Anton Mader

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Anton Mader
Born(1913-01-07)7 January 1913
Kaštel Novi, Kingdom of Dalmatia, Austria-Hungary
Died19 February 1984(1984-02-19) (aged 71)
Vienna, Austria
AllegianceFlag of Germany (1935-1945).svg  Nazi Germany
Flag of Austria.svg Austria
Service / branchWar ensign of Germany (1938-1945).svg  Luftwaffe
Flag of Austria (state).svg  Austrian Air Force
Years of service1933–1945
1955–1973
Rank Oberstleutnant (Wehrmacht)
Brigadier (Bundesheer)
CommandsII./JG 77, JG 11, JG 54
Battles / wars World War II
Awards Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
Grand Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria

Anton Mader (7 January 1913 – 19 February 1984) was a German pilot during World War II. He claimed 86 victories and was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. He commanded the fighter wing Jagdgeschwader 54 in 1944.

Contents

Early life and career

Mader was born on 7 January 1913 in Castelnuovo, at the time in the Kingdom of Dalmatia of Austria-Hungary, present-day Kaštel Novi in Dalmatia, Croatia. [1] He was the son of an Imperial and Royal Kapellmeister , a leader of a musical ensemble, who later served in the Austrian Armed Forces. [2]

In 1933, Mader was conscripted into the Austrian Armed Forces serving with Alpenjägerregiment 10, the 10th Alpine Mountain Regiment. He then attended the military academy at Enns and the Theresian Military Academy at Wiener Neustadt. Promoted to Leutnant (second lieutenant), he was transferred to Fliegerregiment 2, the 2nd Flight Regiment of the Austrian Air Force. Following the Anschluss in March 1938, the forced incorporation of Austria into Nazi Germany, Mader was transferred to the Luftwaffe (the Nazi German Air Force) holding the rank of Oberleutnant (first lieutenant). [2] On 1 April, a newly formed I. Gruppe (1st group) of Jagdgeschwader 138 (JG 138—138th Fighter Wing) stationed in Wien-Aspern also referred to as the "Wiener-Jagdgruppe" ("Vienna fighter group") was created, largely staffed with former Austrian Air Force personnel. There, Mader was made Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 3. Staffel (3rd squadron) of JG 138. On 1 May 1939, his unit I. Gruppe of JG 138 was re-designated and became I. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 76 (JG 76—76th Fighter Wing). Initially equipped with the Fiat CR.32, 3. Staffel received the Messerschmitt Bf 109  B. The Gruppe was reequipped with the Bf 109 E-1 and E-3 in 1939. That year, command of 3. Staffel transferred to Oberleutnant Franz Eckerle. [3]

World War II

World War II in Europe began on Friday 1 September 1939 when German forces invaded Poland. In preparation of the invasion, I. Gruppe of JG 76 had been moved to an airfield at Stubendorf, present-day Izbicko in Poland, on 17 August 1939 and supported the German advance on the central and southern sectors of the front. [4]

On 24 September 1940, Mader was appointed Staffelkapitän of 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 2 "Richthofen" (JG 2—2nd Fighter Wing). He succeeded Oberleutnant Otto Bertram who was transferred. [5]

The Gruppenkommandeur of II. Gruppe of JG 77, Hauptmann Helmut Henz, was killed in action on 25 May 1941. [6] In consequence, Mader was given command of the Gruppe. [7] Command of 1. Staffel of JG 2 was given to Leutnant Ulrich Adrian. [5] In July 1941, SS-Gruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich briefly served in II. Gruppe under the command of Mader. [8]

Eastern Front

In preparation for Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, II. Gruppe was moved to Bucharest and was located in the sector of Heeresgruppe Süd (Army Group South). II. Gruppe arrived in Bucharest on 15 June. [9] Five days later, III. Gruppe moved to Roman. [10] That evening, the pilots and ground crews were briefed of the upcoming invasion of the Soviet Union, which opened the Eastern Front. [11]

