| Band-tailed guan | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Penelope argyrotis | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Clade: | Dinosauria |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Galliformes |
| Family: | Cracidae |
| Genus: | Penelope |
| Species: | P. argyrotis |
| Binomial name | |
| Penelope argyrotis (Bonaparte, 1856) | |
 | |
The band-tailed guan (Penelope argyrotis) is a species of bird in the family Cracidae, the chachalacas, guans, and curassows. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela. [2]
The band-tailed guan is closely related to bearded guan (Penelope barbata) and they at times have been considered conspecific. The band-tailed guan has three subspecies, the nominate P. a. argyrotis, P. a. albicauda, and P. a. colombiana. The last of these has sometimes been treated as a separate species, and two other subspecies split from albicauda and colombiana have been proposed, but these treatments have not gained support. [3]
The band-tailed guan is 50 to 61 cm (1.6 to 2.0 ft) long. Males weigh 686 to 981 g (1.5 to 2.2 lb) and females 625 to 900 g (1.4 to 2.0 lb). The nominate subspecies' upperparts are blackish-brown to dark rufous with conspicuous white streaks. Its breast is olive brown and belly is pale to medium brown. Its face is pale grey to white and it has a prominent red dewlap. It gets its name from the wide chestnut band across the end of the tail. P. a. albicauda differs from the nominate by having buffy tips on the tail feathers. P. a. colombiana has more white on the crown and less white on the face than the nominate. [3]
The nominate subspecies of band-tailed guan is found in the eastern Andes of Colombia and western Venezuela and also in the Venezuelan Coastal Range. P. a. albicauda is found in the Serranía del Perijá of northern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela. The nominate P. a. argyrotis is restricted to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta of northern Colombia. They mostly inhabit dense wet virgin forest, though they will sometimes be found in secondary forest, shade coffee plantations, and the upper reaches of drier forest. In the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta they range in elevation from 550 to 2,000 m (1,800 to 6,560 ft) and in Venezuela usually from 800 to 2,400 m (2,600 to 7,900 ft), though locally much higher or lower. [3]
The band-tailed guan usually forages in groups of up to six, but more may feed in a fruit-laden tree. It feeds on fruit, usually in the mid-story, but will eat fallen fruit on the ground. [3]
The band-tailed guan's breeding season extends from January to May. It is territorial though several territories may be close to each other. The nest is a loose structure of plant matter placed up to 8 m (26 ft) high in a tree. [3]
The band-tailed guan uses a wing-rattling display to announce territories; it sounds like "canvas ripping forward, then in reverse". Alarm calls are "soft, piping whistles" and in extreme alarm "a repeated shrieking 'GUEEA!' interspersed by various gruff notes". [3]
The IUCN has assessed the band-tailed guan as being of Least Concern. [1] It is uncommon to fairly common in most of its range and in Venezuela occurs in several protected areas. However, it is threatened by deforestation and hunting. [3]
The Cauca guan is a bird in the chachalaca, guan and curassow family, Cracidae. It is a large guan, and like most guans leads a mostly arboreal life in humid forests, where it forages for fruit and leaves. The Cauca guan is endemic to Colombia's Cauca River valley.
The Baudó guan is a species of bird from the family Cracidae. It is restricted to humid forests in the west Andean foothills of western Colombia and north-western Ecuador. It is highly sensitive to hunting and habitat destruction, with large sections of the main distribution in the Chocó having already disappeared. Consequently, it is considered to be endangered by BirdLife International and IUCN.
The Andean siskin is a species of finch in the family Fringillidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, and heavily degraded former forest.
The mountain velvetbreast is a species of hummingbird in the "brilliants", tribe Heliantheini in subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
The sickle-winged guan is a species of bird in the chachalaca, guan, and curassow family Cracidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
The black-fronted wood quail is a bird species in the family Odontophoridae, the New World quail. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.
Spix's guan is a species of bird in the family Cracidae. It is "the prototypical cracid of the Amazonian lowlands." The common name commemorates the German naturalist Johann Baptist von Spix (1782-1826).
The Marail guan or Cayenne guan is a species of bird in the family Cracidae, the chachalacas, guans, and curassows. It is found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.
The rusty-margined guan is a species of bird in the family Cracidae, which includes the chachalacas, guans, and curassows. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay.
The white-necked puffbird is a species of bird in the family Bucconidae, the puffbirds, nunlets, and nunbirds. It is found in Mexico, Central America, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
The red-billed parrot, also known as coral-billed pionus or red-billed pionus, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
The lined quail-dove is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is found in Colombia, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.
The montane foliage-gleaner is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
The black-banded woodcreeper is a sub-oscine passerine bird in subfamily Dendrocolaptinae of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found discontinuously from Chiapas, Mexico, to Panama and in every mainland South American country except Chile and Uruguay.
The grey-throated leaftosser is a Near Threatened species of bird in the subfamily Sclerurinae, the leaftossers and miners, of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.
The flammulated treehunter is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
The Santa Marta wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is endemic to Colombia.
The groove-billed toucanet is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.
The blue-throated piping guan is a species of bird in subfamily Penelopina of family Cracidae, the guans, chachalacas, and curassows. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, the Guianas, Peru, and Venezuela.
The blue-bearded helmetcrest is a Critically Endangered species of hummingbird in the "coquettes", tribe Lesbiini of subfamily Lesbiinae. It is endemic to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta of northern Colombia.
