AMX-10P

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AMX-10P
AMX-10P in the Musee des Blindes, France, pic-2.JPG
An AMX-10P at the Musée des Blindés , Saumur.
Type Infantry fighting vehicle
Place of origin France
Service history
Used bySee Operators
Wars Iran–Iraq War
Gulf War
Bosnian War
War in Iraq (2013–2017)
Production history
Designed1968 [1]
Manufacturer GIAT Industries [2]
Produced1973–1994 [3]
No. built1,750 [3]
VariantsSee Variants
Specifications
Mass14.2 tonnes (15.7 short tons; 14.0 long tons) [4]
Length5.778 m (18 ft 11.5 in) [1]
Width2.78 m (9 ft 1 in) [1]
Height1.87 m (6 ft 2 in) (hull) [1]
Crew3 (commander, gunner, driver) + 8 passengers [1]
Main
armament
20 mm F2/M693 autocannon (800 rounds) [1]
Secondary
armament
7.62 mm MAS coaxial machine gun (2,000 rounds) [4]
Engine Hispano-Suiza Model 115-2 eight-cylinder liquid-cooled diesel [1]
205 kW (275 hp) at 3,000 rpm [1]
Power/weight14.9 kW/t (20.0 hp/t) [1]
Ground clearance0.45m [4]
Fuel capacity528 litres [4]
Operational
range
600 km (370 mi) [4]
Maximum speed 65 km/h (40 mph) [4]

The AMX-10P is a French amphibious infantry fighting vehicle. It was developed from 1965 onwards to replace the AMX-VCI in the French Army. [4] It served with the French Army from its introduction in 1973 until its retirement in 2015, when it was fully replaced by the VBCI. [1] [5]

Contents

The AMX-10P was also successfully exported, and continues to serve with several nations' militaries. It was selected by a number of Arab armies and has been operated by Iraq, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. [2] Special marine variants were developed for Singapore and Indonesia, including the AMX-10 PAC 90 fire support version with a 90 mm gun. [3] [4]

The AMX-10P is fully amphibious, being propelled through water at speeds of up to 7 km/h by twin waterjets. It is fitted as standard with a trim vane and bilge pumps to assist with the flotation process. [2] The AMX-10P shares a number of common transmission and chassis components with its wheeled counterpart, the AMX-10 RC. [1]

Development history

The AMX-10P was developed by the Atelier de Construction d'Issy-les-Moulineaux (AMX) in response to a French army requirement for a new tracked armoured fighting vehicle to supplement or replace the ageing AMX-VCI . [4] The first prototypes were completed around 1968. They were showcased to potential domestic and international customers at Satory in 1969. [1] Production did not commence until the French Army placed its first order in late 1972. [1] The first AMX-10Ps were delivered in mid to late 1973 to the 7th Mechanised Brigade stationed at Reims. [1]

French Army AMX-10Ps were fitted with a 20 mm autocannon in a Toucan II two-man turret with seating for a gunner and commander. Other one-man turrets could be fitted, as well as an observation cupola for training vehicles. [4] Export variants of the AMX-10P abounded, including models equipped with battlefield surveillance radars, the ATILA artillery fire control system, a bank of HOT anti-tank missiles, 60 mm or 81 mm gun-mortars, and a large 90 mm gun. [4]

Greece was the first foreign power to purchase the AMX-10P. Between 1974 and 1977 the Hellenic Army ordered over 100 vehicles in three separate variants. [6] Qatar ordered 30 AMX-10Ps in 1975, while Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Indonesia accounted for large export orders during the early 1980s. [6] GIAT Industries accepted a final order from Singapore for AMX-10P PAC-90s in 1994, [6] following which the production lines were closed. [3] At this point 1,750 AMX-10Ps had been manufactured. [3]

108 AMX-10Ps underwent extensive overhauls to improve their armour and mobility between 2006 and 2008, including new gearboxes and suspension systems. [7] By 2015, however, the AMX-10P had been entirely withdrawn from French service, being replaced by the VBCI. [5]

Description

AMX-10P hulls are fabricated from a welded steel [1] or aluminum alloy [2] and notable for their parallel incorporation of the driving and engine compartments. The driver is seated at the front of the vehicle and to the left. [1] An AMX-10P's driving compartment is provided with a single hatch cover opening to the rear and three periscopes intended for observation purposes when the hatch is closed. [1]

Night vision equipment was not fitted as standard to the base production model. One of the three driving periscopes could be replaced with combined day/night intensification sights as needed. [1] The troop compartment is at the rear of the hull, and provided with two roof hatches. Passengers embark and debark from a ramp, which is accessed through two doors at the rear. [1]

