Allophylus natalensis

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Allophylus natalensis
Allophylus natalensis, loof, Manie van der Schijff BT, c.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Sapindaceae
Genus: Allophylus
Species:
A. natalensis
Binomial name
Allophylus natalensis
(Sond.) De Winter

Allophylus natalensis, commonly known as the dune false crowberry [1] or dune false currant, [2] is a species of plant in the genus Allophylus native to south-eastern Africa.

Contents

Description

Allophylus natalensis is a small evergreen tree with a single stem up to 5 m (16 ft) tall, or it may develop as a bush with multiple, shorter stems. The bark is greyish-brown and may have a smooth texture or develop wrinkles. The smaller branches are greyish-white and downy. The leaves are borne on long petioles and are trifoliate, with three, almost stalkless, elliptical leaflets some 35 to 85 mm (1.4 to 3.3 in) long by 10 to 20 mm (0.4 to 0.8 in) wide. The leaflets are leathery and stiff, glossy green above, and pale green below, with shallowly toothed margins. The small fragrant flowers grow in spike-like racemes in the axils of the leaves, and are followed by abundant red, globular berries, 7 mm (0.3 in) in diameter. Flowering takes place in autumn between March and May and the berries ripen in late winter, between June and August. [1] [2]

Distribution and habitat

This tree is native to the Eastern Cape Province and KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa and to southern Mozambique. [3] Its natural habitat is coastal dune forest and scrub, [2] where it often grows in association with Mimusops afra , Apodytes dimidiata and Canthium obovatum . [4]

Ecology

Charaxes varanes vologeses Charaxes varanes vologeses (Male).jpg
Charaxes varanes vologeses

The flowers are pollinated by butterflies and the berries are appreciated by both birds, which disperse the seeds, and humans. The larvae of the pearl emperor butterfly (Charaxes varanes subsp. vologeses) feed on the foliage, [1] and the larvae of Corethrovalva goniosema , a moth in the family Gracillariidae, mine the leaves, as do the larvae of Stigmella allophylica , a moth in the family Nepticulidae. [5]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Albizia adianthifolia</i> Species of legume

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Stigmella sorbi is a moth of the family Nepticulidae, described by Henry Tibbats Stainton in 1861. It is found in most of Europe, east to the eastern part of the Palearctic realm.

<i>Stigmella crataegella</i> Species of moth

Stigmella crataegella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae found in Europe. It was described by the Austrian entomologist Josef Wilhelm Klimesch in 1936. The larvae mine the leaves of hawthorns.

<i>Stigmella perpygmaeella</i> Species of moth

Stigmella perpygmaeella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae, found in most of Europe, east to Russia. The larvae mine the leaves of hawthorns.

<i>Isoglossa woodii</i> Species of shrub

Isoglossa woodii, commonly known as buckweed, is a monocarpic shrub of the family Acanthaceae, growing up to 4 m tall. It grows in colonies in coastal forest areas of KwaZulu-Natal and marginally into Eastern Cape and Free State of South Africa.

<i>Millettia grandis</i> Species of legume

Millettia grandis is a species of plant in the family Fabaceae from South Africa. It is commonly called umzimbeet which is a name derived from the isiZulu name umSimbithwa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KwaZulu-Natal Dune Forest</span> Subtropical forest type from the coastal dunes of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

KwaZulu-Natal Dune Forest is a subtropical forest type that was once found almost continuously along the coastal dunes of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. This vegetation type develops in sheltered areas behind the littoral zone, where with some protection from the salt wind it may develop with canopies as tall as 30 m. It still exists in protected areas, but much has been degraded by human activity. Coastal dune forest covers approximately 1% of the land area of KwaZulu-Natal, and is a habitat type seriously threatened from human population pressure and development, particularly titanium mining.

<i>Dracaena aletriformis</i> Species of flowering plant

Dracaena aletriformis is commonly known as the large-leaved dragon tree. These plants are found in forest in the eastern areas of South Africa from Port Elizabeth to northern and eastern Limpopo. They are also found in Eswatini, but are most common in the coastal and dune forests of KwaZulu-Natal.

<i>Deinbollia oblongifolia</i> Species of tree

Deinbollia oblongifolia is a shrub or small tree in the family Sapindaceae. It is commonly known as the dune soap-berry and is found in coastal vegetation from the Eastern Cape of South Africa, through KwaZulu-Natal to southern Mozambique and Eswatini. It is named after Peter Vogelius Deinboll (1783–1876), a Danish botanist and plant collector.

