Assentoft

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Assentoft
Storegade, Assentoft.jpg
Storegade, the town's main street.
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Assentoft
Assentoft Denmark
Denmark Central Jutland location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Assentoft
Assentoft (Denmark Central Denmark Region)
Coordinates: 56°26′27″N10°08′55″E / 56.440724°N 10.148697°E / 56.440724; 10.148697
Country Denmark
Region Central Denmark (Midtjylland)
Municipality Randers
Area
 • Urban
2.9 km2 (1.1 sq mi)
Population
 (2023)
 •  Urban
3,822
 • Urban density1,300/km2 (3,400/sq mi)
Demonym Esking
Time zone UTC+1 (Central Europe Time)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+2
Postal code
8960
Area code (+45) 8

Assentoft is a Danish town on the peninsula of Jutland with a population of 3,822 in 2023. [1] The town is located eight kilometers east of Randers, [2] and is a part of the Randers Municipality in the Central Denmark Region.

Contents

History

Prehistory

In Assentoft, remains of e.g. a round barrow with a grave from the Stone Age, two round barrows from antiquity, a settlement from the late Bronze Age, and another settlement which seems to have been inhabited from the late Stone Age to the late Iron Age have been found. [3]

Name

In place names, the last syllable, -toft, means "the adapted", and refers to an area in which a house is built. A toft was therefore potentially an area specified for settlement by a farm owner in a village. Names with -toft are mainly from the Viking Age, as there are many names with -toft in England and Normandy. [4]

In settlement names with –toft, the first part of the name is often a Nordic first name [5] —in this case perhaps Asgun. [6] However, in some cases, the first part refers to animals, terrain, or vegetation, [5] and the first part of Assentoft's name is probably the Old Danish word æsking, which means "ash stand". [7] An inhabitant of Assentoft is also supposedly called an Esking. [8]

Early history

Old Essenbaek Church in ca. 1865. Gamle Essenbaek Kirke i ca. 1865.jpg
Old Essenbæk Church in ca. 1865.

In the era of the Hundreds of Denmark, Haldherred [10] built the church Essenbæk (Eskingbec) [11] in approximately the 12th century CE [12] in the middle of Essenbæk Parish, which was an annex of Virring Parish [13] . Most of Essenbæk Parish was tenured to Essenbæk Abbey, [14] and as of March 9, 1467, Essenbæk Farm (Æskinbechgard; Essenbækgård) has stood by the church. [15]

Modern history

Essenbaek Farm (left) and Essenbaek Mill (middle) in 1921. Essenbaek Molle og Essenbaekgaarden - fotografi af maleri fra 1921.jpg
Essenbæk Farm (left) and Essenbæk Mill (middle) in 1921.

After the Reformation in Denmark, the king confiscated Essenbæk Abbey and its estate in 1540, [16] and established Assentoft (Assentofftt) in 1579. [17] When Essenbæk Farm and Essenbæk Mill (Essenbech Møllested; Essenbæk Mølle) were acquired on August 22, 1661 from the king by Hans Friis, there were 10 farms, four smallholdings and five houses in Assentoft. [18] The town's location on moraine hills reveals that agriculture was prioritized there, and cattle were probably kept on the meadows below the town. [2]

On March 18, [19] 1695, Hans Friis gave Essenbæk Home Farm (Essenbæk Ladegård) and its adjoining estates to his nephew Christian Friis, [20] who incorporated them into the entailed estate of Tustrup on February 15, 1726. [21] In 1739, the estate owner established a school in Assentoft, [22] but on October 30, 1782, the king gave permission to sell the estate. Essenbæk Home Farm was sold at auction at Tustrup December 18, 1783 to Christian Kallager, and on June 11, 1785, the deed was signed. [23]

On June 10, [24] 1787, Kallager sold it to Peter Severin Fønss and Johan Frederik Carøe. [25] Essenbæk Farm was sold again in 1789 to Niels Christensen Kutsch, [26] and during the next year, Assentoft was sold [27] to the tenant farmers in the village. [28] When they divided it among themselves on July 15, 1790, there were nine whole farms, two half farms, four smallholdings, and four houses in Assentoft. [29]

Within each pastorage, a main parish and its annex(es) were established in 1803, and were called a municipal [30] parish, [31] which from January 1, 1868 [32] was called parish municipality. [33] One of the municipalities was Virring-Essenbæk Municipality, which included Assentoft. [11]

The schools from 1840 (top) and 1907 (bottom). Assentoft gamle og nye skole ca. 1900.jpg
The schools from 1840 (top) and 1907 (bottom).
Essenbaek Church in ca. 1901. Essenbaek Kirke, Assentoft.png
Essenbæk Church in ca. 1901.

