Annandale Plantation (Millbrook) | |
Location | 14 miles (23 km) south of Georgetown, between South Carolina Highways 18 and 30, in Georgetown County, South Carolina. |
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Coordinates | 33°13′01″N79°18′10″W / 33.21694°N 79.30278°W |
Area | 14 acres (5.7 ha) |
Built | c. 1833 | , c. 1880, 1966
Built by | Johnstone, Andrew |
Architectural style | Greek Revival |
NRHP reference No. | 73001709 [1] |
Added to NRHP | October 25, 1973 |
Annandale Plantation, originally known as Millbrook, is a historic plantation house located near Georgetown, in Georgetown County, South Carolina.
First called Millbrook, the Annandale plantation was developed beginning in the 1790s by Andrew Johnston, son of a planter in the county.
The main house was built by his grandson and namesake Andrew Johnston (1805-1864) about 1833. He changed the spelling of his surname to "Johnstone" and renamed the plantation as Annandale, honoring their ancestral birthplace in Scotland. [2]
The house is a two-story, Greek Revival style residence. It has a Tuscan order- inspired portico. its most notable architectural features are the details around the windows. A rear addition was added about 1880, and well-integrated into the design. A north wing was added in 1966. [2]
George Alfred Trenholm bought the property in 1863; he served as Treasurer of the Confederate States of America (June 18, 1864 – April 7, 1865). He also served in the state legislature. His son-in-law sold the plantation in 1898 to the Santee Rice Company. It sold the property to Wayne Darlington in 1911. In 1919 after World War I, the Reeves family of North Carolina bought it, and were still owners in 1973, when the property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. They renovated it. [2]
The Annandale property includes two outbuildings, of the many that would have originally served the plantation. A single surviving slave cabin, likely used by African-American workers after emancipation, has been converted into a recreation building. The plantation doctor's house is used as a private residence. [2]
The plantation was the site of the first tide-operated rice mill (c. 1792) constructed in the state. This was an innovation developed by Jonathan Lucas. [2] [3] During the 1850s, this was one of the most prosperous rice plantations in the state, where the owner worked 230 slaves. They produced 900,000 pounds of rice annually. [2]
In 1955, the owners of Annadale successfully sued the South Carolina Public Service Authority for inverse condemnation after the construction of a dam on the Santee River resulted in damage to the property. [4] The case eventually ended up in the South Carolina Supreme Court. [4] The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. [1]
The Charles Pinckney National Historic Site is a unit of the United States National Park Service, preserving a portion of Charles Pinckney's Snee Farm plantation and country retreat. The site is located at 1254 Long Point Road, Mount Pleasant, South Carolina. Pinckney (1757-1824) was a member of a prominent political family in South Carolina. He fought in the American Revolutionary War, was held for a period as prisoner in the North, and returned to the state in 1783. Pinckney, a Founding Father of the United States, served as a delegate to the constitutional convention where he contributed to drafting the United States Constitution.
Auldbrass Plantation or Auldbrass is located in Beaufort County, South Carolina, near the town of Yemassee. The guest house, stable complex and kennels were designed and built by Frank Lloyd Wright from 1939 to 1941. It is one of two structures that Wright designed in South Carolina. The property was purchased in the 1930s by Charles Leigh Stevens. Wright designed the plantation to serve as a retreat for Stevens. During Stevens' retreats he would use the property for riding and hunting excursions.
Mansfield Plantation is a well-preserved antebellum rice plantation, established in 1718 on the banks of the Black River in historic Georgetown County, South Carolina.
Walnut Grove Plantation, the home of Charles and Mary Moore, was built in 1765 on a land grant given by King George III. The property is located in Roebuck in Spartanburg, South Carolina. Charles Moore was a school teacher and used the 3,000-acre (12 km2) plantation as a farm. The Moores had ten children, and some of their descendants still live within the area.
Borough House Plantation, also known as Borough House, Hillcrest Plantation and Anderson Place, is an historic plantation on South Carolina Highway 261, 0.8 miles (1.3 km) north of its intersection with U.S. Route 76/US Route 378 in Stateburg, in the High Hills of Santee near Sumter, South Carolina. A National Historic Landmark, the plantation is noted as the largest assemblage of high-style pisé structures in the United States. The main house and six buildings on the plantation were built using this technique, beginning in 1821. The plantation is also notable as the home of Confederate Army General Richard H. Anderson.
