BMW 7 Series (E65)

Last updated

BMW 7 Series (E65/E66)
BMW 7er (E65) front 20100918.jpg
Overview
Production2001–2008
AssemblyGermany: Dingolfing
Designer
Body and chassis
Class Full-size luxury car (F)
Body style 4-door sedan
Layout Rear-wheel drive
Related Alpina B7 (E65)
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission 6-speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase
  • 2,990 mm (117.7 in) (E65)
  • 3,130 mm (123.2 in) (E66)
Length
  • 5,029 mm (198.0 in) (E65)
  • 5,169 mm (203.5 in) (E66)
Width1,902 mm (74.9 in)
Height1,484–1,492 mm (58.4–58.7 in)
Curb weight 1,710–2,040 kg (3,770–4,497 lb)
Chronology
Predecessor BMW 7 Series (E38)
Successor BMW 7 Series (F01)

The fourth generation of the BMW 7 Series consists of the BMW E65 and BMW E66 luxury cars. The E65/E66 was produced from 2001 to 2008 and is often collectively referred to as the E65. The E65 replaced the E38 7 Series and was produced with petrol and turbo-diesel straight-six and V8 engines, along with a petrol V12 flagship model.

Contents

The E65 was the first BMW vehicle to include the iDrive infotainment system and the exterior styling (overseen by Chris Bangle) marked a significant departure from traditional BMW styling. Other new features included active anti-roll bars, a six-speed automatic transmission, an electronic Smart Key (dispensing with the traditional metallic key), and night vision. The 760i model also utilised the world's first production V12 engine to use direct injection. [1] [2]

In late 2008, the E65 7 Series was replaced by the F01 7 Series.

Development and launch

Development for the BMW E65 7 Series began in early 1996. In early 1997, Chris Bangle delivered a brief to BMW's Munich and DesignworksUSA studios. After a competition between 20 designers, Adrian van Hooydonk's design was approved in the spring of 1998. [3] Production specifications were frozen in January 1999 and took 34 months from freeze to market launch. [4] [5] [6] [7] The design was patented on 16 November 2000 [8] and development ended in early 2001.

The E65 was introduced at the Frankfurt Auto Show in September 2001, [9] [10] [11] and launched in Germany in November 2001. [12] In order to produce the E65 7 Series and other future models, the BMW Dingolfing plant was retooled at a cost of approximately €500 million. [13]

Design

Exterior styling

E65 short-wheelbase rear view (Germany) BMW 7er (E65) rear 20100918.jpg
E65 short-wheelbase rear view (Germany)

Under the direction of Chris Bangle, BMW's Design Chief at the time, the BMW E65 7 Series saw a departure from traditional BMW exterior styling. [14]

BMW's board of directors were keen to move the company's image into the future, and the initial styling sketches from 1998 by Adrian van Hooydonk were of a fastback body style - even more radical than the eventual production model. [15] The controversial "flame surfacing" design [16] [17] greatly contrasted the conservative lines of its E38 predecessor. The rear end styling was nicknamed "Bangle Butt" by critics, due to the elongated rear bootlid. However, many believe that the controversial styling helped the 7 series look modern even after many years. [18] [19]

Dimensionally the E65 7 Series is 45 mm (1.8 in) longer, 38 mm (1.5 in) wider and 60 mm (2.4 in) taller than the E38. [20] The wheelbase is 2,990 mm (117.7 in), [21] an increase of 60 mm (2.4 in) over the outgoing model. Despite these increased dimensions, the E65 7 Series is only 15 kg (33 lb) heavier than the E38.

Interior styling

Interior BMW745 (3).jpg
Interior

The E65 contained many departures from automotive interior design conventions. BMW removed the traditional console mounted gear selector, replacing it with a steering-column mounted stalk [17] [22] in favour of two cup holders. The e-brake is controlled using a button on the dashboard. [23] The seat adjustment controls were moved from their traditional place on the side of the seat base to the inside of the raised central console, which drew some criticisms. [20] Unlike most BMWs since 1975 (including the E65's predecessor and successor), the centre instrument panel is not angled toward the driver. [24]

Engines

The V8 models were the first to use the then-new BMW N62 V8 engine, which was the world's first engine to use a continuously variable-length intake manifold. [25] It was also BMW's first V8 engine to use variable valve lift (Valvetronic), [26] [27] replacing throttle butterflies for added response, efficiency and power. [28] A system using traditional throttle butterflies was also present as a backup in case of faults in the valvetronic system.