In 1840, a new and larger school was built in the village. [35] The decrepit church in Essenbæk Parish was torn down in the autumn of 1865, [36] and on November 28, 1869, the consecration of a new [25] Essenbæk Church in Assentoft occurred. [13] At that time, the village was growing north of the highway. [37]

In Assentoft, the Savings and Loans Bank of Virring and Essenbæk Parishes (Virring og Essenbæk Sognes Spare- og Laanekasse) was established in 1871. [11] To provide medical assistance for its members, [38] the Craftmen's Society of Essenbæk Parish (Essenbæk Sogns Haandværkerforening) was established on March 6 of the same year, [39] and in the summer of 1889, the society had built [40] the Foundation of the Craftmen's Society of Essenbæk Parish (Essenbæk Sogns Haandværkerforenings Stiftelse), [39] which was called the village hall in Assentoft. In it was a taproom, [41] a gathering hall, and six free [42] retirement homes. [43] Assentoft Waterworks (Assentoft Vandværk) was established May 15, 1895. [44]

Storegade in ca. 1920, with Assentoft Co-operative Society's store nearest on the right. Storegade ca. 1920 (1).jpg
Storegade in ca. 1920, with Assentoft Co-operative Society's store nearest on the right.

On January 26, 1900, the Assentoft Co-operative Society (Assentoft Brugsforening) was established, the newly built store of which opened for sale July 1 of the same year. [45] In 1907 a new and larger school was built in the village, [35] and Essenbæk Mill - rebuilt after a fire April 23, 1889 [46] - was torn down in 1922. [47]

July 23, 1937 motorcycle racing occurred the first time on Volk Mill (Volk Mølle) hills at Essenbæk Farm. The track that was raced on was then ca. 300 meters long with a steep elevation at last, and typically ordinary motorcycles that were converted for it on site were raced there. [48] In 1939 Assentoft Sports Club (Assentoft Idrætsforening) was established, which from that year participated in series football. [49]

All motoring races were suspended while the Second World War was fought, but from 1946 hill climbing for motorcycles was again raced on Volk Mill hills. From that time many of the races on the track could attract 10,000-20,000 spectators. In 1949 the only Danish hill climbing championship was raced there.

The motocross track on Volk Mill hills in 1955 Volk Molle banen.jpg
The motocross track on Volk Mill hills in 1955

Motocross was first raced on Volk Mill hills April 20, 1951. Then the track that was raced on was 750 meters long. In the autumn of 1954 the then 2,500 meters long track was approved by international track inspection, and on August 28 1955 Motocross des Nations was raced there with 24 participants and ca. 40,000 spectators. [51] The first photograph that was elected as World Press Photo of the Year shows one of the race's participants that crashes on the track. [52]

The village hall (left) and Essenbaek House (right) in the 1960s. Essenbaek Sogns Haanvaerkerforenings Stiftelse (senere Assentoft Kro) og Essenbaekhus ca. 1960-1970.jpg
The village hall (left) and Essenbæk House (right) in the 1960s.

From 1954 there were no retirement homes in the village hall, as they were outmoded, [38] but November 6, 1957 the new Essenbæk House (Essenbækhus) was opened as retirement homes [53] on the village hall's previous kitchen garden. [40]

The European motocross championship's final on Volk Mill hills September 2, 1956. Volk Molle banen i 1956.jpg
The European motocross championship's final on Volk Mill hills September 2, 1956.

In the 1950s and 1960s several national and international motocross races, including world championships and both European and Danish championships, occurred on Volk Mill hills, and from the beginning of the 1960s trials too. [55] Also in the beginning of the 1960s the first single-family house neighborhoods were established in Assentoft by the western part of the village, [56] and Assentoft Sports Club was united with Langkastrup Gymnastics Association (Langkastrup Gymnastikforening) [49] as Sønderhald Sports Club (Sønderhald Idrætsforening) April 25, 1964. [57]

In 1966 the Savings and Loans Bank of Virring and Essenbæk Parishes was acquired by the Savings Bank for Randers Town and Environs (Sparekassen for Randers By og Omegn), [58] and in 1968 the village hall was sold, and then refashioned as Assentoft Inn (Assentoft Kro). [40] That same year the last race with spectators occurred on Volk Mill hills, and in 1969 the last training race occurred there. [59]

E.g. Virring-Essenbæk Municipality was superseded April 1, 1970 by Sønderhald Municipality, [60] and November 11, 1970, it decided to establish the residential area of Assentoft East (Assentoft Øst) by Essenbæk Farm. [61] From February 28, 1973, the municipality decided to expand the residential area with e.g. parts of the nearby village Drastrup, including the Sønderhald School (Sønderhaldskolen), [62] which is now getting to be surrounded by Assentoft. [63]

