Ajmer-Merwara Province Ajmer-Merwara | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Province of British India | |||||||||
1818–1947 | |||||||||
![]() Rajputana Agency and Ajmer-Merwara province, 1909 | |||||||||
Area | |||||||||
• 1881 | 7,021 km2 (2,711 sq mi) | ||||||||
Population | |||||||||
• 1881 | 460,722 | ||||||||
History | |||||||||
• Ceded to the British | 1818 | ||||||||
• Merger of the Central Provinces and Berar Province | 1947 | ||||||||
|
Ajmer-Merwara (also known as Ajmir Province, [1] and Ajmer-Merwara-Kekri) was a former province of British India in the historical Ajmer region. The territory was ceded to the British by Daulat Rao Sindhia by a treaty on 25 June 1818. It was under the Bengal Presidency until 1861 when it became part of the North-Western Provinces. [2] Finally on 1 April 1871, it became a separate province as Ajmer-Merwara-Kekri. It became a part of independent India on 15 August 1947 when the British left India. [3]
The province consisted of the districts of Ajmer and Merwar, which were physically separated from the rest of British India forming an enclave amidst the many princely states of Rajputana. Unlike these states, which were ruled by local nobles who acknowledged British suzerainty, Ajmer-Merwara was administered directly by the British.
In 1842, the two districts were under a single commissioner, then they were separated in 1856 and were administered by the East India Company. Finally, after 1858, by a chief commissioner who was subordinate to the Governor-General of India's agent for the Rajputana Agency.
The area of the province was 2,710 square miles (7,000 km2). The plateau, on whose centre stands the town of Ajmer, may be considered as the highest point in the plains of North India; from the circle of hills which hem it in, the country slopes away on every side - towards river valleys on the east, south, west and towards the Thar Desert region on the north. The Aravalli Range is the distinguishing feature of the district. The range of hills which runs between Ajmer and Nasirabad marks the watershed of the continent of India. The rain which falls on the southeastern slopes drains into the Chambal, and so into the Bay of Bengal; that which falls on the northwest side into the Luni River, which discharges itself into the Rann of Kutch. [4]
The province is on the border of what may be called the arid zone; it is the debatable land between the north-eastern and south-western monsoons, and beyond the influence of either. The south-west monsoon sweeps up the Narmada valley from Bombay and crossing the tableland at Neemuch gives copious supplies to Malwa, Jhalawar and Kota and the countries which lie in the course of the Chambal River. [4]
The clouds which strike Kathiawar and Kutch are deprived of a great deal of their moisture by the hills in those countries (now the majority of this region is in Gujarat state within independent India), and the greater part of the remainder is deposited on Mount Abu and the higher slopes of the Aravalli Range, leaving but little for Merwara, where the hills are lower, and still less for Ajmer. It is only when the monsoon is in considerable force that Merwara gets a plentiful supply from it. The north-eastern monsoon sweeps up the valley of the Ganges from the Bay of Bengal and waters the northern part of Rajasthan, but hardly penetrates farther west than the longitude of Ajmer. The rainfall of the district depends on the varying strength of these two monsoons. The agriculturist of Ajmer-Merwara could never rely upon two good harvests in succession. [4]
Part of the Ajmer region, the territory of the future province was ceded to the British by Daulat Rao Sindhia of Gwalior State as part of a treaty dated 25 June 1818. Then in May 1823 the Merwara (Mewar) part was ceded to Britain by Udaipur State. Thereafter Ajmer-Merwara was administered directly by the British East India Company. After the Indian Mutiny of 1857, in 1858 the powers of the company were transferred to the British Crown and the Governor-General of India. His administration of Ajmer-Merwara was controlled by a chief commissioner who was subordinate to the British agent for the Rajputana Agency. [5]
From the date of partition and independence in 1947 until 1950, Ajmer-Merwara remained a province of the new Dominion of India. In 1950 it became Ajmer State, which on 1 November 1956, was merged into the state of Rajasthan.
The Rajasthan Land Reforms and Resumption of Jagirs Act, 1952 was the landmark in the legal history of land reforms in Rajasthan which was followed by Rajasthan Tenancy Act, 1955 that became applicable to the whole of Rajasthan. The overriding effect of this Act provided relief to the existing tenants and the rights accrued to tenants accordingly. Now the Jats are major land holders in the region.