Wing commander

On 1 April 1943, Mader was tasked with the formation of the newly created Jagdgeschwader 11 (JG 11—11th Fighter Wing) and became its first Geschwaderkommodore (wing commander). [12] Command of II. Gruppe of JG 77 was given to Hauptmann Siegfried Freytag who had already severed as acting commander since 7 March. [13]

On 28 January 1944, Mader succeeded Oberstleutnant Hubertus von Bonin, who had been killed in action on 15 December 1943, as Geschwaderkommodore of JG 54. [14] In the fall Mader fell ill and had to transfer command of JG 54 to Oberst Dietrich Hrabak on 1 October. [15] After hospitalization, Mader attended staff training at the Luftkriegsschule Berlin-Gatow, the air war school in Gatow. Mader was then posted to the staff of the General der Jagdflieger (General of Fighters), an office held by Oberst Gordon Gollob. In late April 1945, Mader, along with Gollob's staff, was taken prisoner of war by US forces in Austria. [16]

Later life and service

Mader was released from captivity in June 1945. He then worked as a courier for the Embassy of the United States in Vienna. In 1955, the Austrian State Treaty re-established Austria as a sovereign state. Mader joined the Austrian Air Force, referred to as the Österreichische Luftstreitkräfte, holding the rank of Oberstleutnant. He served with the Fliegerführungskommando (Air Command) and was promoted to Oberst in the general staff in 1961 and to Brigadier in 1966. [16]

Summary of career

Aerial victory claims

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Mader was credited with 86 aerial victories. [17] Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 78 aerial victory claims. This figure includes 73 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and five over the Western Allies, including three four-engined heavy bombers. [18]

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 72263". The Luftwaffe grid map (Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360 square miles (930 km2). These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 km × 4 km (1.9 mi × 2.5 mi) in size. [19]

