| Aderkomyces thailandicus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Graphidales |
| Family: | Gomphillaceae |
| Genus: | Aderkomyces |
| Species: | A. thailandicus |
| Binomial name | |
| Aderkomyces thailandicus Papong, Boonpragob & Lücking (2011) | |
Aderkomyces thailandicus is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Gomphillaceae. [1] Found in the lower montane rainforests of Thailand, it was described as new to science in 2011.
Aderkomyces thailandicus was first formally described by lichenologists Khwanruan Butsatorn Papong, Kansri Boonpragob, and Robert Lücking as a new species in 2011. The name of the species is derived from the country where it was discovered. The type specimen was collected by the first author in February 2006 at Huai Nam Dung National Park in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. [2]
Aderkomyces thailandicus is an epiphyllous lichen with a crustose, verrucose thallus, or vegetative body. It has a greenish-grey colour, and the thallus is 10–15 μm thick. The lichen also features white, long sterile setae , which are hair-like structures, measuring 2–2.5 mm in length. [2]
The lichen's apothecia, or spore-producing structures, are initially immersed- erumpent with thin marginal lobules , but they eventually become broadly sessile to adnate with a slightly prominent margin. The apothecia are light grey-brown, sometimes with an orange tinge, and range from 0.2 to 0.5 mm in diameter. [2]
The excipulum , a tissue surrounding the hymenium, comprises radiating hyphae embedded in a gelatinous matrix and is colourless. The hymenium, the fertile layer containing asci and paraphyses , is also colourless and measures 35–50 μm in height. The asci, or spore-producing sacs, are annelasceous , clavate , and colourless. They measure 35–40 by 18–20 μm and contain 2–4 ellipsoid, muriform , and colourless ascospores, which are 17–22 by 12–14 μm in size. No secondary chemical substances were detected in the lichen using thin-layer chromatography. [2]
This species is recognized by its initially immersed-erumpent apothecia, which are similar to those found in several Gyalideopsis species, and its combination of verrucose thallus and submuriform ascospores with 2-4 per ascus. No other Aderkomyces species has a similar combination of characteristics, making Aderkomyces thailandicus distinct from its relatives. Although the neotropical A. gomezii shares some similarities, it differs by having a smooth thallus and larger ascospores. Additionally, Aderkomyces thailandicus differs from Gyalideopsis species due to the presence of sterile setae, which are absent in Gyalideopsis. [2]
Aderkomyces thailandicus is known from several collections originating from the lower montane rainforests of Thailand. It tends to grow in the understory of these forests, specifically in areas with more light. [2] A. armatus is the only other species of Aderkomyces known to occur in Thailand. [3]
The Graphidaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. The family contains nearly a hundred genera and more than 2000 species. Although the family has a cosmopolitan distribution, most Graphidaceae species occur in tropical regions, and typically grow on bark.
Crustospathula is a genus of five species of crustose lichens in the family Malmideaceae. They are characterized by their stalked and sometimes branched cartilaginous soredia and Bacidia-like apothecia.
Badimia multiseptata is a species of lichen in the family Pilocarpaceae. Found exclusively in lowland rainforest environments of Thailand, it was described as new to science in 2011 by Khwanruan Papong and Robert Lücking. It is characterized by its vividly coloured apothecia and unique, campylidioid conidiomata.
Echinoplaca pernambucensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Gomphillaceae. It was described as new to science in 2011. It is found in the Atlantic Forest in Pernambuco, Brazil. This lichen is similar in appearance to Echinoplaca verrucifera, but lacks setae and contains gyrophoric, lecanoric, and subgyrophoric acids.
Phlyctis psoromica is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Phlyctidaceae. Native to New South Wales, Australia, it was described as new to science in 2011. This lichen is characterised by its whitish to pale blue-grey crustose thallus and distinctive secondary chemistry.
Lecanora mugambii is a species of crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. Found in western Kenya, it was described as new to science in 2011.
Ampliotrema cocosense is a little-known species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Cocos Island, Costa Rica, it was described as new to science in 2011. Its distinctive features include its large, muriform ascospores and a notable chemical composition.
