Arctostaphylos franciscana

Last updated

Franciscan manzanita
Arctostaphylos franciscana 3.jpg
Status TNC GH.svg
Possibly Extinct  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Ericaceae
Genus: Arctostaphylos
Species:
A. franciscana
Binomial name
Arctostaphylos franciscana
Synonyms
  • Arctostaphylos hookeri subsp. franciscana(Eastw.) Munz
  • Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. franciscana(Eastw.) Roof
  • Uva-ursi franciscana(Eastw.) A.Heller

Arctostaphylos franciscana, known by the common name Franciscan manzanita, is a species of manzanita. It was named by Alice Eastwood and is native to the city of San Francisco. [2]

Contents

Taxonomy

Franciscan manzanita was formerly considered as a subspecies of Hooker's manzanita until elevated to full species rank following modern genetic analysis and comparisons. [3]

Conservation

When the Laurel Hill Cemetery in San Francisco was bulldozed in 1947, it was thought that the Arctostaphylos franciscana went extinct. [4] [5] In 2009, one wild specimen of the shrub was discovered in the Presidio by a local conservationist. [6] [7] The land the plant was found on was part of the Caltrans Doyle Drive Replacement Project and was not protected, which prompted litigation. [8] The single shrub found was moved and was used to try to reproduce the species. [8]

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service designated the Franciscan manzanita as an endangered species on October 5, 2012. [9] [10] [11] As of 2018, the National Park Service and Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy were attempting to cross-pollinate and propagate the preserved specimen in order to reintroduce the subspecies in the wild. [12] [13]

References

  1. ↑ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0".
  2. ↑ Milius, Susan (5 November 2020). "How passion, luck and sweat saved some of North America's rarest plants". ScienceNews. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  3. ↑ Parker, V. Thomas; Vasey, Michael C.; Keeley, Jon E. (2007). "Taxonomic Revisions in the Genus Arctostaphylos (Ericaceae)". Madroño. 54 (2): 148–155. doi:10.3120/0024-9637(2007)54[148:TRITGA]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR   41425696. S2CID   43442173.
  4. ↑ Fimrite, Peter (2011-09-08). "Feds move to protect one-of-a-kind S.F. bush". SFGATE . Retrieved 2022-10-19.
  5. ↑ Eaton, Joe; Sullivan, Ron (2010-10-10). "Reclaiming Laurel Hill Park for native plants". SFGATE . Retrieved 2022-10-19.
  6. ↑ Ishimaru, Heather (November 18, 2009). "Protected plant may delay Doyle Drive project". ABC 7. Archived from the original on November 25, 2009.
  7. ↑ Fimrite, Peter (December 26, 2009). "Manzanita bush's discovery excites scientists". SFGate .
  8. 1 2 Fimrite, Peter (2011-06-15). "Suit faults U.S. for not protecting S.F. manzanita". SFGATE . Archived from the original on October 19, 2022. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
  9. ↑ La Ganga, Maria (4 September 2012). "Franciscan manzanita added to U.S. endangered list". The Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 5 September 2012.
  10. ↑ "Species profile for Franciscan manzanita". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
  11. ↑ Fimrite, Peter (2012-09-05). "Rare S.F. bush gets federal protection". SFGATE . Retrieved 2022-10-19.
  12. ↑ Gribbon, Sadie (February 15, 2018). "Presidio's 'Loneliest plant in the world' meets its match". San Francisco Examiner . Retrieved April 7, 2025.
  13. ↑ Renault, Marion (2020-10-16). "How Many Plants Have We Wiped Out? Here Are 5 Extinction Stories". The New York Times . ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2022-10-19.


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