Chronicle of aerial victories
  This and the # (hash mark) indicates those aerial victories listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock without an explicit sequence number.
  This and the ? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Balke, Bock, Mathews and Foreman.
ClaimDateTimeTypeLocationClaimDateTimeTypeLocation
– 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 2 "Richthofen" – [20]
At the Channel and over England — 26 June 1940 – 21 June 1941
124 September 194009:45Spitfireeast-southeast of London [21] 27 October 194016:57Spitfire20 km (12 mi) north of Portland [22]
– II. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 77 – [23]
Operation Barbarossa — 22 June – 5 December 1941
#2 July 194117:50 I-16 [24] #12 August 194115:27I-16 [25]
#6 July 194112:43I-16 [24] #12 August 194115:28I-16 [25]
#11 July 194117:40I-16 [24] #22 August 194109:10 Il-2 [26]
#27 July 194114:53 MiG-3 [27] #1 September 194109:37MiG-3 [28]
#12 August 194112:20 R-10 (Seversky) [25] #2 September 194109:55 R-5 [28]
According to Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock, Mader claimed two undocumented aerial victories in the timeframe 22 August to 5 September 1941. [29] These two claims are not listed by Mathews and Foreman. [20]
166 September 194114:38Il-2 [28] 2415 October 194115:20MiG-3 [30]
177 September 194116:35I-16 [28] 2517 October 194111:15I-16 [31]
188 September 194114:38Seversky [28] 2619 October 194115:06I-16 [31]
1910 September 194115:50MiG-3 [28] 2721 October 194115:20 I-5 [31]
2020 September 194111:00MiG-3 [28] 2821 October 194115:21I-5 [31]
216 October 194111:45 LaGG-3 [30] 2922 October 194111:45R-5 [31]
229 October 194113:30 V-11 (Il-2) [30] 3024 October 194115:09 I-15 [31]
2315 October 194108:35MiG-3 [30]
– II. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 77 – [32]
Eastern Front — 17 March – 30 April 1942
3119 March 194215:28I-301 (LaGG-3) [33] 3424 March 194212:58 DB-3 [33]
3222 March 194217:30I-61 (MiG-3) [33] 3527 March 194216:24I-16 [33]
3323 March 194211:53 I-153 [33]
– II. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 77 – [32]
Eastern Front — 1 May – 7 November 1942
364 June 194212:10LaGG-3 [34] 5025 August 194217:33Il-2? [Note 1] PQ 72263 [35]
60 km (37 mi) east-northeast of Tim
378 June 194216:47MiG-1PQ 35392, Sevastopol [34] 515 September 194217:17Il-2PQ 83754 [35]
55 km (34 mi) southeast of Livny
388 June 194216:49MiG-1PQ 35392, Sevastopol [34] 5211 September 194216:02Il-2PQ 92724 [36]
30 km (19 mi) northwest of Sloboda
3914 June 194214:51I-153 [37] 5315 September 194208:45LaGG-3PQ 92321 [38]
10 km (6.2 mi) north of Voronezh
4014 June 194214:52I-16 [37] 5415 September 194213:08LaGG-3PQ 92471 [38]
25 km (16 mi) southeast of Voronezh
416 August 194218:07 Douglas DB-7 PQ 82151 [39]
65 km (40 mi) northwest of Voronezh		5515 September 194217:14Il-2PQ 82432 [38]
15 km (9.3 mi) west-northwest of Voronezh
426 August 194218:09Douglas DB-7PQ 82122 [39]
65 km (40 mi) northwest of Voronezh		5616 September 194208:40? [Note 2] Douglas DB-7PQ 92372 [38]
10 km (6.2 mi) south of Voronezh
436 August 194218:11Douglas DB-7PQ 83763 [39]
65 km (40 mi) south-southwest of Yelets 		5716 September 194208:51Douglas DB-7PQ 92372 [38]
20 km (12 mi) south of Voronezh
4412 August 194209:33LaGG-3PQ 83881 [39]
50 km (31 mi) north-northwest of Voronezh		5816 September 194214:40? [Note 3] LaGG-3PQ 92381 [38]
10 km (6.2 mi) south-southeast of Voronezh
4512 August 194216:05? [Note 4] LaGG-3PQ 83833 [40]
55 km (34 mi) south-southeast of Yelets		5918 September 194217:06? [Note 5] MiG-1PQ 92294 [41]
10 km (6.2 mi) north of Voronezh
4613 August 194208:06Douglas DB-7PQ 92332 [40]
20 km (12 mi) east-northeast of Voronezh		6018 September 194217:16Il-2PQ 92312 [41]
20 km (12 mi) northwest of Voronezh
4713 August 194208:25MiG-1PQ 92321 [40]
10 km (6.2 mi) north of Voronezh		61? [Note 6] 18 September 194217:20MiG-1PQ 92311 [41]
4823 August 194214:21LaGG-3PQ 82892 [35]
20 km (12 mi) southwest of Voronezh		6222 September 194215:31MiG-1PQ 92141 [41]
25 km (16 mi) north of Voronezh
4925 August 194217:30Il-2? [Note 1] PQ 82452 [35]
15 km (9.3 mi) west-northwest of Voronezh		6331 October 194213:55Il-2PQ 92774 [42]
30 km (19 mi) west-northwest of Sloboda
– Stab of Jagdgeschwader 11 – [32]
Defense of the Reich — 1 April – 31 December 1943
6419 May 194313:23 B-17 2–3 km (1.2–1.9 mi) northeast of Arenberg [43] 6626 July 194313:21B-179 km (5.6 mi) west of Papenburg [43]
6521 May 194312:56B-17PQ 05 Ost 75/7/2 [43]
– Stab of Jagdgeschwader 54 – [44]
Eastern Front — 28 January – 30 September 1944
6725 February 194414:05LaGG-3PQ 26 Ost 70822 [45]
25 km (16 mi) southwest of Narva 		7517 July 194416:44Il-2PQ 25 Ost HR-2/3 [45]
686 March 194414:37Il-2PQ 26 Ost 88162 [45]
vicinity of Pskov 		7617 July 194416:53Il-2PQ 25 Ost HR-2/6 [45]
697 March 194414:04? [Note 7] Pe-2 PQ 25 Ost 69622 [45]
north of Dorpat 		7724 July 194416:36Il-2PQ 25 Ost TQ-6/4 [45]
707 March 194414:07? [Note 8] Pe-2PQ 25 Ost 79532 [45]
Lake Peipus 		785 August 194417:00 La-5 PQ 25 Ost JH-7/5 [45]
712 April 194416:00Il-2PQ 26 Ost 8836 [45] 797 August 194415:16Il-2PQ 25 Ost KM-7/9 [45]
723 April 194412:35Il-2PQ 25 Ost 88352 [45]
vicinity of Selo		807 August 194415:40Il-2PQ 25 Ost KN-9/1 [45]
7324 June 194419:25Il-2PQ 25 Ost 79551 [45]
vicinity of Ostrov		8115 August 194417:06Il-2PQ 25 Ost LK-7/5 [45]
7417 July 194416:43Il-2PQ 25 Ost GR-9/1 [45] 8226 August 194413:50La-5PQ 25 Ost JN-6/6 [45]