Hopsewee Plantation, also known as the Thomas Lynch, Jr., Birthplace or Hopsewee-on-the-Santee, is a plantation house built in 1735 near Georgetown, South Carolina. It was the birthplace of Thomas Lynch, Jr., a Founding Father who was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and served as a Lowcountry rice plantation. Before he departed for his ill-fated voyage he made a will, which stipulated that heirs of his female relatives must change their surname to Lynch in order to inherit the family estate, a rice plantation. He was taken ill at the end of 1779 and he sailed, with his wife, for St. Eustatius in the West Indies. Their ship disappeared at sea in a storm and was never found. The family estate, Hopsewee, still stands in South Carolina. The Lynch family sold the house in 1752 to Robert Hume whose son, John Hume, lived at Hopsewee in the winter after inheriting it. Upon his death in 1841, his own son, John Hume Lucas, inherited the house. John Hume Lucas died in 1853. Like many Santee plantations, it was abandoned during the Civil War. After the war, rice was never planted again, but the Lucas family continued to occupy Hopsewee until 1925. In September 1949, Col. and Mrs. Wilkinson bought the house and occupied it.
Hampton Plantation, also known as Hampton Plantation House and Hampton Plantation State Historic Site, is a historic plantation, now a state historic site, north of McClellanville, South Carolina. The plantation was established in 1735, and its main house exhibits one of the earliest known examples in the United States of a temple front in domestic architecture. It is also one of the state's finest examples of a wood frame Georgian plantation house. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1970.
The Gov. William Aiken House was built in 1820 at 48 Elizabeth Street, in the Wraggborough neighborhood of Charleston, South Carolina. Despite being known for its association with Gov. William Aiken, the house was built by John Robinson after he bought several lots in Mazyck-Wraggborough in 1817. His house was originally configured as a Charleston double house with entrance to the house from the south side along Judith Street. The house is considered to be the best preserved complex of antebellum domestic structures in Charleston. It was the home of William Aiken, Jr., a governor of South Carolina, and before that the home of his father, the owner of South Carolina Canal and Railroad Company, William Aiken.
Harrieta Plantation is a plantation about 5 mi (8 km) east of McClellanville in Charleston County, South Carolina. It is located off US Highway 17 near the Santee River, adjacent to the Wedge Plantation and just south of Fairfield Plantation. The plantation house was built around 1807 and was named to the National Register of Historic Places on September 18, 1975.
The Chicora Wood Plantation is a former rice plantation in Georgetown County, South Carolina. The plantation itself was established sometime between 1732 and 1736 and the 1819 plantation house still exists today. In 1827, Robert Francis Withers Allston (1801–1864) resigned as surveyor-general of South Carolina to take over full-time management of Chicora Wood, which he had inherited from his father. Chicora Wood served as a home base for his network of rice plantations, which produced 840,000 pounds of rice in 1850 and 1,500,000 pounds by 1860. 401 slaves worked the plantation in 1850, increasing to 630 by 1860.
Prospect Hill is an historic plantation house on Edisto Island, South Carolina. The two-story Federal house is significant for its architecture and ties to the production of sea island cotton. Constructed about 1800 for Ephraim Baynard, it sits on a bluff overlooking the South Edisto River. In 1860, William Grimball Baynard owned Prospect Hill. Baynard was an elder in the Edisto Island Presbyterian Church, a Justice of the Peace, a Justice of the Quorum, and the owner of 220 slaves. When Baynard died in 1861, his son William G. Baynard acquired the house. The house was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on 28 November 1986.
Sams Plantation Complex Tabby Ruins is a historic plantation complex and archaeological site located at Frogmore, Beaufort County, South Carolina. The site, possibly built upon and occupied well before 1783. It includes the ruins and/or archaeological remains of at least 12 tabby structures. They include the main plantation house, a rectangular enclosure consisting of tabby walls, a large tabby kitchen, and five tabby slave quarters. Also on the property were a variety of tabby dependencies including a barn/stable, a smoke house or blade house, a well/dairy house, and a well. The property also includes the Sams family cemetery and Episcopal chapel enclosed by high tabby walls. Other structures include possibly an overseer's house, a granary/mill, and a tabby cotton house. During and subsequent to the American Civil War the Sams Tabby Complex was occupied by freedman. Following the Civil War the plantation house was destroyed by hurricanes.