The French Congo or Middle Congo was a French colony which at one time comprised the present-day area of the Republic of the Congo and parts of Gabon, and the Central African Republic. In 1910, it was made part of the larger French Equatorial Africa.
Dralion was a touring production by the Canadian entertainment company Cirque du Soleil. The show combined elements of traditional Chinese circus with Western contemporary circus, complementing the "East-meets-West" theme implied in the title—the name is a portmanteau of "dragon" and "lion". It is Cirque du Soleil's twelfth touring production and the first Cirque show since 1985 not to be directed by Franco Dragone. Dralion performed its final show at the Sullivan Arena in Anchorage, Alaska on January 18, 2015, bringing its fifteen-year world tour to a close.
The Diocese of Ourense is one of five Latin Church dioceses of the Catholic Church in Galicia, northwestern Spain. The Bishop of Ourense has his cathedra in the Catedral de la Virgen Madre de los Milagros in Ourense and his jurisdiction covers all the 28 districts and 735 parishes of the Province of Ourense.
The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Madrid is a Latin archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Spain. It is one of Spain's fourteen metropolitan archbishoprics. Since 12 June 2023 the archbishop of Madrid has been José Cobo Cano.
The Diocese of Cádiz and Ceuta is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in Spain. The diocese is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Seville.
The Diocese of Málaga is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or diocese of the Catholic Church in Spain. Its episcopal see is the city of Málaga. The diocese is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Granada.
The Diocese of Astorga is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church whose seat is in the city of Astorga, in the province of León, Castile and León, Spain.
The Diocese of Córdoba is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Córdoba in the ecclesiastical province of Sevilla in Spain. Bishop Demetrio Fernández González is the current bishop of Cordoba.
The Diocese of Canarias or Diocese Canariense-Rubicense is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church located in the Canary Islands in the ecclesiastical province of Seville in Spain. The dioceses includes the islands of Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura and Lanzarote. However, it does not include the whole archipelago, since the Diocese of Tenerife includes the Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. For this reason, the use of the name of the archipelago is currently a very controversial topic in the Canary Islands. It has recently emerged between the society of Lanzarote the desire to recover the diocesan headquarters of San Marcial del Rubicón.
The Diocese of Mallorca (Latin: Dioecesis Maioricensis is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Palma, Majorca in the ecclesiastical province of Valencia in Spain.
The Diocese of Sigüenza-Guadalajara is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the cities of Sigüenza and Guadalajara, Spain in the ecclesiastical province of Toledo in Spain. It is in the located in the secular Spanish province of Guadalajara in Castile, central Spain. It is bounded on the north by Soria, on the east by Zaragoza and Teruel, on the south by Cuenca and on the west by Guadalajara and Segovia.
The Diocese of Ávila is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Ávila in the ecclesiastical province of Valladolid in Spain.
The Diocese of Segovia is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Segovia in the ecclesiastical province of Valladolid in Spain.
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ayacucho o Huamanga is an archdiocese located in the city of Ayacucho in Peru.
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Agra is a Latin Metropolitan archdiocese in northern India's Uttar Pradesh state. It comproses the following districts in Uttar Pradesh: Agra, Aligarh, Auraiya, Budaun, Bulandshahr, Etah, Etawah, Farrukabad, Firozabad, Gautambudha Nagar, Hathras, Kannauj, Mainpuri, Mathura and in Rajasthan: Bharatpur and Dholpur.
Bikaner State was a princely state in the Rajputana from 1465 to 1947. The founder of the state, Rao Bika, was the eldest son of Rao Jodha, ruler of Jodhpur. Rao Bika chose to build his own kingdom instead of inheriting his father's. Bika defeated the Jat clans of Jangladesh along with his uncle Rao Kandhal and his adviser Vikramji Rajpurohit and founded his own kingdom. Its capital was the city of Bikaner in the northern area of present-day Rajasthan State in India. Karni Mata has been designated as the kuldevi of the royal family of Bikaner.
The Diocese of Levello was a Roman Catholic diocese in southern Italy, located in the city of Lavello, province of Potenza, in the region of Basilicata. In 1818, it was suppressed, and its territory and members incorporated in the Diocese of Venosa.