Ammonia (foraminifera)

Ammonia
Ammonia tepida
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Clade:	Sar
Clade:	Rhizaria
Phylum:	Retaria
Subphylum:	Foraminifera
Class:	Globothalamea
Order:	Rotaliida
Family:	Ammoniidae
Subfamily:	Ammoniinae
Genus:	Ammonia Brünnich, 1772
Type species
Nautilus beccarii Linnaeus, 1758
Species [1]
Ammonia aberdoveyensis Haynes, 1973 Ammonia abramovichae Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia advena (Cushman, 1922) Ammonia akitaae Hayward, Frenzel & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia aoteana (Finlay, 1940) Ammonia arabica Kaushik, 2021 Ammonia ariakensis Akimoto, 2002 Ammonia batava (Hofker, 1951) Ammonia beccarii (Linnaeus, 1758) Ammonia bellaria Schönfeld, Beccari, Schmidt & Spezzaferri, 2021 Ammonia bradyi (Billman, Hottinger & Oesterle, 1980) Ammonia buzasi Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia caspica Shchedrina in Mayer, 1968 Ammonia collinsi (Parr, 1932) Ammonia confertitesta Zheng, 1978 Ammonia convexa (Collins, 1958) Ammonia convexidorsa Zheng, 1978 Ammonia corallinarum (d'Orbigny in Deshayes, 1832) Ammonia debenayi Hayward & Holzmann, 2019 Ammonia decorata Golik, 1977 Ammonia differens McCulloch, 1977 Ammonia dilucida Shchedrina, 1984 Ammonia fajemilai Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia falsobeccarii (Rouvillois, 1974) Ammonia glans Shchedrina, 1984 Ammonia goldsteinae Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia goodayi Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia haigi Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia hattai Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia heterogenea (Shchedrina, 1984) Ammonia irridescens (Arnal, 1958) Ammonia jacksoni Buzas, Smith & Beem, 1977 Ammonia japonica (Hada, 1931) Ammonia jorisseni Hayward, Holzmann & Renjaan, 2021 Ammonia justinparkeri Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia karadagica (Dolgopolskaya & Pauli, 1931) Ammonia ketienziensis (Ishizaki, 1943) Ammonia kitazatoi Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia morleyae Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia moroensis Hofker, 1978 Ammonia neobeccarii Shchedrina & Mayer, 1975 Ammonia parasovica Shchedrina & Mayer, 1975 Ammonia parkinsoniana (d'Orbigny, 1839) Ammonia pauciloculata (Phleger & Parker, 1951) Ammonia paucipora Zheng, 1979 Ammonia pawlowskii Hayward & Holzmann, 2019 Ammonia rolshauseni (Cushman & Bermúdez, 1946) Ammonia rugulosa Parker, 2009 Ammonia shchedrinae Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia sobrina (Shupack, 1934) Ammonia tepida (Cushman, 1926) Ammonia turgida (Hofker, 1951) Ammonia venecpeyreae Hayward & Holzmann, 2019 Ammonia veneta (Schultze, 1854)
Synonyms [1]
ChallengerellaBillman, Hottinger & Oesterle, 1980 HammoniaSoldani, 1789 PseudoheleninaCollins, 1974 RolshauseniaBermúdez, 1952 Rotalia (Turbinuline) StrebloidesBermúdez & Seiglie, 1963 StreblusFischer de Waldheim, 1817 TurbinulinaRisso, 1826

Ammonia beccarii, showing characteristic coiled shell

Ammonia is a genus of marine foraminifers. It is one of the most abundant foraminifer genera worldwide and is found in sheltered, shallow marine intertidal environments, sometimes in brackish waters. ^[2]

Species

The classification of the genus Ammonia in species is controversial. While several different forms exist, many authors consider the genus to consist of a single species, Ammonia beccarii, with many ecophenotypes. However, recent molecular studies revealed that the genus consists of many species, although they may be difficult to discriminate based on morphology. ^[3]

Based on a comparison between molecular results and morphology, the following species appear to be valid:

• Ammonia aberdoveyensis Haynes, 1973
• Ammonia aomoriensis (Asano, 1951)
• Ammonia aoteana (Finlay, 1940)
• Ammonia batava (Hofker, 1951)
• Ammonia beccarii (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ammonia convexa (Collins, 1958)
• Ammonia irridescens (Arnal, 1958) (maybe a synonym of A. tepida)
• Ammonia limnetes (Todd & Bronnimann, 1957)
• Ammonia sobrina (Shupack, 1934)
• Ammonia tepida (Cushman, 1926)

Additionally, several other molecular types have been discovered that do not match any of the described species and thus possibly represent new taxa. ^[3]

References

1. Hayward, B.W.; Le Coze, F.; Vachard, D.; Gross, O. (2024). World Foraminifera Database. Ammonia Brünnich, 1771. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=112078 on 16 June 2024
2. Walton, W. R.; Sloan, B. J. (1990). "The genus Ammonia Bruennich, 1772; its geographic distribution and morphologic variability". The Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 20 (2): 128–156. Bibcode:1990JForR..20..128W. doi:10.2113/gsjfr.20.2.128. ISSN   0096-1191.
3. Hayward, Bruce W.; Holzmann, Maria; Grenfell, Hugh R.; Pawlowski, Jan; Triggs, Chris M. (2004). "Morphological distinction of molecular types in Ammonia – towards a taxonomic revision of the world's most commonly misidentified foraminifera". Marine Micropaleontology. 50 (3–4): 237–271. Bibcode:2004MarMP..50..237H. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(03)00074-4. ISSN   0377-8398.