Anomomorpha tuberculata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in rare cerrado vegetation in southern Costa Rica, it was described as new to science in 2011. It is characterised by its its conspicuous tubercles on the thallus and sessile lirellae.
Malmidea is a genus of crustose lichens and the type genus of the family Malmideaceae. It was established in 2011 to contain a phylogenetically distinct group of species formerly placed in the genus Malcolmiella. Malmidea comprises more than 50 mostly tropical species that grow on bark, although a few grow on leaves.
Coenogonium is a genus of crustose lichens in the monotypic family Coenogoniaceae. It has about 90 species. Most species are leaf-dwelling or grow on bark, although a few are known to grow on rocks under certain conditions, and some are restricted to growth on termite nests. The genus was circumscribed in 1820 by German naturalist Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg.
Cruentotrema is a genus of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichens in the family Graphidaceae. It has seven species.
Clandestinotrema is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has 17 species. They typically inhabit montane and cloud forest at higher elevations in the tropics.
Pertusaria inthanonensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Pertusariaceae. Found in northern and northeastern Thailand, it was formally described as a new species in 2005 by Sureeporn Jariangprasert. The type specimen was collected by the author from the Doi Inthanon National Park at an altitude of 1,900 m (6,200 ft), where it was found growing on the bark of a birch tree. The species epithet combines the name of the type locality with the Latin suffix ensis. The main distinguishing characteristics of the lichen are its asci that contain either two or four smooth ascospores, and the presence of confluentic acid, stictic acid, and lichexanthone. The latter substance causes the thallus to fluoresce a bright yellow colours when lit with a long-wavelength UV light.
Pertusaria kansriae is a rare species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Pertusariaceae. Found in Thailand, it was formally described as a new species in 2005 by Sureeporn Jariangprasert. The type specimen was collected by the author from the Doi Inthanon National Park at an altitude of 980 m (3,220 ft), where it was found growing on a tree trunk in a mixed forest; the species is known only from this specimen. The species epithet kansriae honours Thai lichenologist Kansri Boonpragob, who inspired the author to study lichens. Distinguishing characteristics of the lichen are the number of ascospores in the ascus (four), and the presence of the lichen products 4,5-dichlorolichexanthone and 2'-O-methylstenosporic acid.
Pertusaria krabiensis is a rare species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Pertusariaceae. Found in peninsular Thailand, it was formally described as a new species in 2005 by Sureeporn Jariangprasert. The type specimen was collected from near the Wat Thamp Suea Temple in Krabi; the species is known only from the type. The species epithet combines the name of the type locality with the Latin suffix -ensis. The main distinguishing characteristics of Pertusaria krabiensis are its uniseriate ascospores, and the presence of homologues of the lichen product 2-O-methylperlatolic acid.
Pertusaria thailandica is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Pertusariaceae. Found in Thailand, it was formally described as a new species in 2005 by Sureeporn Jariangprasert. The type specimen was collected by the author from Doi Suthep–Pui National Park at an altitude of 1,100 m (3,600 ft), where it was found growing on the bark of Cinchona. The species epithet combines the country of the type locality with the Latin suffix -ensis.
Cruentotrema amazonum is a little-known species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. It is found in Brazil, Thailand, and Vietnam, where it grows in the understory of primary rainforests.
Astrochapsa elongata is a little-known species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found only in a specific region of Thailand, it is closely related to Astrochapsa recurva, yet distinguishes itself through its narrower ascospores and absence of secondary metabolites.
Graphis khaoyaiensis is a rare species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found only in a specific region in Thailand, it closely resembles Graphis dichotoma but can be distinguished by its smaller ascospores and the absence of radiately branched lirellae.
Gyalideopsis aptrootii is a species of corticolous lichen in the family Gomphillaceae. Found in southern Brazil, it was described as a new species in 2018. Defining features of this lichen include the unique crescent-shaped structure of its hyphophores, the single-spored asci, and the relatively small size of the ascospores.