At the Sønderhald School was built from June to October 1975 the sports hall Assentoft Gymnasium (Assentofthallen), which was opened for use October 25 of the same year. [64] The Essenbæk School (Essenbækskolen) was built near the Sønderhald School in 1979, [65] and beside the Assentoft Gymnasium another sports hall was built which was opened for use November 14, 1980. A community centre added to the Assentoft Gymnasiums (Assentofthallerne), which the two sports halls are collectively called, was opened for use in the spring of 1981. [66]

November 12, 1986 the municipality decided to establish the industrial area of Virkevangen in Assentoft East, [67] and in 1989 the Sønderhald School and the Essenbæk School were united as the Assentoft School (Assentoftskolen). [65] Sønderhald Sports Club became SIF Assentoft in June 2011. [68]

Demography

Population
1787106 [37] 19842,204 [69] 19992,265 [70] 20123,311 [71]
1938Ca. 350 [72] 19852,241 [73] 20002,325 [74] 20133,360 [71]
1960535 [75] 19862,265 [76] 20012,380 [77] 20143,383 [71]
1965743 [78] 19892,376 [79] 20022,415 [77] 20153,387 [71]
19701,136 [80] 19902,373 [79] 20032,406 [77] 20163,427 [71]
19761,779 [81] 19922,306 [82] 20042,465 [83]
19792,041 [84] 19942,268 [85] 20062,734 [86]
19812,185 [84] 19962,235 [87] 20082,981 [88]
19822,200 [84] 19972,238 [89] 20103,205 [71]
19832,188 [90] 19982,210 [89] 20113,262 [71]

Geography

View across Randers Fjord from Volk Mill hills. Vue fra Essenbaek Kirketomt, Assentoft.jpg
View across Randers Fjord from Volk Mill hills.

Most of Assentoft's northern rim lies [56] on the top of a ca. 50 meters high slope between the riverine meadows and the moraine hills south of Randers Fjord. The deep erosion gullies [2] are wooded, and promontory by promontory used for the growth of the town. However, certain parts of the town lie down on steep plots closely surrounded by wood and meadows, [91] so close to nature that one can e.g. see roe deer grazing in the gardens. From the towns southern side the flatter moraine landscape is seen. [2]

Infrastructure

The infrastructure in Assentoft consists primarily of tranquil residential streets. To especially the town's residential areas towards east the Grenå Road south of Assentoft to some degree relieves Storegade, which is also characterized as residential street. [92]

Business

In the town there is a selection of service and industry, [63] and a few retail stores along Storegade. [92]

Assentoft Silo A/S, [93] which e.g. produces low-oxygen steel silos, [94] was established in the summer of 1940. [95]

Education

The Assentoft School with 750 pupils (2013) is the largest state school in Randers Municipality. [96]