Petrol

ModelEngineYearsPowerTorque0–100 km/h (0–62 mph)
730i M54B30
3.0 L I6
2004–2005170 kW (228 hp)
at 5,900 rpm
300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft)
at 3,500 rpm
8.1 s
N52B30
3.0 L I6
2005–2008190 kW (255 hp)
at 6,600 rpm
300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft)
at 2,500–4,000 rpm
7.8 s
735i N62B36
3.6 L V8
2001–2005200 kW (268 hp)
at 6,200 rpm
360 N⋅m (266 lb⋅ft)
at 3,700 rpm
7.5 s
740i N62B40
4.0 L V8
2005–2008225 kW (302 hp)
at 6,300 rpm
390 N⋅m (288 lb⋅ft)
at 3,500 rpm
6.8 s
745i N62B44
4.4 L V8
2001–2005245 kW (329 hp)
at 6,100 rpm
450 N⋅m (332 lb⋅ft)
at 3,600 rpm
6.3 s
750i N62B48
4.8 L V8
2005–2008270 kW (362 hp)
at 6,300 rpm
490 N⋅m (361 lb⋅ft)
at 3,400 rpm
5.9 s
760i N73B60
6.0 L V12
2002–2008327 kW (439 hp)
at 6,000 rpm
600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft)
at 3,950 rpm
5.5 s
Alpina B7 H1
V8 S/C
2003–2008368 kW (493 hp)
at 5,500 rpm
700 N⋅m (516 lb⋅ft)
at 4,250 rpm
4.9 s

Diesel

ModelEngineYearsPowerTorque0–100 km/h (0–62 mph)
730d M57D30TU
3.0 L I6 turbo
2002–2005160 kW (215 hp)
at 4,000 rpm
500 N⋅m (369 lb⋅ft)
at 2,000 rpm
8.0 s
M57D30TU2
3.0 L I6 turbo
2005–2008170 kW (228 hp)
at 4,000 rpm
520 N⋅m (384 lb⋅ft)
at 2,000–2,750 rpm
7.8 s
740d M67TUD40
3.9 L V8 twin-turbo
2002–2004190 kW (255 hp)
at 4,000 rpm
600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft)
at 1,900–2,500 rpm
7.4 s
745d M67D44
4.4 L V8 twin-turbo
2005220 kW (295 hp)
at 4,000 rpm
700 N⋅m (516 lb⋅ft)
at 1,750–2,500 rpm
6.8 s
M67TUD44
4.4 L V8 twin-turbo
2006–2008242 kW (325 hp)
at 3,800 rpm
750 N⋅m (553 lb⋅ft)
at 1,900–2,500 rpm
6.6 s

Transmissions

The E65/E66 was the first sedan to use a 6-speed automatic transmission. [29] [30] The specific models of transmission used for the E65 are: [31]

The E65/E66 was one of the few BMWs to have a column shift lever, as opposed to a stick in the centre console.

iDrive

iDrive controller BMW E65 iDrive Controller Update.jpg
iDrive controller
iDrive display BMW E65 iDrive LCI Settings.jpg
iDrive display

The E65 was the first BMW to use the iDrive infotainment system. [32] The iDrive system was built on VxWorks [33] while the navigation system was built on the Windows CE for Automotive platform, [34] and featured an interface primarily based around a central control knob. Many of the functions such as climate, navigation, seat heating, telephony, and car settings were incorporated into a single system allowing for centralised control. Early versions of iDrive were criticised for complicated menu structures and a steep learning curve. [35] [20]

The first generation of the system relied on CD media for map data. In March 2003, the maps switched to DVD format, [36] a faster processor was used and a 'Menu' and 'Customisable' button were added below the control knob. In 2005, dedicated buttons were added to change radio stations or skip tracks [37] and a brighter screen was used for the 8.8" widescreen option.