Awards

Notes

  1. 1 2 According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Petlyakov Pe-2. [32]
  2. ↑ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 08:50. [32]
  3. ↑ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 14:49. [32]
  4. ↑ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 16:08. [32]
  5. ↑ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 17:16. [32]
  6. ↑ This claim is not listed by Mathews and Foreman. [32]
  7. ↑ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 14:34. [32]
  8. ↑ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 14:37. [32]
  9. ↑ According to Scherzer on 15 July 1942. [49]

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References

Citations

  1. ↑ Obermaier 1989, p. 163.
  2. 1 2 Berger & Habisohn 2003, p. 91.
  3. ↑ Prien et al. 2000a, pp. 263–264.
  4. ↑ Prien et al. 2000a, p. 445.
  5. 1 2 Prien et al. 2002, p. 98.
  6. ↑ Prien et al. 2003a, p. 273.
  7. ↑ Prien et al. 2003b, p. 322.
  8. ↑ Page 2020, p. 72.
  9. ↑ Prien 1993, p. 628.
  10. ↑ Prien 1993, p. 630.
  11. ↑ Prien 1993, p. 632.
  12. ↑ Prien & Rodeike 1994, p. 273.
  13. ↑ Prien et al. 2011, p. 452.
  14. ↑ Weal 2001, p. 118.
  15. ↑ Prien et al. 2022, p. 306.
  16. 1 2 3 4 Berger & Habisohn 2003, p. 93.
  17. ↑ Zabecki 2014, p. 1614.
  18. ↑ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 796–798.
  19. ↑ Planquadrat.
  20. 1 2 Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 796.
  21. ↑ Prien et al. 2002, p. 102.
  22. ↑ Prien et al. 2002, p. 104.
  23. ↑ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 796–797.
  24. 1 2 3 Prien et al. 2003b, p. 325.
  25. 1 2 3 Prien et al. 2003b, p. 327.
  26. ↑ Prien et al. 2003b, p. 328.
  27. ↑ Prien et al. 2003b, p. 326.
  28. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Prien et al. 2003b, p. 329.
  29. ↑ Prien et al. 2003b, p. 332.
  30. 1 2 3 4 Prien et al. 2003b, p. 330.
  31. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Prien et al. 2003b, p. 331.
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 797.
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 Prien et al. 2005, p. 300.
  34. 1 2 3 Prien et al. 2006, p. 300.
  35. 1 2 3 4 Prien et al. 2006, p. 311.
  36. ↑ Prien et al. 2006, p. 312.
  37. 1 2 Prien et al. 2006, p. 301.
  38. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Prien et al. 2006, p. 313.
  39. 1 2 3 4 Prien et al. 2006, p. 309.
  40. 1 2 3 Prien et al. 2006, p. 310.
  41. 1 2 3 4 Prien et al. 2006, p. 314.
  42. ↑ Prien et al. 2006, p. 315.
  43. 1 2 3 Prien et al. 2008, p. 359.
  44. ↑ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 797–798.
  45. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Prien et al. 2022, p. 309.
  46. ↑ Patzwall 2008, p. 140.
  47. ↑ Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 290.
  48. ↑ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 300.
  49. ↑ Scherzer 2007, p. 522.

