Acrodon | |
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Acrodon bellidiflorus , illustration from Plantarum historia succulentarum, 1802. | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Order: | Caryophyllales |
Family: | Aizoaceae |
Subfamily: | Ruschioideae |
Tribe: | Ruschieae |
Genus: | Acrodon N.E.Br. [1] |
Type species | |
Acrodon bellidiflorus (L.) N.E.Br. |
Acrodon is a genus of ice plants from South Africa. It comprises five species, mostly endangered and all restricted to the southern Cape regions of the Western Cape and Eastern Cape Provinces, South Africa. [2]
Species of Acrodon form dense, low mats or tufts of growth, and their leaves are triangular in cross-section.
Another distinctive feature is that the leaves and flowers have a few tiny teeth along the ends of their margins and keels.
The white or pink flowers often have striped petals. The fruits are solid and persistent, with five deep locules. [3]
Initially, Acrodon consisted of just one species - Acrodon bellidiflorus. A closer examination of Ruschia in 1986, however, found that several species shared traits with Acrodon bellidiflorus, resulting in them being moved to the genus Acrodon. Specifically, species in Acrodon had a more compact growth for while those in Ruschia formed shrubs, and Acrodon species had evenly spaced petals while Ruschia species had petals in five bundles. [4]
A later examination of Acrodon, specifically of the fruits, however, found that Acrodon likely consists of at least two distinct genera - Acrodon and Brianhuntleya . The species of Acrodon species have funnel-shaped capsule base while those of Brianhuntleya have flat capsule bases. These two fruit types require different positionings and orientations on and of the stalk holding them. [5]
The following species are recognised as of January 2023: [6]
The following were previously included in Acrodon but have been moved to other genera:
This species has historically been comfused with Ruschia. [5] It is frequently confused with related genera that grow in the same region, such as Brianhuntleya or Cerochlamys .
The Aizoaceae, or fig-marigold family, is a large family of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing 135 genera and about 1800 species. They are commonly known as ice plants or carpet weeds. They are often called vygies in South Africa and New Zealand. Highly succulent species that resemble stones are sometimes called mesembs.
The Cape Floral Region is a floristic region located near the southern tip of South Africa. It is the only floristic region of the Cape Floristic Kingdom, and includes only one floristic province, known as the Cape Floristic Province.
Peninsula Shale Renosterveld (PSR) is a unique vegetation type that is found only on the slopes of Signal Hill and Devil's Peak in Cape Town, South Africa. It is critically endangered and exists nowhere else.
Moraea aristata is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae. It is referred to by the common names blue-eyed uintjie or Blouooguintjie in Afrikaans and is a critically endangered species of plant in the genus Moraea, that is endemic to the city of Cape Town and is now restricted to the grounds of the Observatory in the Cape Town suburb of Observatory.
Cape Winelands Shale Fynbos is a vegetation type that naturally occurs in the Cape Winelands of the Western Cape, South Africa.
Durbanville Nature Reserve is a 6-hectare (15-acre) piece of protected land, located next to the Durbanville Racecourse in the Western Cape, South Africa.
Pteronia incana is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, indigenous to the Karoo regions of South Africa.
Trichodiadema pygmaeum is succulent plant of the genus Trichodiadema, native to the Western Cape Province, South Africa, where it is found in fine-grained soils in the regions of Bredasdorp and Swellendam.
Drosanthemum micans, is a succulent plant in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae, indigenous to the Robertson Karoo and Overberg regions of the Western Cape Province, South Africa.
Eriospermum bowieanum is a species of geophytic plant of the genus Eriospermum, endemic to the Robertson Karoo region of the Western Cape Province, South Africa.
Drosanthemum lavisii is a succulent plant in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae, indigenous to the Overberg region of the Western Cape Province, South Africa.
Drosanthemum quadratum is a succulent plant in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae, indigenous to the Overberg region of the Western Cape Province, South Africa.
Mossia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Aizoaceae. It only contains one known species, Mossia intervallaris.
Selago eckloniana is a species of plant in the family Scrophulariaceae. It is endemic to the Western Cape, South Africa.
Polhillia ignota is a species of flowering plant in the genus Polhillia. Prior to its rediscovery in September 2016, it was known from two specimens, and declared extinct in 2014. There are only 13 plants known, on a small renosterveld fragment less than 3 ha in size. It is endemic to Eendekuil, in the Western Cape.
Senecio malacitanus, also known as Senecio linifolius is a species of plant from South Africa.
Acrodon bellidiflorus, the common tiptoothfig, is a mesemb species from South Africa.
Acrodon deminutus, also known as the Malgas tiptoothfig, is a species of mesemb from South Africa.
Acrodon caespitosus, the Potberg tiptoothfig, is a species of mesemb from South Africa.