Notable people

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References

  1. ↑ BY3: Population 1st January by urban areas, area and population density The Mobile Statbank from Statistics Denmark
  2. 1 2 3 4 Stadsarkitektens Kontor (2011). Assentoft & Drastrup:Landsbyregistreringen 2011. http://ipaper.ipapercms.dk/RandersKommune/MiljoogTeknik/stadsarkitekten/Landsbyregistering2011/AssentoftogDrastrup/ [Retrieved 2016-07-22], p. 4
  3. ↑ Slots- og Kulturstyrelsen. Fund og Fortidsminder. http://www.kulturarv.dk/fundogfortidsminder/Kort/?bbox=567835.991866584,6253046.06217988,574515.991866584,6259726.06217988&point=571175.991866584,6256386.06217988 [Retrieved 2016-07-24]
  4. ↑ Becker-Christensen, Christian; Widell, Peter (1992). Politikens NUDANSK ORDBOG. Copenhagen, Denmark: Politikens Forlag A/S. ISBN   87-567-5107-9 (volume 1-2), p. 1113
  5. 1 2 Gyldendal. –toft in Den Store Danske http://denstoredanske.dk/Sprog,_religion_og_filosofi/Sprog/Navne/Stednavnes_orddele/-toft [Retrieved 2016-07-24]
  6. ↑ Gyldendal. Assentoft in Den Store Danske. http://denstoredanske.dk/Danmarks_geografi_og_historie/Danmarks_geografi/Jylland/Jylland_-_byer/Assentoft [Retrieved 2016-07-22]
  7. ↑ Becker-Christensen, Christian; Widell, Peter (1992). Politikens NUDANSK ORDBOG. Copenhagen, Denmark: Politikens Forlag A/S. ISBN   87-567-5107-9 (volume 1-2), p. 324
  8. ↑ Gyldendal. Essenbæk Kloster in Den Store Danske. http://denstoredanske.dk/Danmarks_geografi_og_historie/Danmarks_historie/Nordens_middelalderark%C3%A6ologi/Essenb%C3%A6k_Kloster [Retrieved 2016-08-24]
  9. ↑ Nielsen, Allan Berg (1984). Essenbæk gamle kirke in Årsskrift 1984. Auning, Denmark: Lokalhistorisk forening for Sønderhald Kommune og Sønderhald Egnsarkiv, p. 20
  10. ↑ Nielsen, Niels; Skautrup, Peter; Mathiassen, Therkel (1963). J. P. TRAP: DANMARK. FEMTE UDGAVE. REDIGERET AF NIELS NIELSEN • PETER SKAUTRUP • THERKEL MATHIASSEN. RANDERS AMT. BIND VII, 2. Copenhagen, Denmark: G. E. C. Gads Forlag, pp. 841-842
  11. 1 2 3 Nielsen, Niels; Skautrup, Peter; Mathiassen, Therkel (1963). J. P. TRAP: DANMARK. FEMTE UDGAVE. REDIGERET AF NIELS NIELSEN • PETER SKAUTRUP • THERKEL MATHIASSEN. RANDERS AMT. BIND VII, 2. Copenhagen, Denmark: G. E. C. Gads Forlag, p. 847
  12. ↑ Mejlsø, Jørgen; Jørgensen, Johannes Liingaard; Kristiansen, Karsten (2011). DANSKE FORTIDSMINDER. http://www.fortidsmindeguide.dk/Essenbaek-Kirke.ma003.0.html Archived 2016-04-19 at the Wayback Machine [Retrieved 2016-07-22]
  13. 1 2 Weitemeyer, Harald (1901). J. P. TRAP: KONGERIGET DANMARK. TREDJE OMARBEJDEDE UDGAVE. UNDER MEDVIRKNING AF V. FALBE-HANSEN OG H. WESTERGAARD. UDARBEJDET AF H. WEIETMEYER. FJERDE BIND. HJØRRING, THISTED, AALBORG, VIBORG OG RANDERS AMTER. Copenhagen, Denmark: Universitstsboghandler G. E. C. Gad., p. 925
  14. ↑ Mariager, Rasmus (1937). ESSENBÆK SOGNS HISTORIE: SAMLET OG UDGIVET AF R. Mariager. Odder, Denmark; Duplikeringsbureauet, p. 7
  15. ↑ Nordisk Forskningsinstitut (1998). Danmarks Stednavne. http://danmarksstednavne.navneforskning.ku.dk/ [Retrieved 2016-10-22]
  16. ↑ Mariager, Rasmus (1937). ESSENBÆK SOGNS HISTORIE: SAMLET OG UDGIVET AF R. Mariager. Odder, Denmark; Duplikeringsbureauet, p. 11
  17. ↑ Nielsen, Niels; Skautrup, Peter; Mathiassen, Therkel (1963). J. P. TRAP: DANMARK. FEMTE UDGAVE. REDIGERET AF NIELS NIELSEN • PETER SKAUTRUP • THERKEL MATHIASSEN. RANDERS AMT. BIND VII, 2. Copenhagen, Denmark: G. E. C. Gads Forlag, pp. 847-848
  18. ↑ Laursen, Laurs Rasmus (1892). Kronens Skøder: paa afhændet og erhvervet Jordegods i Danmark, fra Reformationen til Nutiden. Copenhagen, Denmark; C. A. Reitzel, p. 101
