ARW2

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ARW2 Classification
Sport Paralympic Archery
Administrator International Archery Federation

ARW2 is a Paralympic archery classification.

It is a sitting class. This class includes Les Autres sportspeople. People from this class compete in the sport at the Paralympic Games, with an early version appearing at the 1988 World Championships.

Contents

History

A version of this classification first appeared in 1998 during the World Championships, when the sport's governing body decided to pilot a classification programme. At the time, there was a classification called W1, which was for all sitting archers. [1]

Sport

This is a Paralympic archery classification. [2] In 2000, BBC Sport defined this classification as "W2, wheelchair users with full arm function. " [3] In 2008, BBC Sport defined this classification was "ARW2: wheelchair users with full arm function" [2] In 2008, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation defined this classification was "The main difference between ARW1 and ARW2 is the amount of functional ability athletes have in their upper bodies.". [4] In 2012, the Australian Paralympic Education Programme defined this classification as "ARW2 - wheelchair users with full arm movement" [5] In 2010, World Archery defined this classification as: "Defined as paraplegic archer in a wheelchair or comparable disability." [6] The Telegraph in 2011 described this classification as: "Athletes shooting from wheelchairs, but whose disability have less impact than W1 " [7] The British Council defines this classification in 2012 as: "These athletes have a disability that affects only their legs." [8]

Disability groups

Les Autres

One of the disability groups eligible to participate in this class is people defined as Les Autres. [9] [10]

LAF2

LAF2 classified athletes compete in ARW1 or ARW2. [9] [10] Sportspeople in this class use wheelchairs on a regular basis as a result of reduced muscle function. [11] They have low to moderate levels of balance issues while sitting, but maintain overall good balance from that position. [11] They have normal arm function. [11] Medically, this class includes people with severe hemiplegia, and paralysis of one limb while having deformations in two other limbs. Functionally, this means they have severe impairment of three limbs, or all four limbs but to a lesser degree than LAF1. In terms of functional classification, this means the sportsperson uses a wheelchair, has moderate sitting balance, reduced limb function in their throwing limb but has good sitting balance while throwing. [12]

LAF3

LAF3 classified athletes compete in ARW2. [9] [10] Sportspeople in this class use wheelchairs on a regular basis as a result of reduced muscle function. They have normal trunk functionality, balance and use of their upper limbs. [13] Medically, this class includes people with hemiparsis, and hip and knee stiffness with deformation in one arm. It means they have limited function in at least two limbs. In terms of functional classification, this means the sportsperson uses a wheelchair, has good sitting balance and has good arm function. [12]

Events

At the 2008 Summer Paralympics, this classification was known as W2. Events eligible for this classification included W2 Men, W1/2 Women, and team. For the W2 Men, archers qualified from China, Chinese Taipei, France, Germany, Great Britain, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the Ukreain and the United States. For the W1/2 Women's competition, archers qualified from Canada, China, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, Turkey and the Ukraine. [14]

The World Archery Para Championships are the major international event for this classification. In 2011, it was held in Turin, Italy and served as a qualification competition for the 2012 Summer Paralympics. Events for this classification included Individual Recurve Men W2 and Individual Recurve Women W2, in addition to team events using either a compound bow or a recurve bow. [15]

At the 2011 BWAA & WheelPower National Championships & 7th Invitational Event held at the Stoke Mandeville Stadium in England, the gold medal in the Recurve Bow Class W2 Men event was won by Mustafa Demit of Turkey, the silver by Taras Chopyk of the Ukraine and the bronze by Piotr Sawicki of Poland. In the Recurve Bow Class W2 Women event, gold was won by Gizem Girismen of Turkey, silver by Hatice Bayer of Turkey and bronze by Ozlem Kalay of Turkey. [16]

For the 2012 Summer Paralympics, the men's individual recurve qualifying score for the event set by FITA and the International Paralympic Committee was 1100+ FITA score and 720 Round Score of 550+. [17] For the 2012 Summer Paralympics, the women's individual recurve qualifying score for the event set by FITA and the International Paralympic Committee was 1000+ FITA score and 720 Round Score of 450+. [17] At the 2012 Paralympics, this classification competed in the "Olympic round format at a 122cm target from a distance of 70m". [18]