Equipment

The E65 was the flagship model [38] and the most technologically advanced car produced by BMW at the time.

The following features were first introduced on the E65:

Special models

Long-wheelbase 7 Series (E66)

The E66 long-wheelbase models, badged "Li" were introduced in June 2002. Long-wheelbase models are 140 mm (5.5 in) longer, allowing for extra rear legroom. [41] The initial long wheelbase models were the 735Li, 745Li and 760Li. After 2003, 730Li, 730Ld, 740Li and 750Li models were added to the lineup. [42] [43]

High security 7 Series (E67)

The E67 high security 7 Series is an armoured variant of the BMW 7 Series. The 760Li high security was introduced at the 2003 Geneva Motor Show, with the 745Li high security model released later in September 2003. [44]

E67 high security models are designed to withstand attacks, and meet the requirements of the B7 weapons standard. [45] Security features include a detachable multi-layer laminated windscreen, a remote starting system, a fire extinguishing system, a fresh air system, and under-body protection. [46] High security models also feature run flat tyres, with Michelin's PAX system; which allows continuous driving at 80 km/h (50 mph) for approximately 50 km (31 mi), with a puncture. [46]

BMW offers a buyback service for high security models up to seven years old, which are inspected then resold to potential customers worldwide. A training course is also offered to owners and chauffeurs, and teaches car control in case of emergency situations. [44]

Hydrogen 7 (E68)

The BMW Hydrogen 7 is a limited production hydrogen-fueled model. It uses a modified version of the 760Li's N73 V12 engine, producing 191 kW (256 bhp). Claimed fuel economy is 50 L/100 km (4.7 mpgUS) and the hydrogen is stored as a liquid in an insulated 170 L (45 US gal) tank. Only 100 cars were made, which were leased to high-profile customers, in order to promote the use of hydrogen vehicles.

Alpina B7

Alpina B7 Post-facelift front 2007 Alpina B7.JPG
Alpina B7 Post-facelift front
Alpina B7 Post-facelift rear 2007 BMW Alpina B7 E66 Sedan.jpg
Alpina B7 Post-facelift rear

The Alpina B7 prototype was introduced to the public at the 2003 Geneva Motor Show in March, and the production version was later unveiled at the 2003 Frankfurt Motor Show. [47] Production began in February 2004, [48] and was built in the Dingolfing BMW plant alongside the facelift model - E66.

The Alpina B7 uses a supercharged version of the 4.4-litre V8 found in the 745i, and was the first Alpina model to feature a supercharged engine. [49]

Exterior changes include a rear spoiler [47] and 21-inch traditional Alpina multi-spoke style wheels. Interior changes include sports seats, an Alpina instrument cluster, a three spoke steering wheel with shift buttons, and a silver plated production plaque.

A total of 1114 cars were produced,[ citation needed ] including 803 cars for North America.

Yearly changes

2003

2005 facelift

In March 2005, the facelift (also known as "LCI") models began production. [50] The major changes were:

Late 2005

In late 2005, night vision (BMW night vision) became available. [54] The system uses passive infrared sensors [55] and has a claimed range of 300 m (980 ft). [56]

Automatic highbeam headlamps (BMW high-beam assistant) was introduced at the same time, whereby the high beam headlights are automatically activated in dark areas and temporarily deactivated when oncoming traffic is detected. [56]

Production

The E65 was produced at the BMW Group Plant Dingolfing in Germany, with complete knock-down (CKD) assembly for local markets conducted in Thailand (Rayong), Russia (Kaliningrad) and Egypt (6th of October City). [57]

The following are production figures for E65 7 Series models:

YearTotal
20012,979
200250,961
200357,899
200447,689
200550,062
200650,227
200744,421
200838,835
Total:343,073

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW 7 Series</span> Motor vehicle

The BMW 7 Series is a full-size luxury sedan manufactured and marketed by the German automaker BMW since 1977. It is the successor to the BMW E3 "New Six" sedan and is now in its seventh generation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW M62</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

BMW M62 is a naturally aspirated V8 petrol engine which was produced from 1995 to 2005. A successor to the BMW M60, the M62 features an aluminium engine block and a single row timing chain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW 7 Series (E23)</span> Motor vehicle

