Aspleniineae

Aspleniineae Temporal range: Kimmeridgian–Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N [1]
Asplenium adiantum-nigrum , the black spleenwort
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Division:	Polypodiophyta
Class:	Polypodiopsida
Order:	Polypodiales
Suborder:	Aspleniineae H.Schneid. & C.J.Rothf. [2]
Families [2]
Aspleniaceae Newman Athyriaceae Alston Blechnaceae Newman Cystopteridaceae Shmakov Desmophlebiaceae Mynssen Diplaziopsidaceae X.C.Zhang & Christenh. Hemidictyaceae Christenh. & H.Schneid. Onocleaceae Pic.Serm. Rhachidosoraceae X.C.Zhang Thelypteridaceae Ching ex Pic.Serm. Woodsiaceae Herter
Synonyms
Blechnales Pic.Serm. ex Reveal

Aspleniineae is a suborder of ferns in the order Polypodiales. It is equivalent to the clade eupolypods II in earlier systems; ^{[2] [3]} it is also treated as a single very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae. ^[4] The suborder generally corresponds with the order Blechnales as described by J. L. Reveal in 1993. ^[5] Aspleniineae includes some important ferns, including Onoclea sensibilis , the sensitive fern, which grows as a virtual weed throughout much of its temperate North American range, and ferns of the genus Thelypteris , a genus that has shown remarkable speciation. It also includes one of the more common horticultural ferns, Matteuccia struthiopteris , the ostrich fern.

Taxonomy

In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the group is treated as the suborder Aspleniinae, and divided into 11 families. ^[2] Alternatively, it may be treated as a single, very broadly circumscribed family Aspleniaceae sensu lato , which is then divided into subfamilies. ^[4] The relationship between the two approaches is shown in the table below.

PPG I [2]	Christenhusz & Chase (2014) [4]
Suborder Aspleniineae H.Schneid. & C.J.Rothf	Family Aspleniaceae Newman
Family Cystopteridaceae Shmakov	Subfamily Cystopteridoideae Ching & Z.R.Wang
Family Rhachidosoraceae X.C.Zhang	Subfamily Rhachidosoroideae M.L.Wang & Y.T.Hsieh
Family Diplaziopsidaceae X.C.Zhang & Christenh.	Subfamily Diplaziopsidoideae Christenh.
Family Desmophlebiaceae Mynssen	(The only genus was described after 2014.)
Family Hemidictyaceae Christenh. & H.Schneid.	Subfamily Asplenioideae Link
Family Aspleniaceae Newman
Family Woodsiaceae Herter	Subfamily Woodsioideae Schmakov
Family Onocleaceae Pic.Serm.	Subfamily Blechnoideae Hook.
Family Blechnaceae Newman
Family Athyriaceae Alston	Subfamily Athyrioideae B.K.Nayar
Family Thelypteridaceae Ching ex Pic.Serm.	Subfamily Thelypteridoideae C.F.Reed

Phylogenic relationships

The following diagram shows a likely phylogenic relationship between the families of Aspleniineae (as eupolypods II), based on Lehtonen (2011), ^[6] and Rothfels & al. (2012). ^[7]

Aspleniineae	Cystopteridaceae Rhachidosoraceae Diplaziopsidaceae Aspleniaceae Hemidictyaceae Thelypteridaceae Woodsiaceae Onocleaceae Blechnaceae Athyriaceae
(eupolypods II)

References

1. Van Konijnenburg-Van Cittert, J. H. A.; Van Der Burgh, J. (1989-10-13). "The flora from the Kimmeridgian (upper jurassic) of Culgower, Sutherland, Scotland" . Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 61 (1): 1–51. doi:10.1016/0034-6667(89)90060-2. ISSN   0034-6667.
2. PPG I (2016). "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 54 (6): 563–603. doi: 10.1111/jse.12229 . S2CID   39980610.
3. Alan R. Smith; Kathleen M. Pryer; Eric Schuettpelz; Petra Korall; Harald Schneider; Paul G. Wolf (2006). "A classification for extant ferns" (PDF). Taxon. 55 (3): 705–731. doi:10.2307/25065646. JSTOR   25065646. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-26.
4. Christenhusz, Maarten J.M. & Chase, Mark W. (2014). "Trends and concepts in fern classification". Annals of Botany. 113 (9): 571–594. doi:10.1093/aob/mct299. PMC   3936591 . PMID   24532607.
5. Rodolfo Emilio Giuseppe Pichi-Sermolli ex J. L. Reveal in Phytologia 74:175. 1993.
6. Samuli Lehtonen (2011). "Towards Resolving the Complete Fern Tree of Life" (PDF). PLOS ONE. 6 (10) e24851. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...624851L. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024851 . PMC   3192703 . PMID   22022365. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-08-08. Retrieved 2012-02-29.
7. Carl J. Rothfels; Anders Larsson; Li-Yaung Kuo; Petra Korall; Wen- Liang Chiou; Kathleen M. Pryer (2012). "Overcoming Deep Roots, Fast Rates, and Short Internodes to Resolve the Ancient Rapid Radiation of Eupolypod II Ferns". Systematic Biology. 61 (1): 490–509. doi: 10.1093/sysbio/sys001 . PMID   22223449.