For the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio, the International Paralympic Committee had a zero classification at the Games policy. This policy was put into place in 2014, with the goal of avoiding last minute changes in classes that would negatively impact athlete training preparations. All competitors needed to be internationally classified with their classification status confirmed prior to the Games, with exceptions to this policy being dealt with on a case-by-case basis. [19] In case there was a need for classification or reclassification at the Games despite best efforts otherwise, archery classification was scheduled for September 7 and September 8 at Sambodromo. [19]

Equipment

For archers in this class, "no part of the chair back or its vertical support may protrude in front of the half of the trunk." Their wheelchair can be higher than 110 millimetres (4.3 in) from the bottom of the armpit of an archer. [6]

Competitors

Competitors from this classification include Canada's Lyne Tremblay. [15]

Becoming classified

Classification is handled by FITA – International Archery Federation. [20] FITA has an Ad Hoc Committee dedication to classification, which is led by Chief Classifier Pauline Betteridge. This committee is in charge of determining classifications, providing materials about classifications and training people to classify archers. [21] World Archery classification is done by at least three people. One of them must have a medical background. On the national level, there only needs to be one classifier. [6] Archery classification is done by medical professionals. In classifying an archer, the classifiers look for the range of movement and strength of the archer's arms, legs and back. [21]

Related Research Articles

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ARW1 is a Paralympic archery classification. It is a sitting class. This class includes Les Autres sportspeople. People from this class compete in the sport at the Paralympic Games.

ARST is a Paralympic archery classification. It is a standing class. This class includes Les Autres sportspeople. People from this class compete in the sport at the Paralympic Games. Some people in this class can use stools or have an assistant nock their arrows. Classification is handled by FITA – International Archery Federation.

V1 is a Paralympic archery classification for people with visual disabilities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Para-archery classification</span>

Para-archery classification is the classification system for para-archery used to create a level playing field for archers with a different range of disabilities. Governance in the sport is through the International Archery Federation. Early classification systems for the sport were created during the 1940s and based on medical classification. This has subsequently changed to a functional mobility classification with the exception of blind archery.

Para-equestrian classification is a system for para-equestrian sport is a graded system based on the degree of physical or visual disability and handled at the international level by the FEI. The sport has eligible classifications for people with physical and vision disabilities. Groups of eligible riders include The sport is open to competitors with impaired muscle power, athetosis, impaired passive range of movement, hypertonia, limb deficiency, ataxia, leg length difference, short stature, and vision impairment. They are grouped into five different classes to allow fair competition. These classes are Grade I, Grade II, Grade III, Grade IV, and Grade V(Grade Names Changed as of Jan 2017). The para-equestrian classification does not consider the gender of the rider, as equestrines compete in mixed gender competitions.

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F57 is a disability sport classification for disability athletics for people who compete in field events from a seated position. This class is for people with limb deficiencies not covered by other classes. It includes people who are members of the ISOD A1 and A9 classes. Events open to people in this class include the shot put, discus and javelin.

F56 is a disability sport classification for disability athletics for people who compete in field events from a seated position. The seating field event class used to be known as lower 4, upper 5. Different disability groups compete in this class, including people with amputations and spinal cord injuries. Events that may be on the program for F56 competitors include the discus throw, shot put and javelin.

F55 is a disability sport classification for disability athletics for people who compete in field events from a seated position. Sportspeople in this class have full arm function, partial trunk function and no lower limb function. Different disability groups compete in this class, including people with spinal cord injuries. The classification was previously known as lower 3, upper 4.

LA1 is a Les Autres sport classification is an wheelchair sport classification for a sportsperson with a disability that impacts their locomotor function. People in this class have severe locomotor issues with all four limbs as a result of loss of muscle strength or spasticity. This also impacts their dominant throwing arm. They also have poor sitting balance.

LA2 is a Les Autres sport classification is an wheelchair sport classification for a sportsperson with a disability that impacts their locomotor function. People in this class have severe locomotor issues with all four limbs as a result of loss of muscle strength or spasticity to a lesser degree than LAF1 or have severe locomotor issues in three of their limbs. They have moderate sitting balance, but good sitting balance while throwing.