  19. ↑ Hansen, Karl (1832). Danske Ridderborge, beskrevne tildeels efter utrykte Kilder. Copenhagen, Denmark; Hofboghandler Beekens Forlag, p. 102
  20. ↑ Nielsen, Niels; Skautrup, Peter; Mathiassen, Therkel (1963). J. P. TRAP: DANMARK. FEMTE UDGAVE. REDIGERET AF NIELS NIELSEN • PETER SKAUTRUP • THERKEL MATHIASSEN. RANDERS AMT. BIND VII, 2. Copenhagen, Denmark: G. E. C. Gads Forlag, p. 862
  21. ↑ Hansen, Karl (1832). Danske Ridderborge, beskrevne tildeels efter utrykte Kilder. Copenhagen, Denmark; Hofboghandler Beekens Forlag, p. 142
  22. ↑ Mariager, Rasmus (1937). ESSENBÆK SOGNS HISTORIE: SAMLET OG UDGIVET AF R. Mariager. Odder, Denmark; Duplikeringsbureauet, p. 23
  23. ↑ Hansen, Karl (1832). Danske Ridderborge, beskrevne tildeels efter utrykte Kilder. Copenhagen, Denmark; Hofboghandler Beekens Forlag, p. 143
  24. ↑ Hansen, Karl (1832). Danske Ridderborge, beskrevne tildeels efter utrykte Kilder. Copenhagen, Denmark; Hofboghandler Beekens Forlag, p. 145
  25. 1 2 Nielsen, Niels; Skautrup, Peter; Mathiassen, Therkel (1963). J. P. TRAP: DANMARK. FEMTE UDGAVE. REDIGERET AF NIELS NIELSEN • PETER SKAUTRUP • THERKEL MATHIASSEN. RANDERS AMT. BIND VII, 2. Copenhagen, Denmark: G. E. C. Gads Forlag, p. 848
  26. ↑ Mariager, Rasmus (1937). ESSENBÆK SOGNS HISTORIE: SAMLET OG UDGIVET AF R. Mariager. Odder, Denmark; Duplikeringsbureauet, p. 80
  27. ↑ Mariager, Rasmus (1937). ESSENBÆK SOGNS HISTORIE: SAMLET OG UDGIVET AF R. Mariager. Odder, Denmark; Duplikeringsbureauet, p. 13
  28. ↑ Mehlsen, Ejnar (1919). Essenbæk Kloster in Aarbog udgivet af Randers Amts Historiske Samfund. Årgang 13. 52-60. Randers, Denmark: Randers Amts Historiske Samfund, p. 60
  29. ↑ Mariager, Rasmus (1937). ESSENBÆK SOGNS HISTORIE: SAMLET OG UDGIVET AF R. Mariager. Odder, Denmark; Duplikeringsbureauet, pp. 16-17
  30. ↑ Blangstrup, Christian (1922). Salmonsens konversationsleksikon. Anden Udgave. Bind XXI:Schinopsis-Spektrum. Copenhagen, Denmark; A/S J. H. Schultz Forlagsboghandel, p. 885
  31. ↑ Blangstrup, Christian (1922). Salmonsens konversationsleksikon. Anden Udgave. Bind XXI:Schinopsis-Spektrum. Copenhagen, Denmark; A/S J. H. Schultz Forlagsboghandel, p. 888
  32. ↑ Christensen, Harry (1976). Danske landkommuner 1842-1970. Viborg, Denmark; Landsarkivet for Nørrejylland, p. 5
  33. ↑ Christensen, Leif (2010). Sogneforstanderskab – sogneforstander – sogneråd – sognerådsformand. http://helec.dk/Sogneforstanderskab%20og%20sogneraad.pdf [Retrieved 2016-08-15], p. 3
  34. ↑ Weitemeyer, Harald (1901). J. P. TRAP: KONGERIGET DANMARK. TREDJE OMARBEJDEDE UDGAVE. UNDER MEDVIRKNING AF V. FALBE-HANSEN OG H. WESTERGAARD. UDARBEJDET AF H. WEIETMEYER. FJERDE BIND. HJØRRING, THISTED, AALBORG, VIBORG OG RANDERS AMTER. Copenhagen, Denmark: Universitstsboghandler G. E. C. Gad, p. 922
  35. 1 2 Mariager, Rasmus (1937). ESSENBÆK SOGNS HISTORIE: SAMLET OG UDGIVET AF R. Mariager. Odder, Denmark; Duplikeringsbureauet, p. 25
  36. ↑ Nielsen, Allan Berg (1984). Essenbæk gamle kirke in Årsskrift 1984. Auning, Denmark: Lokalhistorisk forening for Sønderhald Kommune og Sønderhald Egnsarkiv, p. 17
  37. 1 2 Mariager, Rasmus (1937). ESSENBÆK SOGNS HISTORIE: SAMLET OG UDGIVET AF R. Mariager. Odder, Denmark; Duplikeringsbureauet, p. 18
  38. 1 2 Newspaper article in Sønderhald Egnsarkiv (1971). Formuen var 50 rigsdaler.
  39. 1 2 Bestyrelsen for Essenbæk Sogns Haandværkerforening (1906). LOVE for Essenbæk Sogns Haandværkerforening. Ørsted, Denmark; Ørsted Bogtrykkeri
  40. 1 2 3 Byriel, Ellen (2014). Assentoft Kro in Årsskrift 2014. Auning, Denmark; Lokalhistorisk Forening for Sønderhald, p. 41
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