Aylostera

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Aylostera
Aylostera pseudodeminuta.JPG
Aylostera deminuta
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Subfamily: Cactoideae
Tribe: Cereeae
Subtribe: Aylosterinae
Genus: Aylostera
Speg.
Type species
Aylostera deminuta
Synonyms [1]
  • Digitorebutia Frič & Kreuz. ex Buining
  • Mediolobivia Backeb.

Aylostera, is a genus of cactus, native to central Bolivia and north western Argentina. [1] Aylostera was formerly sunk into a broadly circumscribed genus Rebutia , but molecular phylogenetic studies from 2007 onwards showed that when defined in this way, Rebutia was not monophyletic, leading to the resurrection of Aylostera. A 2023 classification of the tribe Cereeae placed it as the only genus in the subtribe Aylosterinae. It was formerly placed in the subtribe Rebutiinae.

Contents

Description

Aylostera species are small cacti with globular stems. The stems may or may not have ribs; this feature can vary even within a species. Their flowers are of various colours. A key feature that distinguishes Aylostera from Rebutia is that the pericarpels and receptacles (which together form a structure that is often referred to as the 'flower tube') are hairy, rather than glabrous. [2]

Taxonomy

The genus Aylostera was erected by Carlo Luigi Spegazzini in 1923. [1] A historical summary of the treatment of Aylostera and related genera published in 2011 showed how in succession it was recognized, sunk into Rebutia, and then resurrected to include a large part of Rebutia. [3] A phylogenetic study in 2016 using both molecular and morphological characters confirmed that Aylostera was monophyletic and distantly related to the clade that contains the type species of Rebutia, thus justifying recognizing it as a separate genus. [2] The separate status of Aylostera is accepted by Plants of the World Online, as of December 2024. [1]

In a 2023 classification of the tribe Cereeae, it was placed as the only genus in the subtribe Uebelmanniinae, having formerly been placed in the subtribe Rebutiinae. [4]

Species

The number of species accepted in Aylostera varies considerably. The 2016 study of the genus accepted only nine species, including a very broadly circumscribed Aylostera deminuta . [2] As of December 2024, Plants of the World Online accepted 26 species: [1]

ImageScientific nameDistribution
Rebutia albiflora1MW.jpg Aylostera albiflora (F.Ritter & Buining) Backeb.Bolivia.
Rebutia albopectinata1b.MW.jpg Aylostera albopectinata (Rausch) Mosti & PapiniBolivia.
Rebutia atrovirens ritteri.jpg Aylostera atrovirens (Backeb.) Mosti & PapiniBolivia to Argentina
Aylostera pseudodeminuta crop.jpg Aylostera deminuta (F.A.C.Weber) Backeb.Bolivia to Argentina
Rebutia einsteinii 1.jpg Aylostera einsteinii (Frič) Mosti & PapiniBolivia to Argentina
Rebutia fiebrigii 1.jpg Aylostera fiebrigii (Gürke) Backeb.Bolivia to Argentina
Rebutia flavistylus 1.jpg Aylostera flavistyla (F.Ritter) Mosti & PapiniBolivia
Aylostera fusca (F.Ritter) Mosti & PapiniBolivia.
Rebutia heliosa pm.JPG Aylostera heliosa (Rausch) Mosti & PapiniBolivia.
Aylostera hoffmannii (Diers & Rausch) Mosti & PapiniBolivia to Argentina (Salta)
Rebutia kupperiana 2.jpg Aylostera kupperiana (Boed.) Backeb.Bolivia (Tarija)
Aylostera leucanthema (Rausch) Mosti & PapiniBolivia (Chuquisaca)
Aylostera malochii (Slaba & Lad.Fisch.) RitzBolivia.
Aylostera mamillosa (Rausch) Mosti & PapiniBolivia
Aylostera mandingaensis R.Wahl & JuckerBolivia.
Rebutia muscula.JPG Aylostera muscula (F.Ritter & P.Thiele) Backeb.Bolivia (Tarija)
Rebutia narvaecensis pm 1.jpg Aylostera narvaecense CárdenasBolivia (Tarija)
Rebutia nigricans.jpg Aylostera nigricans (Wessner) Mosti & PapiniArgentina
Rebutia perplexa (8416437001).jpg Aylostera perplexa (Donald) Mosti & PapiniBolivia.
Rebutia spegazziniana 1.jpg Aylostera pseudominuscula (Speg.) Speg.Bolivia to Argentina
Rebutia pulvinosa 1.jpg Aylostera pulvinosa (F.Ritter & Buining) Backeb.Bolivia (Tarija)
Rebutia pygmaea1d.MW.jpg Aylostera pygmaea (R.E.Fr.) Mosti & PapiniBolivia to Argentina
Rebutia spinosissima 1.jpg Aylostera spinosissima (Backeb.) Backeb.Bolivia.
Rebutia steinmannii eucaliptana.jpg Aylostera steinmannii (Solms) Backeb.Bolivia to Argentina
Rebutia tarvitaensis 1.jpg Aylostera tarvitaensis (F.Ritter) Mosti & PapiniBolivia.
Aylostera tuberosa (F.Ritter) Backeb.Bolivia.

Distribution and habitat

Aylostera species are native to Bolivia and north-western Argentina. [1] They are found on the cordilleras to the east of the Andes, from 17° south to 26° south, in montane dry forests, shrublands and dry puna grasslands. [2]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Aylostera". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Ritz, C.M.; Fickenscher, K.; Föller, J.; Herrmann, K.; Mecklenburg, R.; Wahl, R. (2016). "Molecular phylogenetic relationships of the Andean genus Aylostera Speg. (Cactaceae, Trichocereeae), a new classification and a morphological identification key". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 302 (7): 763–780. Bibcode:2016PSyEv.302..763R. doi:10.1007/s00606-016-1296-4. S2CID   16873446.
  3. ↑ Mosti, Stefano; Bandara, Nadeesha Lewke & Papini, Alessio (2011), "Further insights and new combinations in Aylostera (Cactaceae) based on molecular and morphological data", Pakistan Journal of Botany, 43 (6): 2769–2785, retrieved 2013-03-19
  4. ↑ Romeiro-Brito, Monique; Taylor, Nigel P.; Zappi, Daniela C.; Telhe, Milena C.; Franco, Fernando F. & Moraes, Evandro M. (2023). "Unravelling phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Cereeae using target enrichment sequencing". Annals of Botany. 132 (5): 989–1006. doi:10.1093/aob/mcad153. PMC   10808018 .


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