The BMW E23 is the first generation of the BMW 7 Series luxury cars and was produced from 1977 until 1986. It was built in a 4-door sedan body style with 6-cylinder engines, to replace the BMW 'New Six' (E3) sedans. From 1983 until 1986, a turbocharged 6-cylinder engine was available.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW 3 Series (E46)</span> Motor vehicle

The BMW 3 Series (E46) is the fourth generation of the BMW 3 Series range of compact executive cars manufactured by German automaker BMW. Produced from 1997 to 2006, it was the successor to the E36 3 Series, which ceased production in 2000. It was introduced in November 1997, and available in sedan, coupé, convertible, station wagon and hatchback body styles. The latter has been marketed as the 3 Series Compact.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW 5 Series (E39)</span> Motor vehicle

The BMW E39 is the fourth generation of the BMW 5 Series range of executive cars, which was manufactured from 1995 to 2004. It was launched in the sedan body style, with the station wagon body style introduced in 1996. The E39 was replaced by the E60 5 Series in 2003, however E39 Touring models remained in production until May 2004.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW 5 Series (E60)</span> Line of German executive cars

The fifth generation of the BMW 5 Series executive cars consists of the BMW E60 and BMW E61. The E60/E61 generation was produced by BMW from 2003 to 2010 and is often collectively referred to as the E60.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW 6 Series (E63)</span> Motor vehicle

The second generation of the BMW 6 Series consists of the BMW E63 and BMW E64 grand tourers. The E63/E64 generation was produced by BMW from 2003 to 2010 and is often collectively referred to as the E63.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW 7 Series (E32)</span> Motor vehicle

The BMW E32 is the second generation of the BMW 7 Series luxury cars and was produced from 1986 until 1994. It replaced the E23 and was initially available with straight-six or V12 powerplants. In 1992, V8 engines became available. From its inception, the E32 was among the most technologically advanced cars in its day.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW 7 Series (E38)</span> Motor vehicle

The BMW E38 is the third generation of the BMW 7 Series luxury cars and was produced from 1994 until 2001. The E38 replaced the E32 7 Series and was produced with petrol and turbo-diesel straight-six and V8 engines, along with a petrol V12 flagship model. Three wheelbase lengths were available — short (i), long (iL) and Limousine (L7).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW X5 (E53)</span> Motor vehicle

The BMW E53 is the first generation BMW X5 mid-size luxury crossover SUV. The vehicle was the first SUV ever produced by BMW. It was produced between 1999 and 2006 and was replaced by the E70 X5.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW N62</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

The BMW N62 is a naturally aspirated V8 petrol engine which was used in BMW cars from 2001–2010. It also remained in small-scale production for the Morgan Aero until 2019. The N62 is the world's first engine to use a continuously variable-length intake manifold, and BMW's first V8 to feature variable valve lift.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alpina</span> German automotive manufacturer

Alpina Burkard Bovensiepen GmbH & Co. KG is an automobile manufacturing company based in Buchloe, in the Ostallgäu district of Bavaria, Germany that develops and sells high-performance versions of BMW cars. Alpina works closely with BMW and their processes are integrated into BMW's production lines, and is recognized by the German Ministry of Transport as an automobile manufacturer, in contrast to other performance specialists, which are aftermarket tuners. The Alpina B7 is produced at the same assembly line in Dingolfing, Germany, as BMW's own 7 Series. The B7's twin-turbo 4.4-litre V8 is assembled by hand at Alpina's facility in Buchloe, Germany, before being shipped to BMW for installation, and the assembled vehicle is then sent back to Alpina for finishing touches.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW 7 Series (F01)</span> Motor vehicle

The fifth generation of the BMW 7 Series consists of the BMW F01 and BMW F02 full-size luxury sedans. The F01/F02 generation was produced by BMW from 2008 to 2015 and is often collectively referred to as the F01.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW Z9</span>

The BMW Z9 is a four-seat coupe concept car, carbon-fiber skin over an aluminum space frame. It was introduced on September in 1999 at the Frankfurt Auto Show. During the 2000 Paris Auto Show a convertible variant of the Z9 was debuted. It was designed by Adrian van Hooydonk under manage of Chris Bangle, who was promoted to Director of BMW Group Design. Much of the styling found on E63 6 series is derived from the Z9.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW 5 Series (F10)</span> Line of German executive cars

