In the Northern Territory (NT), Australian rules football is a popular participation and spectator sport, particularly among the many remote Indigenous Australian communities of the outback such as the Tiwi Islands but also in the capital Darwin and other cities particularly Alice Springs. There are more than 15 regional competitions across the territory, the highest profile being the semi-professional Northern Territory Football League based around Darwin and Central Australian Football League around Alice Springs. It is governed by AFL Northern Territory. 7,158 adults and 3,917 children play it, of which about a third are female.[1] Participation per capita has fallen from 18% in 2017 when it had the highest rate for a team sport in Australia[2] to 3.4% in 2024 and fourth behind soccer, basketball and cricket.[1]
The territory's men's team made a single interstate representational appearance at the 1988 Adelaide Bicentennial Carnival. Selected under State of Origin criteria and featuring such names as Maurice Rioli, Michael Long and Michael McLean it went through undefeated to take out the Division 2 premiership with big wins against Tasmania, the VFA and the national amateurs team. In 1993 it was merged with Queensland to create a composite side which has not appeared since. Northern Territory had a standalone representative side in the underage National Championships between 1979 and 2016, this side won three Division 2 titles—Under 16 in 1999, and Under 19 in 2004 and 2012. Since 2021, the Northern Territory Academy has participated in the Talent League. The NT is home to the Indigenous All-Stars and Flying Boomerangs representative teams. The All-Stars hold the current attendance record for any football code in the Territory - 17,500 set in 2002. A professional club, the Northern Territory Football Club (NT Thunder) was formed in 2008 and competed in the second tier semi-national NEAFL competition.
Since the first Australian Football League (AFL) match played in Darwin during the 2004 AFL season, attendances have averaged 9,320. They have steadily declined from a peak of 14,100 in 2006 (featuring the Western Bulldogs). Under the 2020 arrangement with the Gold Coast Suns and Melbourne FC, the NT receives two matches in Darwin (Marrara Oval) and one in Alice Springs (Traeger Park) each year. In addition, Darwin hosted the 2020 Dreamtime match including the first AFL Women's (AFLW) fixture during the 2024 season.[3] The AFL's Gold Coast Suns have access to the best junior talent from the Territory through its recruitment zone and the Gold Coast Suns Academy. In 2021, following a 2018 scoping study, AFL Northern Territory launched an official bid to enter a team into the national AFL competition. This bid is under consideration by the league for entry around 2030.[4]
Since the debut of Reuben Cooper in 1969,[5] over 100 of born-and-raised Territorians have played in the AFL and AFLW. However, a significant percentage have launched their professional football careers from other states, particularly South Australia, Western Australia and Queensland. Nevertheless the sport in 2017 produced more professional players per capita AFL than any other state or territory. Two dynasties from the NT have together produced numerous prominent footballers: the Rioli and Long families. Australian Football Hall of Famer Maurice Rioli was known also for his career in the WAFL prior to playing in Victoria. Hall of Famer Andrew McLeod is often considered the most accomplished AFL player born and raised in the NT, and Hall of Famer Nathan Buckley is the only Territorian to win the Brownlow Medal. Darwin-born Shaun Burgoyne holds both the Territorian AFL games and goals records, with 407 games and 302 goals. Shaun Burgoyne and Cyril Rioli have played in 4 AFL premierships, more than any other Territorian. In the AFLW, Danielle Ponter of the Rioli-Long family is the most prominent NT player, having kicked the most goals and played the most games.
History
Football at Town Oval in Darwin, 1916In 1940 football had become so popular with the Indigenous community in Darwin that most match officials (time keeper, siren sounder and scorer were indigenous)A football match being played in Darwin in 1943.Pioneers Central Australian Football Association Premiers 1953
Prior to separation from South Australia, during the 1870s and 1880s the local media reported almost equally on both Australian rules and rugby, there was a growing awareness of international rugby and also of both American football and soccer. Australian rules began to gain favour in the Northern Territory late 1880s due mainly to South Australia's involvement in intercolonials with Victoria. Apart from the difficulties presented by distance and population, attempts to form a local football club were hampered by the lack of an oval, with the only available oval in being by destroyed white ants.[6] Following separation from South Australia in 1911, association football was the first form of football played in the NT, with a match against British sailors from the HMS Prometheus taking place in 1912. However, there were insufficient local footballers to field a full team.[7]
Reuben Cooper Snr, an Iwaidja person, is credited with introducing Australian rules football in Darwin in 1915 after learning the game while boarding at St Peter's College, Adelaide.[8] The first rugby match was played on 3 February 1916, and an Australian rules match was also planned for that day but proved difficult to organise due to insufficient numbers.[9] The first recorded match of Australian rules football in Darwin was played on Saturday, 12 February 1916, on Darwin Town Oval between Red and Blue (32) and Red and White (20).[10] It was followed by a second match the following Saturday organised as a Red Cross fundraiser.[11] The NT Football Association was formed shortly thereafter with its first regular competition matches beginning in March 1916.[12]
The Northern Territory Football League chose to play in the Northern Territory's 'wet season', primarily due to hard playing surfaces during the 'dry season'. Games were played on the Esplanade or Town Oval.[13] Most other leagues in Australia operate during the winter, but since the NT does not have a winter, it is played at different times. The Wanderers Football Club were the founding members of the league in 1916.