<i>Stigmella fulva</i> Species of moth endemic to New Zealand

Stigmella fulva is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the North Island around Mount Taranaki, in the South Island and at Stewart Island. The species' eggs are laid singly but a considerable number may be deposited on the upper surface of one leaf. The incubation period can last from a week to a month depending on climatic conditions. The larvae mine the leaves of their host plants which are all in the genus Olearia. Larvae have been recorded in all months except January, February and June. The cocoon is brown and spun amongst the leaf litter under its host plant. The pupal period has been shown to range from 21 days to 79 days, again depending on climatic conditions. Adults have been observed on the wing January until March and August to December. They are active in the sun about their larval food plant.

<i>Stigmella hoheriae</i> Species of moth

Stigmella hoheriae is a species of moth of the family Nepticulidae. This day flying moth is found in New Zealand in both the North and South Islands. It inhabits native forest. Eggs are laid on the surface of a still growing leaf of a host plant. Larvae feed on Hoheria species such as Hoheria glabrata, Hoheria populnea, Hoheria sexstylosa and Hoheria angustifolia and have been recorded from February to August. The larvae of S. hoheriae are leaf miners. Their mines create blotches on the host plant leaves. S. hoheriae larvae pupate in a silk cocoon on the ground at the base of their food plant. Adult moths have been observed on the wing in February and from July to December. This species is rarely noticed as it is very small and as a result does not tend to attract attention when on the wing.

<i>Stigmella sophorae</i> Species of moth

Stigmella sophorae is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in New Zealand.

<i>Sclerocroton integerrimus</i> Species of tree

Sclerocroton integerrimus, the duiker berry, is a tree in the family Euphorbiaceae, from Southern Africa.

Stigmella allophylica is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It was described by Scoble in 1978. It is found in South Africa.

<i>Allophylus cobbe</i> Species of plant in the family Sapindaceae

Allophylus cobbe, commonly known as titberry or Indian allophylus, is a pantropical, shrub in the family Sapindaceae with many uses in traditional medicine. It has a highly variable morphology throughout its range and may prove to be more than one species.

<i>Erianthemum dregei</i> Species of mistletoe

Erianthemum dregei is a species of parasitic plant in the family Loranthaceae, and is commonly known as the hairy mistletoe or wood flower.

<i>Euclea crispa</i> Species of tree

Euclea crispa, commonly known as the blue guarri, is an Afrotropical plant species of the family Ebenaceae. The hardy and evergreen plants may form a dense stand of shrubs, or grow to tree size. It is widespread and common in the interior regions of southern Africa, and occurs northward to the tropics. Though some are present near the South African south and east coasts, they generally occur at middle to high altitudes. It is readily recognizable from its much-branched structure and dull bluish foliage colour. Those bearing lanceolate leaves may however resemble the Wild olive, another common species of the interior plateaus.

<i>Encephalartos natalensis</i> Species of cycad

Encephalartos natalensis, the Natal cycad or giant cycad, is a species of cycad that is endemic to the Qumbu and Tabankulu areas of the northern part of the Eastern Cape, and through most of KwaZulu-Natal. The number of mature individuals of this species is declining and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being "near threatened".

<i>Allophylus decipiens</i> Species of flowering plant

Allophylus decipiens (E.Mey.) Radlk., commonly known as the bastard taaibos, is a multi- or single-stemmed, small, evergreen tree about 3–4 m in height occurring in coastal forest, fringe forest and thickets, and wooded ravines and streams. Found up to 800 m in the southern coastal regions of the Cape Province, KwaZulu-Natal, Eswatini, along the escarpment forest of Mpumalanga, including Soutpansberg and in Mozambique. There are some 219 species in the genus of Allophylus.

References

  1. 1 2 3 van Wyk, Braam (2013). Field Guide to Trees of Southern Africa. Penguin Random House South Africa. pp. 3017–3020. ISBN   978-1-77584-104-3.
  2. 1 2 3 "Allophylus natalensis (Sond.) De Winter". PlantZAfrica.com. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
  3. Allophylus natalensis (Sond.) De Winter. Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  4. Moll, E.J. (1972). "A Preliminary Account of the Dune Communities at Pennington Park, Mtunzini, Natal". Bothalia. 10 (4): 615–626. doi: 10.4102/abc.v10i4.1571 .
  5. "Stigmella allophylica Scoble, 1978". Nepticulidae and Opostegidae of the world. Nepticuloidea.info. Archived from the original on 30 March 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2019.