The sixth generation of the BMW 5 Series consists of the BMW F10, F18, BMW F11 and BMW F07 executive cars and were produced by BMW from January 2010 to 2017, with F10 being launched on 20 March 2010 to domestic market and F11 in the summer of 2010. The F07 Gran Turismo was produced from early September 2009 to 2017, being launched in the domestic German market in late October 2009.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW 6 Series (F12)</span> Motor vehicle

The third generation of the BMW 6 Series consists of the BMW F12, BMW F13BMW F06 executive-sized grand tourers. The F12/F13/F06 generation was produced from 2011 to 2018 and is often collectively referred to as the F12.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW 8 Series (E31)</span> BMW luxury grand tourer

The BMW E31 is the first generation of the BMW 8 Series. It is a grand tourer built by BMW from 1989 to 1999 as a 2-door coupé, powered by either a V8 or V12 engine. Whilst it did supplant the original E24 based 6 Series in 1990, it was not a direct successor, but a new model class with a substantially higher price and performance than the 6 Series.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW 5 Series (G30)</span> German large car (2016–2023)

The seventh generation of the BMW 5 Series consists of the BMW G30 and BMW G31 executive cars. The G30/G31 has been produced since 2016 by the German automaker BMW and is often collectively referred to as the G30. It was officially announced on 12 October 2016 and sales began in February 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alpina B7 (E65)</span> German automobile

The Alpina B7 (E65) is the third generation of the high-performance BMW 7 Series manufactured by Alpina from 2004 to 2008. Based on the BMW 7 Series (E65), the B7 was officially introduced to the public at the 2003 Frankfurt Motor Show. The B7 was the first Alpina to use a supercharged engine and was available in normal and long-wheelbase versions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alpina B12</span> Range of high performance automobiles

The Alpina B12 is a name given to high-performance luxury automobiles manufactured by German automobile manufacturer Alpina. The B12 originally succeeded the B11 4.0 in 1988 which was based on the BMW 7 Series (E32) and was also based on the same car. Subsequent models were based on the BMW 7 Series (E38) and the BMW 8 Series (E31). Production ended in 2001 when the 7 Series (E38) models were discontinued. The B12 was replaced by the B7 (E65) and the B6 (E63).