Australian rules was introduced to Port Keats (now Wadeye) by Father Richard Docherty with the commencement of the local mission Werntek Nganayi in 1935.[14]
By 1940, football matches in Darwin were not only highly popular with the Indigenous community but also highly multicultural, with a high percentage of the crowd being Chinese.[15]
John Pye and Andy Howley introduced Australian rules football to the Tiwi Islands in 1941, which grew to become the most popular sport there.[16] Within a couple of decades, the major Australian leagues began to take an interest with the first player offered a contract being Joe Saturninas in 1955[17] followed by the more successful David Kantilla in the SANFL and later by Maurice Rioli in the VFL. Today, around a third of the Territorians in the national AFL are from the islands. The Tiwi Islands Football League is a strong competition which feeds players into the NTFL. Skills of the TIFL players are widely celebrated. The TIFL Grand Final is the largest event on the island and a major tourist drawcard.
The Central Australian Football Association began in 1947 and quickly became Alice Springs most popular sport.
In 1954, the NTFL moved from the ageing Darwin Town Oval to the newly opened Gardens Oval.[18]
In 1974, the Gove Australian Football League began, establishing the sport in Arnhem Land and the Gove Peninsula. In 1988, competition began in the Katherine region with the establishment of the Katherine District Football League. At the inland townships of Tennant Creek and to a lesser extent Katherine, rugby league is popular due to it being established earlier (at Tennant Creek in the 1930s and Katherine in the 1960s) and the strong Queensland influence being close to the inland route between Queensland, Darwin and Alice Springs. Nevertheless, the Barkly Australian Football League was formed in 1991 to cater for increased popularity of Australian rules in the remote communities of the region.[citation needed]
In 1991, Marrara Oval was increased in capacity, and became the new home for the NTFL and AFL matches. The first AFL pre-season fixture between Collingwood and West Coast was played in February 1992 in front of a crowd of 11,000 spectators.[20]
In 1991, Darwin hosted the first Arafura Games, the first international competition to include Australian rules football, and local teams have competed against nations from around the world. The city has hosted the competition ever since.
However, in a deal struck with the Northern Territory government, Melbourne based Western Bulldogs AFL side has played several home games a year at Marrara Oval.[citation needed]
The first NT women's league was founded in 2004 as a division of the NTFL in Darwin.[citation needed]
In 2007, a representative side began in earnest a campaign to join a major league, the SANFL, WAFL or QAFL with the new team split between Alice Springs and Darwin. A decision was reached in late 2008, with the Northern Territory Football Club, known as the Thunder, formed to field a team in the Queensland competition from the 2009 season onwards. The Thunder now play in the NEAFL, an elite competition for clubs from Queensland, New South Wales and Canberra as well as the reserve teams of four AFL clubs (Sydney, GWS Giants, Brisbane and Gold Coast).[citation needed]
In 2009, a league was established on Groote Eylandt which quickly became popular. In 2012, the Wilurrara Tjataku Football League was established due to the substantial obstacles faced by remote communities to travel to Alice Springs.[21]
NT women will play a prominent role in the Crows team, with the teams playing under a combined Northern Territory/South Australia banner.[23] There are eight clubs in the competition. As of the start of 2017, these NT teams have contributed the following players:
Wanderers: Sophie Armitstead, midfield/defender; Stevie-Lee Thompson, midfielder.
Locations of regional governing bodies with active competitions (yellow is competitions run from other juridictions with NT clubs with points indicating approximate epicentres of NT clubs)
At Under 16 and Under 18 level, the NT fields teams in the national championships.
The Indigenous All-Stars, a team composed of indigenous Australian players mostly from the AFL and all over the country, are based in Darwin. Darwin is also home of the Flying Boomerangs, the junior indigenous side, which has toured the world to play matches against other countries.
According to Ausplay, participation in the NT has declined rapidly in recent years, from over 10,000 participants and 7% per capita participation to just over 7,000 and 3.6% in just a few years.[1]
In 2017, AFLNT reported 44,729 direct participants in Australian rules football through official competitions or programs, which makes up 18% of the NT population. There are also around 15,000 more participants in AFL promotional activities.[citation needed]
Around half of all participants are in non-metropolitan areas of the Northern Territory, and a growing 34% of participants are women.[27]
The Tiwi Islands is said to have the highest participation rate in Australia (35%) .