Transmission consists of a hydraulic torque converter coupled to a gearbox with one reverse and four forward driving gears. [1] The AMX-10P utilises a torsion bar suspension, which supports five road wheels with the drive sprocket at the front and idler near the rear. [1] These can be accessed from inside the hull through maintenance panels. [1]

Standard AMX-10P turrets are equipped with a GIAT M693 automatic cannon firing two different types of both high explosive ammunition and armour-piercing ammunition. [1] More than one ammunition type may be loaded at once and fired alternatively. [8] The high explosive rounds have a muzzle velocity of 1,050 m/s. The latest armour-piercing round has a muzzle velocity of 1,300 m/s and is capable of penetrating 20 mm of rolled homogeneous armour at an incidence of 60°. [1] The autocannon has a cyclic rate of fire of 740 rounds per minute, with the gunner being able to switch between semiautomatic, limited burst, or fully automatic fire as necessary. [8]

External

AMX-10Ps have a very distinctive, pointed hull and a sloping glacis plate, with the driver's position plainly visible to the left. [2] The hull roof is horizontal as well as sloped slightly inwards, accommodating a turret ring near the centre of the chassis. [2] Both hull sides are vertical and lack firing ports. [2] There is a circular exhaust outlet on the right side of the hull above the second and third road wheels. [2]

Variants

A Singapore Army AMX-10P PAC-90 with 90 mm gun AMX-10PAC 90.jpg
A Singapore Army AMX-10P PAC-90 with 90 mm gun

Operators

A map of AMX-10P operators in blue, with former operators in red. AMX-10P.png
A map of AMX-10P operators in blue, with former operators in red.

Former operators


The production version of the AMX 10P is present in the game War Thunder as an SPAA.

See also

AMX series

Vehicles of comparable role, performance, and era

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Christopher F. Foss (1976). Jane's World Armoured Fighting Vehicles (1976 ed.). Macdonald and Jane's Publishers Ltd. pp. 213–216. ISBN   0-354-01022-0.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Christopher F. Foss (2000). Jane's Tanks and Combat Vehicles Recognition Guide (2000 ed.). Harper Collins Publishers. pp.  142–145. ISBN   978-0-00-472452-2.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 O'Malley, T.J. (1996). Fighting Vehicles: Armoured Personnel Carriers & Infantry Fighting Vehicles. Mechanicsburg: Stackpole Books. pp. 322–342. ISBN   978-1-85367-211-8.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Chant, Christopher (1987). A Compendium of Armaments and Military Hardware. New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 44–45. ISBN   0-7102-0720-4. OCLC   14965544.
  5. 1 2 3 Jean-Dominique Merchet (28 May 2015). "À quoi ressemblera l'armée de terre en 2020 ?". Secret Défense (in French). Archived from the original on 26 May 2018. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "Trade Registers". Armstrade.sipri.org. Archived from the original on 2010-04-14. Retrieved 2013-06-20.
  7. ↑ "France to Upgrade 108 AMX-10P APCs". Archived from the original on 2007-07-17. Retrieved 2007-11-27.
  8. 1 2 Pretty, Ronald (1980). Jane's Weapon Systems, 1979–80 (1979 ed.). Macdonald and Jane's Publishers Ltd. pp. 312–731. ISBN   978-0-531-03299-2.
  9. ↑ "Department of the army". 1971.
  10. ↑ "Content hosted at ImgBB". Archived from the original on October 12, 2023.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SIPRI. "SIPRI Arms Transfer Database". SIPRI. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 International Institute for Strategic Studies (2024). The Military Balance 2024. Taylor & Francis. ISBN   978-1-040-05115-3.
  13. ↑ Nerguizian, Aram; Cordesman, Anthony (2009). The North African Military Balance: Force Developments in the Maghreb. Washington DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies Press. pp. 27–28. ISBN   978-0-89206-552-3.
  14. ↑ "Les chiffres-clés de la Défense – édition 2011". Ministère français de la Défense. 30 September 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  15. ↑ "Projet de loi de finances pour 2008 : Défense - Equipement des forces". senat.fr (in French). 3 April 2023.
  16. ↑ "Iraqi engineers have refurbished AMX-10P and Panhard IFVs/APCs in Basra, southern #Iraq. For security forces. - ISIS - ISIL map, map of war in Syria, Iraq, Libya - Daesh map - Mosul operation - isis.liveuamap.com". December 20, 2016. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
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