Lewisfield Plantation is a historic plantation house located near Moncks Corner, Berkeley County, South Carolina. It was built about 1774, and is a 2 1/2-half story clapboard dwelling. It is supported by a high brick foundation that encloses a raised basement. It has a five bay wide verandah supported by six slender Doric order columns. Records show over 100 slaves were held in bondage on the plantation as of 1835.
Arcadia Plantation, originally known as Prospect Hill Plantation, is a historic plantation house located near Georgetown, Georgetown County, South Carolina. The main portion of the house was built about 1794, as a two-story clapboard structure set upon a raised brick basement in the late-Georgian style. In 1906 Captain Isaac Edward Emerson, the "Bromo-Seltzer King" from Baltimore, purchased the property. Two flanking wings were added in the early 20th century. A series of terraced gardens extend from the front of the house toward the Waccamaw River. Also on the property is a large two-story guest house, tennis courts, a bowling alley, stables, five tenant houses and a frame church. The property also contains two cemeteries and other plantation-related outbuildings.
Beneventum Plantation House, originally known as Prospect Hill Plantation, is a historic plantation house located near Georgetown, Georgetown County, South Carolina. It was built about 1750, and is a two-story, five bay, Georgian style house. It features a one-story portico across the center two-thirds of the façade. The rear half of the house was added about 1800, with further rear additions made probably early-20th century. It was the home of Christopher Gadsden, a prominent statesmen and soldier of the American Revolution, the originator of the “Don’t Tread on Me” flag, and Federalist Party leader in the early national period.
Milldam Rice Mill and Rice Barn, also known as Kinloch Plantation, is a historic rice plantation property and national historic district located near Georgetown, Georgetown County, South Carolina. The district encompasses 1 contributing building, 1 contributing site, and 3 contributing structures. This rice mill and rice barn are associated with Milldam, one of several productive rice plantations on the Santee River. Agricultural features include examples of historic ricefields, including canals, dikes and trunks. The Rice Barn was destroyed by Hurricane Hugo in 1989.
Pee Dee River Rice Planters Historic District is a set of historic rice plantation properties and national historic district located near Georgetown, Georgetown County, South Carolina.
Georgetown Historic District is a national historic district located at Georgetown, Georgetown County, South Carolina. The district encompasses 49 contributing buildings in the central business district of Georgetown. The oldest existing structure in Georgetown is a dwelling which dates from about 1737. There are approximately 28 additional 18th century structures as well as 18 buildings erected during the 19th century prior to the American Civil War. The existing structures—homes, churches, public buildings—are of both historical and architectural significance and are situated on heavily shaded, wide streets. The architecture ranges from the simplicity of early colonial, or Georgian, to the elaborate rice plantation era, such as Classical Revival. Notable buildings include the Georgetown County Courthouse, U.S. Post Office, The Rice Museum, Winyah Indigo Society Hall, Masonic Lodge, Antipedo Baptist Church Cemetery, Prince George Winyah Episcopal Church complex, St. Mary's Catholic Church, Kaminski Building, Mary Man House, Dr. Charles Fyffe / Middleton House, John Cleland / Allston House, Samuel Sampson / Henning-Ward House, Robert Stewart / George Pawley House, Martha Allston Pyatt /John S. Pyatt House, Eleazar Waterman / Withers House, and William Waties / Withers House.
Wicklow Hall Plantation is a historic plantation complex located near Georgetown, Georgetown County, South Carolina. The complex includes the plantation house and several dependencies. The Wicklow Hall Plantation House is a two-story, Greek Revival style clapboard structure on a low brick foundation. The main portion of the structure was probably built between about 1831 and 1840 and enlarged by additions after 1912. Also on the property are a kitchen, corn crib, carriage house, a small house, stable, privy, and a schoolhouse. Wicklow was a major rice plantation during the mid-1800s, and associated with the prominent Lowndes family of South Carolina.
Kensington Plantation House is a historic plantation house located near Eastover, Richland County, South Carolina. It was built between 1851 and 1853, by Colonel Richard Singleton, a brother of Angelica Singleton Van Buren, daughter-in-law of President Martin Van Buren. The wood frame dwelling consists of a 2+1⁄2-story, central section with a Second Empire style copper covered dome, flanked by lower wings with arched colonnades. The front entrance features a porte-cochere with Corinthian order arches and pilasters.