| Acanthopagrus bifasciatus | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Spariformes |
| Family: | Sparidae |
| Genus: | Acanthopagrus |
| Species: | A. bifasciatus |
| Binomial name | |
| Acanthopagrus bifasciatus (Forsskål, 1775) | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
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Acanthopagrus bifasciatus, the twobar seabream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, the sea breams and porgies. This species is found in the northwestern Indian Ocean.
Acanthopagrus bifasciatus was first formally described as Chaetodon bifasciatus in 1775 by the Swedish-speaking Finnish explorer, orientalist, naturalist, and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus Peter Forsskål with its Type locality given as Jeddah in modern Saudi Arabia. Forsskål’s description was published posthumously in Descriptiones animalium by edited Carsten Niebuhr. [3] This species has been regarded as conspecific with A. catenula , but are now regarded as separate, the latter species having clear black margins to the fins. [4] Some authorities classify the genus Acanthopagrus in the subfamily Sparinae, [5] but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sparidae. [6]
Acanthopagrus bifasciatus has the specific name bifasciatus, meaning "two-banded, an allusion to the two dark bands on the head of this species. [7]
Acanthopagrus bifasciatus has 11 spines and between 12 and 15 soft rays supporting the dorsal fin while the anal fin is supported by 3 spines and 10 or 11 soft rays. [2] It has a compressed, rather deep body which has a depth that fits into its standard length between 2.4 and 2.6 times. The dorsal profile of the head is straight from the snout until just past the eyes where it is slightly humped up to the origin of the dorsal fin. The background colour of the body is silvery, frequently each scale on the body has a black spot in its middle. There are two obvious dusky bars on the head, one from the occipital through the eye and across the cheek to the back of the rear of the maxilla and the other from the nape across the operculum. The pectoral, dorsal and caudal fins are light yellow, the spiny part of the dorsal fin being its most yellow towards the fin margin. Typically they have no black on the fin margins, although the caudal fin may have a thin black margin. May reach a standard length of around 60 cm (24 in). [8]
Acanthopagrus bifasciatus is restricted to the northwestern Indian Ocean where it is found in the Red Sea around the Arabian Peninsula into the Persian Gulf and east to Pakistan. [8] There have been three records of A. bifasciatus from the Mediterranean Sea, the first off Tunisia in 2010, the second off Barcelona in 2019 and the third in the Aegean Sea off Turkey, these are thought to have reached the Mediterranean Sea via ships. [9] [10] The twobar seabream is found on reefs in shallow inshore waters at depth between 2 and 30 m (6 ft 7 in and 98 ft 5 in). [1]
Acanthopagrus bifasciatus has a diet dominated by molluscs and other benthic invertebrates and is found in small schools. [11] This species is thought to be a protogynous hermaphrodite as the population shows sex ratios biased towards females. Spawning takes plave between January and April in the Persian Gulf. [1]
Acanthopagrus bifasciatus is not intensively fished. They are taken using longlines, handlines, stake net fishing, trawling and fish traps. This species is taken in the southern Persian Gulf using dome-shaped wire traps which have a hexagonal mesh with a diameter of roughly 35 mm (1.4 in). In the southern Persian Gulf, A. bifasciatus is caught using dome shaped wire traps with a hexagonal mesh of approximately 3.5 cm in diameter. Traps are either fished individually or in strings set using by fibre glass dories aor traditional wooden dhows. The twobar seabream is exported from Oman to South Korea. [1]
Sparidae is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Spariformes, the sea breams and porgies, although they were traditionally classified in the order Perciformes. They are found in shallow temperate and tropical waters around the world and are demersal carnivores.
Acanthopagrus schlegelii, the blackhead seabream, black porgy or black seabream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, the seabreams and porgies. This species is found in the Western Pacific Ocean. The blackhead seabream is an important species in commercial fisheries, particularly in Vietnam.
The sohal surgeonfish or sohal tang, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, which includes the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs. This fish is found in the northwestern Indian Ocean.
Acanthopagrus latus, the yellowfin seabream, grey bream, Houttuyn's yellowfin seabream, Japanese bream or yellow-finned black porgy, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, the seabreams and porgies. This fish is found in the Western Pacific Ocean.
Argyrops spinifer, the king soldierbream, Bowen snapper, long-spined red bream, longfin snapper, longspine seabream and red bokako, It is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae. This species is found in the Indian Ocean.
Boops is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sparidae, the seabreams and porgies. There are two species in this genus, one in the Western Atlantic and Mediterranean, and the other in the Western Indian Ocean.
Rhabdosargus sarba, also known as the goldlined seabream, silver bream, tarwhine, or yellowfin bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This fish has a wide [[Indo-Pacific distribution.
Acanthopagrus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sparidae, the sea breams and porgies. The fish in this genus are found in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans.
Rhabdosargus is a genus of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. These fishes are found in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean and throughout the Indo-West Pacific, although mainly in the western Indian Ocean.
Acanthopagrus berda, the goldsilk seabream, sly bream, picnic seabream, black sea bream, black porgy, picky bream, silver bream or river bream, is a species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, the sea breams and porgies. This species is found in the Indian Ocean.
Polysteganus is a genus of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. The fishes in this genus are found in the Indian Ocean.
Polyamblyodon gibbosum, the knife-back seabream or cristie, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This species is endemic to the southwestern Indian Ocean.
Crenidens crenidens, the karanteen seabream or karanteen, is a species of ray-finned fish from the sea bream family Sparidae which was described by the Swedish zoologist Peter Forsskål in 1775. It is native to the western Indian Ocean but has colonised the eastern Mediterranean Sea since 1970. It is one of only three species in genus Crenidens, the others being the little known Crenidens macracanthus and the partially sympatric C. indicus.
Crenidens is a small genus of three species of seabream from the family Sparidae from the western Indian Ocean. It was previously regarded as monotypic, with the sole species being the Karenteen sea bream Crenidens crenidens but two other species are now accepted as valid species, separate from the type species, C. crenidens.
Acanthopagrus taiwanensis, the Taiwan picnic seabream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, the sea breams and porgies. This species is found in the northwestern Pacific Ocean in the waters around Taiwan.
Acanthopagrus morrisoni, the western yellowfin seabream, yellow sea bream or datina, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, the seabreams and porgies. This fish was previoulst regarded as conspecific with A. latus but has now been recognised as a separate valid species restricted to the northwestern coasts of Australia.
Argyrops is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sparidae, the seabreams and porgies. These fishes are found in the coasts of Indian Ocean and near Australia.
Crenidens indicus. Day's karanteen bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This species is found in the Indian Ocean.
Rhabdosargus haffara, the haffara seabream or Haffara stumpnose, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This fish is found in the northwestern Indian Ocean.
Pagellus affinis, the Arabian pandora, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This species is found in the northern Western Indian Ocean.