Bibliography

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  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2002). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 4/I—Einsatz am Kanal und über England—26.6.1940 bis 21.6.1941[The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 4/I—Action at the Channel and over England—26 June 1940 to 21 June 1941] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN   978-3-923457-63-2.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2003a). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 5—Heimatverteidigung—10. Mai 1940 bis 31 Dezember 1941—Einsatz im Mittelmeerraum—Oktober 1940 bis November 1941—Einsatz im Westen—22. Juni bis 31. Dezember 1941—Die Ergänzungsjagdgruppen—Einsatz 1941 bis zur Auflösung Anfang 1942[The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 5—Defense of the Reich—10 May 1940 to 31 December 1941—Action in the Mediterranean Theater—October 1940 to November 1941—Action in the West—22 June to 31 December 1941—The Supplementary Fighter Groups—Action from 1941 until their Breakup in Early 1942] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN   978-3-923457-68-7.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2003b). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 6/II—Unternehmen "BARBAROSSA"—Einsatz im Osten—22.6. bis 5.12.1941[The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 6/II—Operation "BARBAROSSA"—Action in the East—22 June to 5 December 1941] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN   978-3-923457-70-0.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2005). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/I—Winterkampf im Osten—6 December 1941 bis 30 April 1942[The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/I—Winter War in the East—6 December 1941 to 30 April 1942] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN   978-3-923457-76-2.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2006). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/III—Vom Sommerfeldzug 1942 bis zur Niederlage von Stalingrad—1 May 1942 bis 3 February 1943[The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/III—From the 1942 Summer Campaign to the Defeat at Stalingrad—1 May 1942 to 3 February 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN   978-3-923457-78-6.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2008). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 10/II—Reichsverteidigung—1.1. bis 31.12.1943[The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 10/II—Defense of the Reich—1 January to 31 December 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN   978-3-923457-85-4.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2011). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 11/II—Einsatz im Mittelmeerraum—1.1 bis 31 December 1943[The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 11/II—Action in the Mediterranean Theater—1 January to 31 December 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN   978-3-942943-00-0.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Balke, Ulf; Bock, Winfried (2022). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 15/II—Einsatz im Osten—1.1. bis 31.12.1944[The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 15/II—Action in the East—1 January to 31 December 1944] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Buchverlag Rogge. ISBN   978-3-942943-28-4.
  • Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives[The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN   978-3-938845-17-2.
  • Weal, John (2001). Jagdgeschwader 54 "Grünherz". Aviation Elite Units. Vol. 6. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN   978-1-84176-286-9.
  • Weal, John (2011). Fw 190 Defence of the Reich Aces. Aircraft of the Aces. Vol. 92. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN   978-1-84603-482-4.
  • Zabecki, David T., ed. (2014). Germany at War: 400 Years of Military History. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio. ISBN   978-1-59884-981-3.


Military offices
Preceded by
none
 Commander of Jagdgeschwader 11
1 April 1943 – 11 November 1943		Succeeded by
Oberstleutnant Hermann Graf
Preceded by Commander of Jagdgeschwader 54 Grünherz
28 January 1944 – September 1944		Succeeded by
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