Without a local AFLW club, the NT government had an investment partnership with Adelaide women's club between 2017 and 2019 and the club played home games in NT. Early in the AFLW many of the women's players started their career in Adelaide with the Adelaide Crows until the introduction of expansion clubs. As such there was a very strong NT influence in the early years of the Adelaide women's side.
Marrara Oval is a sports ground in Darwin, the capital of Australia's Northern Territory. The ground primarily hosts Australian rules football, cricket, and rugby league.
The Northern Territory Football League (NTFL) is an Australian rules football operating in Greater Darwin and the Northern Territory. It operates a semi-professional senior men's league as well as competitions for women and underagers.
The Indigenous All-Stars is an Australian rules football team composed of players that identify as Indigenous Australian or with an indigenous culture.
The St Marys Football Club, nicknamed, Saints, formed in 1952, is an Australian rules football club, affiliated to the Northern Territory Football League. It is famous for its record of success, with 34 NTFL premierships in 53 Grand Finals and 69 out of 72 possible final appearances. To the end of season 2023/24, St Marys have played 1336 games for 961 Wins 362 Losses and 11 Draws and 2 N/R.
The Tiwi Islands Football League is an Australian rules football competition in the Tiwi Islands, Northern Territory, Australia.
AFL Northern Territory Limited is the governing body for Australian rules football in the Northern Territory and is based in Marrara a suburb of the city of Darwin in the Northern Territory (NT), Australia.
Maurice Joseph Rioli Sr. was an Australian rules footballer who represented St Mary's Football Club in the Northern Territory Football League (NTFL), South Fremantle in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) and Richmond in the Victorian Football League.
Many sports are played in the Northern Territory of Australia.
David Kantilla was an Australian rules footballer who is recognised as the first Indigenous Australian to play in the South Australian National Football League and the first Tiwi Islander to successfully play in a southern football league. Throughout his footballing career he was known by his 'Anglo' name David Kantilla but also had his tribal name of Amparralamtua.
Cameron Stokes is a former Australian rules football player who played with the Hawthorn Football Club in the Australian Football League. Stokes was recruited to the Hawks via the 2008 AFL rookie draft, selected at pick 54. He made his AFL debut in the opening round of the 2008 AFL season, alongside fellow Northern Territorian Cyril Rioli. Stokes played all his junior football with the Darwin Football Club in the Northern Territory Football League (NTFL). Stokes is a former captain of the Northern Territory under age state team.
Cyril Rioli is a former Australian rules football player who played with the Hawthorn Football Club in the Australian Football League. Rioli was a member of four premiership teams and was the Norm Smith Medallist in the 2015 AFL Grand Final.
The Rioli family are a notable Australian rules football family from the Tiwi Islands in the Northern Territory.
Gardens Oval is an Australian Football oval and cricket ground complex in Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. The complex has two ovals, the main one has spectator facilities including covered grandstands. Gardens No.1 Oval was the home of Northern Territory Football League prior to the opening of Marrara Oval. It is currently home to the Waratah Football Club which plays in the Northern Territory Football League competition.
Ben Long is a professional Australian rules footballer playing for the Gold Coast Suns in the Australian Football League (AFL).
Abbey Holmes is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Adelaide Football Club in the AFL Women's (AFLW). She began playing football for the Waratah Football Club in the Northern Territory Football League in 2012 and won four consecutive premierships with the club, along with being the league's leading goalkicker the same four seasons. In 2014, she became the first woman to kick 100 goals in a season in an established football league, and in 2016 she was drafted in the inaugural AFL Women's draft by Adelaide.
Stevie-Lee Thompson is an Australian rules footballer playing for the Adelaide Football Club in the AFL Women's competition.
Danielle Ponter is an Australian rules footballer playing for Adelaide Football Club in the AFL Women's (AFLW). She played for St Mary's and Essendon in her junior career, typically as a forward. Ponter was selected with pick 48 in the 2018 AFL Women's draft and made her debut in round 2 of the 2019 season. She was nominated for the 2019 AFL Women's Rising Star award in round 4.
The Sir Doug Nicholls Round is an annual event in the Australian Football League which celebrates the culture of Indigenous Australians and the contribution of Indigenous Australian players to the sport.
Malcolm Rosas Jr. is a professional Australian rules footballer who plays for the Gold Coast Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).
Janet Baird is an Australian rules footballer playing for Hawthorn Football Club in the AFL Women's (AFLW).
References
1 2 3 4 5 Commission, Australian Sports Commission; jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia; corporateName=Australian Sports. "AusPlay results". Sport Australia. Retrieved 5 November 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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