LA3 is a Les Autres sport classification is a wheelchair sport classification for a sportsperson with a disability that impacts their locomotor function. People in this class have normal trunk function, good sitting balance, and functional upper limbs. They have limited use of their lower limbs.

LA4 is a Les Autres sport classification is an ambulatory sport classification for a sportsperson with a disability that impacts their locomotor function. People in this class may or may not uses crutches and/or braces on a daily basis. They have some issues with balance and reduced function in their upper limbs.

LA5 is a Les Autres sport classification is an ambulatory sport classification for a sportsperson with a disability that impacts their locomotor function. People in this class have normal upper limb functionality, but have problems with balance or use of their lower limbs. Generally, limb problems are confined to one limb.

F8, also SP8, is a standing wheelchair sport classification open to people with spinal cord injuries, with inclusion based on a functional classification on a points system for lower limb functionality. Sportspeople in this class need to have less than 70 points. The class has largely been used in Australia and the United States. F8 has largely been eliminated because of a perceived lack of need internationally for a standing wheelchair class. Sports this class participates in include athletics, swimming and wheelchair basketball. In athletics, participation is mostly in field events.

References

  1. ↑ "History of Para-Archery". FITA Para-Archery Committee. Retrieved 9 April 2012.[ permanent dead link ]
  2. 1 2 "A-Z of Paralympic classification". BBC Sport. 28 August 2008. Retrieved 9 April 2012.
  3. ↑ "Making sense of the categories". United Kingdom: BBC Sport. 6 October 2000. Retrieved 9 April 2012.
  4. ↑ McGarry, Andrew (3 September 2008). "Paralympics categories explained". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 9 April 2012.
  5. ↑ "Archery". Australia: Paralympic Education Program. 2012. Archived from the original on 2011-12-23. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  6. 1 2 3 "FITA Para-Archery, A Handbook for Classifiers" (PDF). World Archery. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 July 2014. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  7. ↑ "London 2012 Paralympics: Archery guide". London: The Telegraph. 26 August 2011. Archived from the original on 28 August 2011. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  8. ↑ "Paralympic Archery". British Council. 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-07-31. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  9. 1 2 3 "Paralympics: What Do The Categories Mean?". Leading Britain's Conversation. Leading Britain's Conversation. Retrieved 2016-07-28.
  10. 1 2 3 "Paralympic Archery - overview, rules and classification | British Paralympic Association". British Paralympic Association. Archived from the original on 2016-07-24. Retrieved 2016-07-31.
  11. 1 2 3 Consejo Superior de Deportes (2011). Deportistas sin Adjectivos (PDF) (in European Spanish). Spain: Consejo Superior de Deportes. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-11-04. Retrieved 2016-08-01.
  12. 1 2 MD, Michael A. Alexander; MD, Dennis J. Matthews (2009-09-18). Pediatric Rehabilitation: Principles & Practices, Fourth Edition. Demos Medical Publishing. ISBN   9781935281658.
  13. ↑ Consejo Superior de Deportes (2011). Deportistas sin Adjectivos (PDF) (in European Spanish). Spain: Consejo Superior de Deportes. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-11-04. Retrieved 2016-08-01.
  14. ↑ "Paralympic Games 2008 - Beijing (CHN), Qualification Slots" (PDF). FITA. 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 September 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  15. 1 2 "World Para Archery Championships Gets Starts in Turin". International Paralympic Committee. 2011. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  16. ↑ "BWAA & WheelPower National Championships & 7th Invitational Event" (PDF). England: British Wheelchair Archery ASsociation. 18 June 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-08-30. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  17. 1 2 Weiss, Katrina (April 2012). "2012 U.S. Paralympic Team Trials for Archery" (PDF). United States Paralympics Team. Retrieved 11 June 2012.[ permanent dead link ]
  18. ↑ "Guide to the Paralympic Games – Sport by sport guide" (PDF). London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games. 2011. p. 29. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 9 April 2012.
  19. 1 2 "Rio 2016 Classification Guide" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. International Paralympic Committee. March 2016. Retrieved July 22, 2016.
  20. ↑ "Guide to the Paralympic Games – Appendix 1" (PDF). London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games. 2011. p. 42. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 9 April 2012.
  21. 1 2 "Para-Archery Classification". FITA Para-Archery Committee. Retrieved 9 March 2012.[ permanent dead link ]
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