Amauropelta

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Amauropelta
Amauropelta globulifera (6529373009).jpg
Amauropelta globulifera in Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii Island
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Aspleniineae
Family: Thelypteridaceae
Subfamily: Thelypteridoideae
Genus: Amauropelta
Kunze [1]
Species

See text.

Synonyms [1]
  • Thelypteris subg. Amauropelta(Kunze) A.R.Sm.
  • OochlamysFée

Amauropelta is a monophyletic genus of fern, the largest in the Thelypteridaceae family, with 233 species. [2] [3] [4] The center of diversity of the genus is in the Neotropics, but the earliest-diverging lineages are from the Old World.

The genus Amauropelta is very similar morphologically to the other two genera of the amaropeltoid clade, Coryphopteris and Metathelypteris, differing from the first in the lack of sessile, resinous, reddish glands on the lamina between veins (except in the A. resinifera group) and from the second by the veins running to the margins.

Within the Thelypteridaceae in the Neotropics it is easily recognised by the pairs of gradually reduced proximal pinnae, which vary from few to many, depending on the species, and the veins usually prominent abaxially and adaxially, with the lowermost pair from adjacent segments running to the margin just above the sinus between adjacent lobes, rarely (in A. linkiana) running to the sinus, and never united to form excurrent veins that run to sinuses; the veins end at the pinna margins.

Outside of the amauropeltoid clade and in the Old World region, Amauropelta spp. are similar to the more distantly related Pseudocyclosorus, which also has free veins and many pairs of gradually reduced proximal pinnae.

Amauropelta is subdivided into four subgenera: Amauropelta, Parathelypteris, Nibaa and Venus.

Subgenera

Subgenus Amauropelta S.E. Fawc. & A.R. Sm

Amauropelta subgenus Amauropelta is the largest with 223 species (listed below) and can be distinguished from others by monoploid chromosome number x = 29 and rhizomes typically erect.

Subgenus Nibaa S.E. Fawc. & A.R. Sm

Amauropelta subgenus Nibaa is composed of two species (listed below) and can be distinguished from others by glands yellow to colorless (vs. amber resinous orange-yellow to reddish), x = 31.

Subgenus Parathelypteris S.E. Fawc. & A.R. Sm

Amauropelta subgenus Parathelypteris is composed of six species (listed below) and can be distinguished from others by proximal pinnae typically abruptly or little reduced and by the biogeographical distribution (East Asia), x = 27 or 31.

Subgenus Venus S.E. Fawc. & A.R. Sm

Amauropelta subgenus Venus is composed of two species (listed below), x = 31.

References

  1. 1 2 Hassler, Michael & Schmitt, Bernd (January 2020), "Amauropelta", Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World, 8.20, archived from the original on 2017-09-02, retrieved 2020-01-10
  2. ↑ Almeida, Thaís Elias; Hennequin, Sabine; Schneider, Harald; Smith, Alan R.; Batista, João Aguiar Nogueira; Ramalho, Aline Joseph; Proite, Karina; Salino, Alexandre (1 January 2016). "Towards a phylogenetic generic classification of Thelypteridaceae: Additional sampling suggests alterations of neotropical taxa and further study of paleotropical genera" . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 94 (Pt B): 688–700. Bibcode:2016MolPE..94..688A. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.009. ISSN   1055-7903. PMID   26400101.
  3. ↑ Salino, Alexandre; Almeida, Thais; Smith, Alan (2 December 2015). "New combinations in Neotropical Thelypteridaceae". PhytoKeys (57): 11–50. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.57.5641 . ISSN   1314-2003. PMC   4698513 . PMID   26752025.
  4. ↑ Fawcett, S. & A.R. Smith. 2021. A generic classification of the Thelypteridaceae. Sida, Bot. Misc. 59. BRIT Press, Fort Worth Botanic Garden | Botanical Research Institute of Texas, U.S.A.
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