References

  1. "BMW World - 12 cylinder engines". usautoparts.net. Archived from the original on 27 June 2013.
  2. "BMW 760Li - First Drive Review". caranddriver.com. March 2003. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
  3. "An Interview with BMW's Chief Designer". Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  4. "BMW : Reorganization and strengthening of the Board". Autointell-news.com. 7 February 1999. Archived from the original on 20 June 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  5. "Adrian Van Hooydonk - The Man To Take BMW Design Further". Bmwblog.com. 10 February 2009. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  6. "A beginner's guide to the new BMW 7-series". 30 July 2001.
  7. "2009 BMW 750Li: Stalin Would be Proud". 13 October 2008.
  8. "Registerauskunft zum Design Designnummer: 40010998-0001". Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
  9. "BMW 7-Series - 2001 Frankfurt Motor Show". Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2017 via YouTube.
  10. "BMW 7-series - Auto Shows". caranddriver.com. September 2001. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
  11. "Frankfurt Motor Show 2001 - Highlights". cardesignnews.com. Archived from the original on 15 December 2006.
  12. "2002 BMW 7 Series First Look". motortrend.com. 2 September 2001. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
  13. Annual Report 2001 (PDF). BMW AG. p. 19. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
  14. "The Chris Bangle Legacy". bmwstyle.tv. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
  15. "Design Icons: A look back at the E65 BMW 7 Series". formtrends.com. 10 April 2017. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
  16. "Does Chris Bangle Deserve A Lifetime Achievement Award For Car Design?". jalopnik.com. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
  17. 1 2 "The Bavarian luxobarge: A look back at the BMW 7-series". autoweek.com. 31 August 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
  18. "Chris Bangle Recalls Controversial BMW 7 Series Design". The New York Times. 24 November 2009. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
  19. "The Bangle Butt". bmwblog.com. 21 January 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
  20. 1 2 3 "BMW 7 Series - A Look Back". topspeed.com. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
  21. "BMW 7-Series Saloon 730d Sport 4d Auto (03) specs & dimensions | Parkers". www.parkers.co.uk. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  22. "BMW 7 Series". motoring.com.au. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
  23. "BMW 735i Review". thetruthaboutcars.com. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
  24. "BMW F01 Interior: Interview with Designers". paultan.org. Retrieved 28 May 2017.
  25. Hirschfelder, Klaus; Völkl, Werner; Kühnel, Hans-Ulrich; Sinn, Walther; Huck, Armin (March 2002). "The first continuously variable intake system in the new eight-cylinder engine from BMW". MTZ Worldwide. 63 (3): 2–6. doi:10.1007/bf03227525. ISSN   2192-9114.
  26. "BMW Engines: From M to N - Part 2". BMW BLOG. 27 December 2008. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  27. "Bob Harper BMW E65". Drive. Archived from the original on 7 January 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  28. "BMW E65 - Drive". drive-my.com. Archived from the original on 7 January 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
  29. "BMW 7er, Modell E65, Technique in Detail: automatic transmission by ZF". schuett.info. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  30. "ZF ends six-speed auto gearbox production from Germany - Autocar India". autocarindia.com. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  31. "RealOEM.com - Select Your BMW Model". realoem.com. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  32. "iDrive vs. Other Infotainment Systems". bmwblog.com. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
  33. "E-Series - Let's hack the MMI / infotainment system". BimmerFest BMW Forum. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
  34. "Will BMW's Infotainment Solution iDrive You up the Wall?". Lifewire. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  35. "BMW 7 Series Review". edmunds.com. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
  36. "7' E65 730i Navigation system". realoem.com. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
  37. "7' E65 760i Controller". realoem.com. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
  38. "7 Series - E65/E66 (2001 - 2008)". bmwheaven.com. Archived from the original on 25 January 2022. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  39. "E65 BUS SYSTEMS" www.xolmatic.com/xprojects/XE65/MOST/bus%20system.pdf. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  40. "BMW 7 SERIES 2005 E65 MOST Bus Diagnosis Workshop Manual". carmanualsonline.info. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  41. "Road Test BMW 745i". caranddriver.com. June 2002. Retrieved 13 June 2017.
  42. "2004 745 New Car Test Drive". autoblog.com. Retrieved 13 June 2017.
  43. "2003 BMW 760Li vs. M-B S600 - Comparison Tests". caranddriver.com. July 2003. Retrieved 13 June 2017.
  44. 1 2 "World Debut of the BMW 760Li High Security and the BMW 330i Security at the 2003 Geneva Motor Show". BMW Press Group. Retrieved 15 June 2017.
  45. "BMW 7 Series High Security". bmw-ids.com. Archived from the original on 10 April 2003. Retrieved 15 June 2017.
  46. 1 2 "BMW 7 Series High Security". bmw-ids.com. Archived from the original on 11 December 2008. Retrieved 15 June 2017.
  47. 1 2 "2003-2008 Alpina B7". ultimatecarpage.com. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  48. "ALPINA Automobiles based on BMW 7 Series- E66". alpina-automobiles.com. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  49. "Milestones: ALPINA Automobiles". alpina-automobiles.com. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  50. 1 2 3 "Participant's Manual - E65/E66 Model Redesign" (PDF). share.qclt.com. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
  51. "Top Five LCI Updates". bmwblog.com. 28 September 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
  52. "2006 BMW 7 Series - Sedan 4D 750i". nadaguides.com. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
  53. "2006 BMW 7-Series". thecarconnection.com. Archived from the original on 18 June 2017. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
  54. "BMW Ad - 7 Series with Night Vision". Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2017 via YouTube.
  55. "BMW incorporates thermal imaging cameras in its cars" (PDF). flir.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 August 2017. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
  56. 1 2 "BMW announces Night Vision and High-Beam Assistant". BMW Group. 21 July 2005. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  57. "BMW 7 series to be added to production in Cairo from 2nd half of 2006". press.bmwgroup.com. Retrieved 24 March 2018.