). NWS Damage Survey for 05/16/2024 Tornado Event (Report). Iowa Environmental Mesonet. Retrieved May 17, 2024.
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